Mol. Biol. Cell Table of Contents for 1 February 2010; Vol. 21, No. 3

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Mol. Biol. Cell Table of Contents Alert

A new issue of Molecular Biology of the Cell is available online:

1 February 2010; Vol. 21, No. 3

The below Table of Contents is available online at: http://www.molbiolcell.org?etoc

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Retrospective

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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor: Much More than an Angiogenesis Factor

Donald R. Senger

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Cell Cycle

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Mutual Dependence of Mob1 and the Chromosomal Passenger Complex for Localization during Mitosis

Lori Jo Wilmeth, Sanjay Shrestha, Gilbert Montaño, Jennifer Rashe, and Charles Bradley Shuster

In unicellular fungi, Mob1 facilitates mitotic exit and cytokinesis through its interaction with NDR family kinases. However, its role in regulating cell division in metazoans is less well understood. In this report, we find that Mob1 is required for the recruitment of the chromosomal passenger complex to the spindle midzone during early anaphase.

Genomic Study of Replication Initiation in Human Chromosomes Reveals the Influence of Transcription Regulation and Chromatin Structure on Origin Selection

Neerja Karnani, Christopher M. Taylor, Ankit Malhotra, and Anindya Dutta

DNA replication in metazoans initiates from multiple chromosomal loci called origins. This study identifies 150 new origins of replication that were confirmed by two methods of nascent strand purification. We discern the role of transcription initiation and regulation, as well as chromatin signatures in determining origin selection in human genome.

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Cell Motility

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Myosin II Is Essential for the Spatiotemporal Organization of Traction Forces during Cell Motility   A Highlights from MBoC Selection Ruedi Meili, Baldomero Alonso-Latorre, Juan C. del Álamo, Richard A. Firtel, and Juan C. Lasheras Amoeboid motility results from pseudopod protrusions and retractions driven by traction forces of cells. We propose that the motor and actin-crosslinking functions of MyoII differentially control the temporal and spatial distribution of the traction forces, and establish mechanistic relationships between these distributions, enabling cells to move.

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Membrane Trafficking

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Environmental Transition of Signal-Anchor Sequences during Membrane Insertion via the Endoplasmic Reticulum Translocon

Yuichiro Kida, Chisato Kume, Maki Hirano, and Masao Sakaguchi

We determined the environments of polypeptide chains during membrane translocation and integration using site-directed Cys alkylation. Migration of a signal-anchor sequence into the membrane synchronizes with formation of its TM orientation, and the ER translocon can provide the aqueous pathway capable of two hydrophilic chains.

The Exo70 Subunit of the Exocyst Is an Effector for Both Cdc42 and Rho3 Function in Polarized Exocytosis

Hao Wu, Courtney Turner, Jimmy Gardner, Brenda Temple, and Patrick Brennwald

Genetic and biochemical evidence is presented that the Exo70 subunit of the exocyst is a direct effector for both Rho3 and Cdc42 GTPases in yeast. Prenylation of these GTPases both promotes the interaction and affects the site of binding within Exo70. Thus, interaction of the Rho GTPases with Exo70 is a key event in spatial regulation of exocytosis.

Compartment-specific Synthesis of Phosphatidylethanolamine Is Required for Normal Heavy Metal Resistance

Kailash Gulshan, Puja Shahi, and W. Scott Moye-Rowley

The enzyme Psd2 catalyzes endosomal synthesis of the phospholipid PE. While this pool of PE represents a minority of total cellular PE, function of Psd2 is required for normal activity of the vacuolar ABC transporter Ycf1. Psd2 controls vacuolar PE levels by acting at the level of the endosome.

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Nuclear Functions

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Dissection of Combinatorial Control by the Met4 Transcriptional Complex

Traci A. Lee, Paul Jorgensen, Andrew L. Bognar, Caroline Peyraud, Dominique Thomas, and Mike Tyers

Loss of Met31 and Met32 abolishes all Met4-activated transcription, while only certain target genes, such as sulfate assimilation genes, depend on Cbf1 and Met28 for expression. Unlike Met4 and the other cofactors, Cbf1 remains promoter-bound under inducing and repressing conditions and helps to stabilize Met32, the main platform for Met4, at promoters.

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Signaling

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A Cdc42 Activation Cycle Coordinated by PI 3-Kinase during Fc Receptor-mediated Phagocytosis

Peter Beemiller, Youxin Zhang, Suresh Mohan, Erik Levinsohn, Isabella Gaeta, Adam D. Hoppe, and Joel A. Swanson

During Fc receptor-mediated phagocytosis in macrophages, PI 3-kinase mediates transitions in the signaling by Rho-family GTPases. Receptor-activated Cdc42 increases PI 3-kinase activity. Increased 3' phosphoinositide concentrations in phagocytic cups then deactivate Cdc42.

Receptor-interacting Protein Shuttles between Cell Death and Survival Signaling Pathways

Pachiyappan Kamarajan, Julius Bunek, Yong Lin, Gabriel Nunez, and Yvonne L. Kapila

RIP shuttles between CD95/Fas death and FAK survival signaling to mediate anoikis.

The β Subunit of the Heterotrimeric G Protein Triggers the Kluyveromyces lactis Pheromone Response Pathway in the Absence of the Subunit

Rocío Navarro-Olmos, Laura Kawasaki, Lenin Domínguez-Ramírez, Laura Ongay-Larios, Rosario Pérez-Molina, and Roberto Coria

The G subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein is not required to trigger the mating pathway in K. lactis. When the G subunit is missing, the G subunit carry Gβ to the plasma membrane and the pheromone pathway is then activated by the G/Gβ heterodimer.

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