25 June 2009 Volume 459 Number 7250, pp 1033 - 1160
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EDITORIALS
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Cheerleader or watchdog? p1033
Science journalism is under threat. What can scientists do to help?
doi:10.1038/4591033a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=40&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Raising the standards pp1033-1034
A fledgling effort in China will show people what is happening on
the environmental front.
doi:10.1038/4591033b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=130&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Orphan giant p1034
Strong advocacy is needed if progress is to be made against
tuberculosis.
doi:10.1038/4591034a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=16&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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Animal biology: Birds of a feather p1036
doi:10.1038/4591036a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=67&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Astronomy: Honing the Hubble constant p1036
doi:10.1038/4591036b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=171&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Neurobiology: Sweet memories p1036
doi:10.1038/4591036c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=155&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Chemistry: The tiniest acid drop p1036
doi:10.1038/4591036d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=149&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Nanotechnology: Mass spec goes mechanical p1036
doi:10.1038/4591036e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=123&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Atmospheric science: Rain on physics pp1036-1037
doi:10.1038/4591036f
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=204&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Biology: A light touch p1037
doi:10.1038/4591037a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=78&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Organic chemistry: Give and take p1037
doi:10.1038/4591037b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=37&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Genetics: Depression link revoked p1037
doi:10.1038/4591037c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=300&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cognitive science: The tool becomes him p1037
doi:10.1038/4591037d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=306&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
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JOURNAL CLUB
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Journal club p1037
Michael S. Fuhrer
doi:10.1038/4591037e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=144&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
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NEWS
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US human spacefaring questioned pp1038-1039
Review panel takes a hard look at NASA's goal of returning
astronauts to the Moon.
Eric Hand
doi:10.1038/4591038a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=33&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
New protein structures replace the old pp1038-1039
Dutch software to weed out errors in Protein Data Bank.
Katharine Sanderson
doi:10.1038/4591038b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=263&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Climate burden of refrigerants rockets pp1040-1041
Environmentalists push for tougher regulation of chemicals meant
to help the ozone layer.
Jeff Tollefson
doi:10.1038/4591040a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=252&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Deficit dooms Swedish gene institute pp1040-1041
Researchers face cutbacks and lay-offs.
Rex Dalton
doi:10.1038/4591040b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=126&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
G8 cancels science parley p1041
Science ministers will no longer meet before main summit.
Alison Abbott
doi:10.1038/4591041a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=138&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Florida universities hit by funding crisis pp1042-1043
Stimulus money provides lifeline for cash-strapped public colleges.
Mark Schrope
doi:10.1038/4591042a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=291&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Biology society narrows Chinese rifts p1044
Scientific relations warm between Mainland China and Taiwan.
David Cyranoski
doi:10.1038/4591044a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=158&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Chemistry publisher in move from print journals p1045
doi:10.1038/4591045a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=11&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Researchers urge action on medical-isotope shortage p1045
doi:10.1038/4591045b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=73&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Climate projections taken to finest detail p1045
doi:10.1038/4591045c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=102&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
EU legislation increases clinical-trial workloads p1045
doi:10.1038/4591045d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=65&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
More financial woes for climate satellites p1045
doi:10.1038/4591045e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=127&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Journal of the century p1045
doi:10.1038/4591045f
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=253&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
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NEWS FEATURES
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Cyberinfrastructure: Feed me data pp1047-1049
The iPlant programme was designed to give plant scientists a new
information infrastructure. But first they had to decide what they
wanted, finds Heidi Ledford.
doi:10.1038/4591047a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=164&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Science journalism: Breaking the convention? pp1050-1051
Blogs and Twitter are opening up meetings to those not actually
there. Does that mean too much access to science in the raw,
asks Geoff Brumfiel.
