February 2010 Volume 12 Number 2, pp 101 - 199
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EDITORIAL
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Mentoring matters p101
doi:10.1038/ncb0210-101
Mentoring enhances the experience of mentees; however, mentors and their
institutions will also reap the rewards of a mentorship culture.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=20&m=34595104&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NjY0NDc5NDES1&mt=1&rt=0
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NEWS AND VIEWS
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Tipping the scale: muscle versus fat pp102 - 104
Matthew S. Rodeheffer
doi:10.1038/ncb0210-102
Adipocytes and scar tissue form during skeletal muscle degeneration.
Two new studies reveal that adipocytes and fibroblasts in skeletal
muscle derive from a population of bipotent progenitors that reside
within muscle, but are not derived from the muscle lineage. These
progenitor cells also have a surprising role in stimulating the
restoration of muscle mass during regeneration.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=16&m=34595104&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NjY0NDc5NDES1&mt=1&rt=0
Mitochondria get a Parkin' ticket pp104 - 106
Philipp Wild and Ivan Dikic
doi:10.1038/ncb0210-104
Recent studies have revealed a prominent role of mitochondrial
dysfunction in the development of one of the most common neurodegenerative
disorders, Parkinson's disease. The ubiquitin ligase Parkin and the protein
kinase PINK1, whose mutations are associated with Parkinson's disease,
function in a pathway that links ubiquitylation with selective autophagy
of damaged mitochondria.
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Cohesin and Cdk1: an anaphase barricade pp106 - 108
Keith T. Jones
doi:10.1038/ncb0210-106
Separation of sister chromatids at anaphase in metazoan cells requires
only the cleavage of the kleisin subunit of centromeric cohesin,
but efficient poleward movement of separated sisters requires the
associated loss in Cdk1 activity. Activation of the anaphase-promoting
complex/cyclosome ensures these events are coordinated.
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Research highlights p109
doi:10.1038/ncb0210-109
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ARTICLES
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DNA zip codes control an ancient mechanism for gene targeting to
the nuclear periphery pp111 - 118
Sara Ahmed et al.
doi:10.1038/ncb2011
In budding yeast, many inducible genes translocate to the nuclear
periphery when activated. Sequence motifs have now been identified
in promoters, which target genes to the nuclear periphery and
contribute to gene activation
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=19&m=34595104&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NjY0NDc5NDES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=56&m=34595104&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NjY0NDc5NDES1&mt=1&rt=0
PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy is dependent on VDAC1 and p62/SQSTM1
pp119 - 131
Sven Geisler et al.
doi:10.1038/ncb2012
The E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin mediates the clearance of depolarized
mitochondria through the autophagy pathway. PINK1 kinase activity is
required for Parkin translocation to depolarized mitochondria where
Parkin generates polyubiquitin chains on the voltage-dependent anion
channel (VDAC1) to recruit the autophagic adaptor p62/SQSTM1.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=21&m=34595104&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NjY0NDc5NDES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=10&m=34595104&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NjY0NDc5NDES1&mt=1&rt=0
Histone deacetylase and Cullin3-RENKCTD11 ubiquitin ligase interplay
regulates Hedgehog signalling through Gli acetylation pp132 - 142
Gianluca Canettieri et al.
doi:10.1038/ncb2013
Hedgehog signalling and activation of its downstream effectors Gli1/2
is deregulated in tumorigenesis. Hedgehog-induced HDAC1 is shown to
activate Gli1/2 through its deacetylation. This effect is negatively
regulated by the Cullin3/RENKCTD11 ubiquitin ligase, a Gli antagonist
that is often lost in human medulloblastoma.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=23&m=34595104&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NjY0NDc5NDES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=96&m=34595104&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NjY0NDc5NDES1&mt=1&rt=0
Mesenchymal progenitors distinct from satellite cells contribute to
ectopic fat cell formation in skeletal muscle pp143 - 152
Akiyoshi Uezumi et al.
