May 2009 Volume 5 Number 5
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=========================== ADVERTISEMENT ===========================
WCN 2009 World Congress of Nephrology
Milan, May 22 - 26
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=========================== ADVERTISEMENT ===========================
AJH Reader's Choice: Higher heart rate may predispose to obesity and
diabetes mellitus: 20-year prospective study in a general population.
Online at
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=26&m=32348351&r=MTc2NDE4ODIzOQS2&b=2&j=NDc1OTkwNzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Is a higher bpm a cause, consequence or epiphenomenon in metabolic
syndrome?
This study from AJH is available online FREE of charge and re-examines
participants 20 years later for cardiometabolic factors.
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EDITORIAL
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Is poverty a risk factor for CKD?
Chloe Harman
p241 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.66
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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Chronic Kidney Disease: Studies identify novel predictors of progression
of CKD
p243 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.34
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Dialysis: Dialysis patients benefit from the high life
p244 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.35
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Mineral Metabolism: Gene silencing for PTH suppression
p244 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.36
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Transplanation: Should failed kidney allografts be removed?
p245 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.37
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Transplanation: C3 genotyping of no benefit in renal transplants
p245 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.38
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Thrombus site affects MI outcomes
p245 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.39
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Transplantation: Choice of transplant listing center affects outcome
p246 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.33
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IN BRIEF
In Brief
p246 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.40
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NEWS AND VIEWS
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Vasculitis syndromes: LAMP-2 illuminates pathogenesis of ANCA
glomerulonephritis
Xavier Bosch and Eduard Mirapeix
p247 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.51
The discovery that antibodies to a bacterial antigen can cross-react
with a mammalian protein to cause pauci-immune necrotizing and crescentic
glomerulonephritis opens up new possibilities for the diagnosis and treatment
of this condition.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=42&m=32348351&r=MTc2NDE4ODIzOQS2&b=2&j=NDc1OTkwNzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Pathology: Donor biopsy evaluation at time of renal grafting
Volker Nickeleit
p249 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.50
How can we improve the diagnostic value of donor kidney graft biopsies
and the management of renal transplant recipients? A recent study developed
a morphologic scoring system-the Maryland Aggregate Pathology Index-to help
predict long-term renal graft survival from preimplantation donor organ
biopsy findings.
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Dialysis: Preventing hypophosphatemia during pediatric CRRT
Zaccaria Ricci and Claudio Ronco
p251 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.49
A recent report showed that hypophosphatemia is common in children
undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy, and that adding phosphate
to the replacement and dialysate solutions significantly reduced the
incidence of this complication. Should such supplementation be routinely
performed?
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Transplantation: Sirolimus plus calcineurin inhibitors in transplantation
William Braun
p252 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.55
A recent study reported that combination therapy with sirolimus plus either
tacrolimus or ciclosporin resulted in effective immunosuppression in
high-risk renal allograft recipients. Does such combination therapy really
represent an advance in immunosuppressive therapy for these individuals?
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Vasculitis Syndromes: Which maintenance therapy for ANCA vasculitis?
Patrick H. Nachman
p254 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.52
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides are usually
treated with a combination of high-dose corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide
therapy to induce remission, commonly followed by maintenance treatment with
a less-toxic immunosuppressant. Azathioprine and methotrexate are both
options for maintenance therapy, but whether one of these immunosuppressants
is superior to the other is unclear.
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Acute kidney injury: Intravenous fluid to prevent contrast-induced AKI
Steven D. Weisbord and Paul M. Palevsky
p256 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.26
Trials that compared sodium bicarbonate and sodium chloride for the
prevention of contrast-induced acute kidney injury have yielded highly
conflicting results. The authors of a recent meta-analysis endeavored
to provide a definitive assessment of the relative efficacy of these
two intravenous fluids.