doi:10.1038/4591050a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=95&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
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CORRESPONDENCE
----------------------
OPINION
Interrogation: hard for psychologists to act as whistleblowers p1052
Michael R. Jackson
doi:10.1038/4591052a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=134&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Interrogation: our professional body forbids involvement p1052
Laurel Bass Wagner
doi:10.1038/4591052b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=17&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Free will: it's a normal biological property, not a gift or a
mystery p1052
Robert O. Doyle
doi:10.1038/4591052c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=278&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Free will: emotions and consciousness could contribute pp1052-1053
Etienne Vermeersch
doi:10.1038/4591052d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=272&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
How air capture could help to promote a Copenhagen solution p1053
Graciela Chichilnisky and Peter Eisenberger
doi:10.1038/4591053a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=288&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Planck's power lies in its unique instrument combination p1053
Nazzareno Mandolesi and Planck LFI co-investigators
doi:10.1038/4591053b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=248&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
ESSAYS
----------------------
OPINION
Science journalism: Toppling the priesthood pp1054-1055
In the first of three essays, Toby Murcott argues that the process
of science needs to be opened up if journalists are to provide
proper critique.
Toby Murcott
doi:10.1038/4591054a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=201&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Science journalism: Too close for comfort pp1055-1056
In the second of three essays, Boyce Rensberger tracks the
progression of scientific correspondents from cheerleaders to
watchdogs.
Boyce Rensberger
doi:10.1038/4591055a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=183&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Science journalism: The Arab boom p1057
As research increases in Arab countries, the media is stepping up
to report on it. In the third of three essays, Nadia El-Awady says
the local journalism has much room for improvement.
Nadia El-Awady
doi:10.1038/4591057a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=277&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
BOOKS AND ARTS
----------------------
OPINION
From rubber ducks to ocean gyres pp1058-1059
The tale of Curtis Ebbesmeyer's use of beachcombing to reveal patterns
of ocean circulation conveys the romance of early marine science, but
his lessons for today are serious, finds Simon Boxall.
Simon Boxall reviews Flotsametrics and the Floating World: How One Man's
Obsession with Runaway Sneakers and Rubber Ducks Revolutionized Ocean
Science by Curtis Ebbesmeyer and Eric Scigliano
doi:10.1038/4591058a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=194&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cooking debate goes off the boil pp1059-1060
Pat Shipman reviews Catching Fire: How Cooking Made Us Human by
Richard Wrangham
doi:10.1038/4591059a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=44&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Our changing body image pp1060-1061
Georgina Ferry reviews Assembling Bodies: Art, Science and Imagination
doi:10.1038/4591060a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=72&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Science journalism: From the newsroom p1061
The Washington Post's national environmental reporter Juliet Eilperin
and its executive editor Marcus Brauchli discuss the future of
science coverage in their newspaper.
Juliet Eilperin and Marcus Brauchli
doi:10.1038/4591061a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=21&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NEWS AND VIEWS
----------------------
Structural biology: Protein dynamics from disorder pp1063-1064
The functions of proteins are often crucially dependent on how they
move, but measuring the absolute magnitudes of protein motions hasn't
been possible. A spectroscopic method looks set to change all that.
Joel R. Tolman
doi:10.1038/4591063a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=4&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Granular media: Structures in sand streams pp1064-1065
An ingenious experiment that involves dropping a costly, high-speed
video camera from a height of several metres reveals how free-falling
streams of granular matter, such as sand, break up into grain clusters.
Detlef Lohse and Devaraj van der Meer
doi:10.1038/4591064a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=69&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cell biology: A score for membrane fusion pp1065-1066
Intracellular membrane fusion has been mimicked in vitro using a mix
of 17 purified proteins and lipid bilayers. This technical tour de
force allows the study of how cells orchestrate and perform such
fusion events.
Ruth N. Collins and Joshua Zimmerberg
doi:10.1038/4591065a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=177&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
50 & 100 years ago p1067
doi:10.1038/4591067b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=146&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Planetary science: Enceladus with a grain of salt pp1067-1068
The observation that water plumes erupt from cracks on Saturn's moon
Enceladus has fired speculation about a possible subsurface ocean.
The latest searches for sodium salts point to the existence of such
an ocean.
John Spencer
doi:10.1038/4591067a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=190&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Stem cells: The stress of forming blood cells pp1068-1069
The first heartbeat is an important moment in an embryo's life. The
biomechanical forces created by pulsatile flow promote the formation
of haematopoietic stem cells that equip the body with its mature
blood cells.