doi:10.1038/ncb2014
Ectopic adipocytes in skeletal muscle are observed in several disorders,
but their origin is unclear. PDGFRalpha+ mesenchymal progenitors are
identified as responsible for ectopic adipogenesis, which is inhibited
by the presence of satellite cell-derived myofibres.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=24&m=34595104&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NjY0NDc5NDES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=14&m=34595104&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NjY0NDc5NDES1&mt=1&rt=0
Muscle injury activates resident fibro/adipogenic progenitors that
facilitate myogenesis pp153 - 163
Aaron W. B. Joe et al.
doi:10.1038/ncb2015
Following skeletal muscle damage, a population of resident fibro/adipogenic
progenitors (FAP) initiates proliferation, resulting in the generation
of ectopic white fat but not myofibres. FAPs enhance the differentiation
of the myogenic progenitors involved in muscle regeneration.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=25&m=34595104&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NjY0NDc5NDES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=15&m=34595104&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NjY0NDc5NDES1&mt=1&rt=0
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LETTERS
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The Nup107-160 complex and gamma-TuRC regulate microtubule polymerization
at kinetochores pp164 - 169
Ram Kumar Mishra et al.
doi:10.1038/ncb2016
The gamma-tubulin ring complex (gamma-TuRC) nucleates microtubules.
The nuclear pore subcomplex Nup107-160 is found to interact and cooperate
with gamma-TuRC to nucleate microtubules at kinetochores, thereby
promoting spindle assembly.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=27&m=34595104&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NjY0NDc5NDES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=93&m=34595104&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NjY0NDc5NDES1&mt=1&rt=0
Planar polarization of node cells determines the rotational axis of
node cilia pp170 - 176
Masakazu Hashimoto et al.
doi:10.1038/ncb2020
Mouse node cilia are posteriorly tilted to generate a leftward fluid
flow and left/right asymmetry in the embryo, but how the tilt comes
about was not known. The basal bodies of node cilia gradually shift
from a central position towards the posterior side of node cells in
a dishevelled and non-canonical Wnt signalling-dependent manner and
follow a shift in Dvl localization to the posterior.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=28&m=34595104&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NjY0NDc5NDES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=74&m=34595104&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NjY0NDc5NDES1&mt=1&rt=0
53BP1-dependent robust localized KAP-1 phosphorylation is essential
for heterochromatic DNA double-strand break repair pp177 - 184
Angela T. Noon et al.
doi:10.1038/ncb2017
The ATM signalling mediator proteins 53BP1 and KAP-1 are required for
heterochromatic double-strand break DNA repair. 53BP1 aids Mre11,
NBS1 and ATM accumulation at heterochromatic breaks, leading to
localized phosphorylation of KAP-1 by ATM.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=29&m=34595104&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NjY0NDc5NDES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=81&m=34595104&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NjY0NDc5NDES1&mt=1&rt=0
Cohesin cleavage and Cdk inhibition trigger formation of daughter nuclei
pp185 - 192
Raquel A. Oliveira et al.
doi:10.1038/ncb2018
Whether cohesion-independent forces hold chromosomes together in
metaphase is a debated issue. Artificial cleavage of cohesin is
sufficient to induce chromosome disjunction in Drosophila syncytical
embryos but cdk1 inactivation is required for normal subsequent
chromosome separation.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=8&m=34595104&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NjY0NDc5NDES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=53&m=34595104&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NjY0NDc5NDES1&mt=1&rt=0
Regulation of NF-kappaB inhibitor IkappaBalpha and viral replication
by a KSHV microRNA pp193 - 199
Xiufen Lei et al.
doi:10.1038/ncb2019
The role of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus microRNAs in viral
infection and replication remains unclear. A viral cluster containing
14 microRNAs is shown to negatively regulate viral replication by
targeting the the NF-kappaB inhibitor IkappaBalpha and thereby decreasing
NF-kappaB signalling.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=6&m=34595104&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NjY0NDc5NDES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=76&m=34595104&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NjY0NDc5NDES1&mt=1&rt=0
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CORRIGENDUM
----------------------
Phosphorylation of STIM1 underlies suppression of store-operated
calcium entry during mitosis p199
Jeremy T. Smyth et al.
doi:10.1038/ncb0210-199
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