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REVIEWS
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An update on acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis worldwide
Talerngsak Kanjanabuch, Wipawee Kittikowit and Somchai Eiam-Ong
p259 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.44
Our understanding of post-infectious glomerulonephritis has evolved
considerably since the condition was thought to be merely a benign
consequence of streptococcal infection, characterized by pure endocapillary
proliferation. This Review highlights the current status of post-infectious
glomerulonephritis worldwide, with a particular focus on acute
post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. The authors, from Chulalongkorn
University in Thailand, cover the epidemiology, presentation, pathology,
pathogenesis, treatment and outcomes of this condition.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=59&m=32348351&r=MTc2NDE4ODIzOQS2&b=2&j=NDc1OTkwNzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=65&m=32348351&r=MTc2NDE4ODIzOQS2&b=2&j=NDc1OTkwNzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Lithium nephrotoxicity revisited
Jean-Pierre Grunfeld and Bernard C. Rossier
p270 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.43
Lithium is the first-line therapy for the control of bipolar affective
disorder. However, this monovalent cation can have several adverse effects
on the kidney, namely tubular dysfunction (particularly nephrogenic diabetes
insipidus), chronic nephropathy and hypercalcemia. This Review describes
the presentation, pathophysiology and treatment of these complications.
The authors review the clinical and experimental evidence that the principal
cell of the collecting duct is the primary target for the nephrotoxic
effects of lithium, and that these effects are characterized by the
dysregulation of aquaporin 2.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=73&m=32348351&r=MTc2NDE4ODIzOQS2&b=2&j=NDc1OTkwNzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=49&m=32348351&r=MTc2NDE4ODIzOQS2&b=2&j=NDc1OTkwNzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
ANCA-associated vasculitis: from bench research to novel treatments
Lalit Pallan, Caroline O. Savage and Lorraine Harper
p278 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.45
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated vasculitides such as
Wegener granulomatosis and microscopic polyangiitis are an important cause
of renal failure. Current treatment strategies based on cyclophosphamide
have improved patient survival, but are associated with considerable
morbidity. In this Review, Pallan and colleagues discuss the current
treatment strategies and describe how the continually growing understanding
of disease pathogenesis is enabling the development of novel targeted
therapies.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=94&m=32348351&r=MTc2NDE4ODIzOQS2&b=2&j=NDc1OTkwNzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=51&m=32348351&r=MTc2NDE4ODIzOQS2&b=2&j=NDc1OTkwNzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cardiovascular risk and management in chronic kidney disease
Diana Rucker and Marcello Tonelli
p287 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.42
Authors from the University of Alberta, Canada describe the epidemiology
of cardiovascular disease in patients with stage 3-5 chronic kidney disease
(CKD), excluding renal transplant recipients. They outline the relevant
cardiovascular risk factors, both traditional and nontraditional, and
consider the implications of this knowledge for the optimal management
of cardiovascular risk in the CKD setting. Opportunities for further
research are briefly discussed.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=10&m=32348351&r=MTc2NDE4ODIzOQS2&b=2&j=NDc1OTkwNzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=32&m=32348351&r=MTc2NDE4ODIzOQS2&b=2&j=NDc1OTkwNzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
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CASE STUDY
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Lead poisoning from an Ayurvedic herbal medicine in a patient with chronic
kidney disease
Suma Prakash, German T. Hernandez, Ihsan Dujaili and Vivek Bhalla
p297 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.41
Prakash and colleagues highlight the case of a 60-year-old man who was
referred to a nephrology clinic with an elevated serum creatinine level.
Investigations revealed that he had been taking a herbal remedy containing
a large amount of lead. Following discontinuation of the remedy and several
sessions of lead chelation, his creatinine level declined. This case
highlights the need for clinicians to consider lead in the differential
diagnosis and prognosis of patients with chronic kidney disease.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=67&m=32348351&r=MTc2NDE4ODIzOQS2&b=2&j=NDc1OTkwNzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=58&m=32348351&r=MTc2NDE4ODIzOQS2&b=2&j=NDc1OTkwNzgS1&mt=1&rt=0
=========================== ADVERTISEMENT ===========================
Laboratory Investigation appoints its sixth Editor-in-Chief:
Gene P. Siegal, M.D., Ph.D.
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Dr. Siegal serves as Director of Anatomic Pathology at the University of
Alabama at Birmingham and is a world authority on bone tumors.
With newly appointed Senior Associate Editors Drs. Brian Rubin and
Robert W. Hardy, and Catherine Ketcham continuing as Managing Editor,
Dr. Siegal is committed to building upon Laboratory Investigation's
strong standing as one of the top ranked experimental pathology journals.
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