Luc Pardanaud and Anne Eichmann
doi:10.1038/4591068a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=90&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Nuclear physics: Unexpected doubly magic nucleus pp1069-1070
Nuclei with a 'magic' number of both protons and neutrons, dubbed
doubly magic, are particularly stable. The oxygen isotope 24O has
been found to be one such nucleus -- yet it lies just at the
limit of stability.
Robert V. F. Janssens
doi:10.1038/4591069a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=132&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
REVIEW
----------------------
Recent advances and emerging trends in plant hormone signalling
pp1071-1078
Aaron Santner and Mark Estelle
doi:10.1038/nature08122
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=64&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=107&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
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ARTICLES
----------------------
A soma-to-germline transformation in long-lived Caenorhabditis
elegans mutants pp1079-1084
Although the soma ages during life, the germ line of multicellular
organisms does not. Here it is shown that Caenorhabditis elegans
mutants with increased longevity turn on gene expression programs in
somatic tissue that are normally limited to the germ line; this may
be the secret behind the increased health and lifespan of these
mutant worms.
Sean P. Curran, Xiaoyun Wu, Christian G. Riedel and Gary Ruvkun
doi:10.1038/nature08106
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=52&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=283&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
GOLPH3 modulates mTOR signalling and rapamycin sensitivity in cancer
pp1085-1090
A genome-wide screen has identified a frequent region of amplification
on chromosome 5p13 in a number of cancer types. Functional studies now
identify a protein localized to the Golgi apparatus, GOLPH3, as a
novel oncogene affected by this amplification which can transform cells
in vitro and lead to tumour formation in vivo. GOLPH3 overexpression
activates the mTOR signalling pathway and renders cancer cells sensitive
to the drug rapamycin.
Kenneth L. Scott et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08109
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=39&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=299&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Reconstitution of Rab- and SNARE-dependent membrane fusion by synthetic
endosomes pp1091-1097
Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles that can undergo
fusion with each other in a regulated manner; this is thought to be
mediated by SNAREs (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment
protein receptors). Here, the complete reconstitution of endosome fusion
using Rab5 and SNARE proteins highlights the functional relationship
between these two machineries.
Takeshi Ohya et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08107
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=46&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=1&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
=========================== ADVERTISEMENT ===========================
Nature News Special: Science and the Media
This week Nature reflects on the changing relationship between
science and the media including a snapshot of science journalism
today. Toby Murcott argues that the scientific process must be more
open if it is to be properly reported, whilst Juliet Eilperin and
Marcus Brauchli discuss the future of science in their newspaper -
The Washington Post.
For more on science reportage in the digital age access selected
content from the special free online.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=6&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
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----------------------
LETTERS
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Sodium salts in E-ring ice grains from an ocean below the surface of
Enceladus pp1098-1101
Saturn's moon Enceladus emits plumes of water vapour and ice particles
from fractures near its south pole, raising the possibility of a
subsurface ocean. Minor organic or siliceous components, identified in
many ice grains, could be evidence of interaction between Enceladus'
rocky core and liquid water; however it has been unclear whether the
water is still present today or if it has frozen. Now, the
identification of a population of E-ring grains that are rich in sodium
salts suggests that the plumes originate from liquid water.
F. Postberg et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08046
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=160&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=195&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
No sodium in the vapour plumes of Enceladus pp1102-1104
The discovery of water vapour and ice particles erupting from Saturn's
moon Enceladus fuelled speculation that an internal ocean was the
source. The presence of sodium chloride is expected in a long-lived
ocean in contact with a rocky core; however, a ground-based
spectroscopic search for atomic sodium near Enceladus now places an
upper limit on the mixing ratio in the vapour plumes orders of magnitude
below expected ocean salinity. These observations are consistent with a
variety of alternative eruption sources including a deep ocean, a
freshwater reservoir, or ice.
Nicholas M. Schneider et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08070
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=286&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=308&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Optically controlled locking of the nuclear field via coherent
dark-state spectroscopy pp1105-1109
A single electron spin trapped inside a semiconductor quantum dot
forms the foundation for many proposed quantum logic devices, but
the coherence is degraded by interactions with the lattice nuclear
spins. Here, a means of suppressing the nuclear fluctuations is
reported, enabling the electron spin coherence to be preserved
much longer.
Xiaodong Xu et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08120
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=187&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=237&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
High-speed tracking of rupture and clustering in freely falling
granular streams pp1110-1113
Freely falling granular streams break up into characteristic droplet
patterns similar to liquid flows, but the clustering mechanism remains
unresolved. Here, imaging and microscopy data reveal that tiny
cohesive forces are responsible, corresponding to a granular surface
tension some 100,000 times weaker than in ordinary liquids.
John R. Royer et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08115
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=191&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=53&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Enhanced carbon pump inferred from relaxation of nutrient limitation
in the glacial ocean pp1114-1117
It has been suggested that the delivery of dust-borne iron to the
glacial ocean could have increased primary productivity and enhanced
deep-sea carbon export in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific (EEP),
lowering atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations during glacial
periods. But lower opal accumulation rates cast doubts on the
importance of the EEP for glacial carbon dioxide drawdown. A silicon
isotope record now provides support for an invigorated biological
pump in this region during the last glacial period that could have
contributed to glacial carbon dioxide drawdown.
L. E. Pichevin et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08101
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=197&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=62&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
142Nd evidence for an enriched Hadean reservoir in cratonic roots
pp1118-1121
The isotope 146Sm decays to 142Nd with a half-life of 103 million
years, and therefore variations in the 142Nd/144Nd values of rocks
resulting from Sm-Nd fractionation provide a sensitive monitor of
the main silicate differentiation events that took place in early
Earth. The measurement of low 142Nd/144Nd ratios in approximately
1.48 billion-year-old rocks from the Khariar complex in southeastern
India now indicates that enriched Hadean reservoirs may be hidden
within the roots of old cratons.
Dewashish Upadhyay, Erik E. Scherer and Klaus Mezger
doi:10.1038/nature08089
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=178&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=261&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Origins and evolutionary genomics of the 2009 swine-origin H1N1
influenza A epidemic pp1122-1125
Evolutionary analysis of swine-origin H1N1 influenza A virus provides
evidence that it was derived from several viruses circulating in
swine and that it possesses genes from avian, swine and human origin.
Furthermore, transmission to humans may have occurred several months
before recognition of the current outbreak.
Gavin J. D. Smith et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08182
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=153&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=105&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Down's syndrome suppression of tumour growth and the role of the
calcineurin inhibitor DSCR1 pp1126-1130
Individuals with Down's syndrome are known to have a lower rate of
certain solid cancers. Now, a mouse model with one extra copy of
Dscr1, a gene located on chromosome 21, is shown to display decreased
tumour growth; this is thought to be via suppression of angiogenesis
mediated by decreasing the activity of the calcineurin pathway.
Kwan-Hyuck Baek et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08062
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=214&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=185&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Biomechanical forces promote embryonic haematopoiesis pp1131-1135
Following initiation of the heartbeat in vertebrate embryos, cells
lining the aorta, the placental vessels, and the umbilical and
vitelline arteries begin to form haematopoietic cells. Here it is
shown that biochemical forces imposed on the vascular wall at this
developmental stage strongly influence development of early blood
cells and that abrogation of nitric oxide--a mediator of
shear-stress-induced signalling--compromises haematopoietic potential
in vitro and in vivo.
Luigi Adamo et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08073
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=217&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=106&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Subcellular homeostasis of phytohormone auxin is mediated by the
ER-localized PIN5 transporter pp1136-1140
The plant signalling molecule auxin is a key regulator of growth
and development; PIN efflux carriers are asymmetrically localized
on the plasma membrane and mediate directional auxin transport
between cells. Here, an atypical member of the PIN family, PIN5 in
Arabidopsis thaliana, is characterized, revealing that it is does
not mediate intercellular transport of auxin, but is instead
localized to the endoplasmic reticulum, where it presumably
regulates intracellular levels of auxin.
Jozef Mravec et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08066
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=242&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=60&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Yurt, Coracle, Neurexin IV and the Na+,K+-ATPase form a novel group
of epithelial polarity proteins pp1141-1145
Polarization of cells is critical for the development of multicellular
organisms and defects in this process contribute to several diseases.
Here, a novel protein pathway is identified that is important for
polarity formation during early embryogenesis in Drosophila, and
appears to be conserved in mammalian cells.
Patrick Laprise et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08067
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=176&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=43&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Structural insight into the autoinhibition mechanism of AMP-activated
protein kinase pp1146-1149
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) senses cellular energy status to
maintain a balance between ATP production and consumption, and has
important roles in regulating cell growth and proliferation. Here,
crystal structures of kinase and autoinhibitory domains from yeast
AMPK subunits, together with biochemical data, reveal a mechanism
for AMPK autoinhibition and suggest a model for allosteric activation
by AMP.
Lei Chen et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08075
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=135&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=243&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
dUTP incorporation into genomic DNA is linked to transcription in
yeast pp1150-1153
High transcription rates in eukaryotic cells are associated with
genomic instability, resulting in increased numbers of mutational
events. In yeast, highly transcribed DNA is now shown to accumulate
apurinic/apyrimidinic sites due to the removal of uracil,
suggesting that the fidelity of DNA synthesis can be affected by
the level of transcription.
Nayun Kim and Sue Jinks-Robertson
doi:10.1038/nature08033
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=139&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=208&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
ERRATUM
----------------------
Self-assembly of DNA into nanoscale three-dimensional shapes p1154
Shawn M. Douglas et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08165
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=173&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
CORRIGENDUM
----------------------
The missing memristor found p1154
Dmitri B. Strukov, Gregory S. Snider, Duncan R. Stewart and
R. Stanley Williams
doi:10.1038/nature08166
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=266&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NATUREJOBS
----------------------
News
Green jobs growing, but destroying others? p1156
Clean-energy jobs seem to be growing fast, but critics are dubious.
Karen Kaplan
doi:10.1038/nj7250-1156a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=269&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Careers Q&A
Q&A p1157
Jeffrey Sturchio will continue to build bridges to health in his
new role.
Jeffrey Sturchio
doi:10.1038/nj7250-1157a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=92&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Postdoc journal
Julia, you have to hustle p1157
No matter what you do, babies bring chaos.
Julia Boughner
doi:10.1038/nj7250-1157b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=215&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
In Brief
US visa policy under fire p1157
Groups seek improved visa application process for United States.
doi:10.1038/nj7250-1157c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=304&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
In Brief
The best places to work p1157
Biotechs and universities rank highly for best places to work in
information technology.
doi:10.1038/nj7250-1157d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=228&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
In Brief
Student gender bias p1157
More UK women are accepted to university than men, and fewer drop out.
doi:10.1038/nj7250-1157e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=213&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
FUTURES
----------------------
Codename: Phoenix p1160
Here comes the rain.
Julian Tang
doi:10.1038/4591160a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=199&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
Advance Online Publication
----------------------
24 June 2009
A reevaluation of X-irradiation-induced phocomelia and proximodistal
limb patterning
Jenna L. Galloway, Irene Delgado, Maria A. Ros and Clifford J. Tabin
doi:10.1038/nature08117
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=285&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=285&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
A conserved ubiquitination pathway determines longevity in response
to diet restriction
Andrea C. Carrano, Zheng Liu, Andrew Dillin and Tony Hunter
doi:10.1038/nature08130
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=260&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=260&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Evolution of a malaria resistance gene in wild primates
Jenny Tung et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08149
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=280&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=280&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
New flutes document the earliest musical tradition in southwestern
Germany
Nicholas J. Conard, Maria Malina and Susanne C. Munzel
doi:10.1038/nature08169
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=298&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=298&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
21 June 2009
The CREB coactivator CRTC2 links hepatic ER stress and fasting
gluconeogenesis
Yiguo Wang, Liliana Vera, Wolfgang H. Fischer and Marc Montminy
doi:10.1038/nature08111
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=85&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=85&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
mTOR regulates memory CD8 T-cell differentiation
Koichi Araki et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08155
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=59&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=59&m=33461714&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTIwNDQ4MzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
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