May 2009 Volume 6 Number 5
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EDITORIAL
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The struggles of cancer centers
Vincent T. DeVita Jr
p241 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.51
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=11&m=32494252&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NDc4NjA5ODUS1&mt=1&rt=0
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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Hematology: IKZF1 alterations convey poor prognosis in ALL
p243 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.33
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=27&m=32494252&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NDc4NjA5ODUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Tibolone and cancer recurrence
p244 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.28
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=99&m=32494252&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NDc4NjA5ODUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Medical oncology: New insight into lapatinib
p244 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.32
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=73&m=32494252&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NDc4NjA5ODUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Chemotherapy: Predictors of chemotherapy response in advanced CRC
p245 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.31
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Hematology: Early markers for leukemia
p245 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.34
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=115&m=32494252&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NDc4NjA5ODUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Blood NLR can predict survival
p246 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.29
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=19&m=32494252&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NDc4NjA5ODUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Hematology: Complete remissions in AML
p246 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.30
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NEWS AND VIEWS
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Hematology: Lenalidomide plus dexamethasone is effective in multiple myeloma
Ellen Meijer and Pieter Sonneveld
p247 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.50
A prospective subgroup analysis of two prospective, randomized, double-blind,
placebo-controlled phase III clinical trials showed that the combination of
lenalidomide plus dexamethasone is superior to dexamethasone alone in
patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma who had been previously
treated with thalidomide; the implications for clinical practice are
discussed.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=105&m=32494252&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NDc4NjA5ODUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Medical Oncology: IROX as second-line therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer
Alberto Sobrero
p248 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.43
Haller et al. demonstrated that irinotecan plus oxaliplatin (IROX) is
more efficacious than irinotecan alone after fluoropyrimidine failure in
advanced colorectal cancer. IROX does not change, but enriches the treatment
algorithm of advanced colorectal cancer at the second-line level.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=4&m=32494252&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NDc4NjA5ODUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Medical oncology: Second-line XELOX or FOLFOX-4 for metastatic colorectal
cancer
Ursina R. Teitelbaum and Daniel G. Haller
p250 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.46
In the movement towards individualized treatment regimens, Rothenberg
et al. validate XELOX as another available systemic therapy for patients
being treated with second-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer.
This paper adds to a growing body of data in the first-line and second-line
setting that confirms the noninferiority of oral fluoropyrimidine-containing
regimens.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=34&m=32494252&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NDc4NjA5ODUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Chemotherapy: The role of ifosfamide and etoposide in Ewing sarcoma
Steven G. DuBois and Holcombe E. Grier
p251 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.25
The EICESS-92 trial compared the efficacy of cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide
in patients with Ewing sarcoma. Subgroup analysis suggested that patients
with large, localized tumors benefited from the addition of etoposide,
whereas patients with metastases did not.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=76&m=32494252&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NDc4NjA5ODUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Targeted Therapies: Bevacizumab and interferon-[alpha] in metastatic
renal-cell carcinoma
Ronald M. Bukowski
p253 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.45
Rini and colleagues provide additional data on bevacizumab and
interferon-[alpha] in clear-cell carcinoma of the kidney; a comparison
of these results with the findings from contemporary trials suggests that
bevacizumab and interferon-[alpha] is another clinically useful treatment
option for patients with metastatic renal-cell carcinoma.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=98&m=32494252&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NDc4NjA5ODUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Hematology: Bortezomib in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma
James R. Berenson
p255 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.47
Preclinical studies have shown that new agents such as bortezomib not only
demonstrate anti-multiple-myeloma activity as single agents but also enhance
the efficacy of both chemotherapy and steroids. A randomized trial has
established that bortezomib not only improves response rates but also
prolongs the lives of patients with multiple myeloma who are not candidates
for high-dose chemotherapy.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=83&m=32494252&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NDc4NjA5ODUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Immunotherapy: Vaccine trials in melanoma-time for reflection
Alexander M. M. Eggermont
p256 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.42
The disappointing results of the large, randomized, controlled trials
showing no benefit of vaccines in patients with advanced and metastatic
melanoma call for a reassessment of the development of therapeutic vaccines
and the importance of better immune monitoring methodology, such as adoptive
T-cell therapy with lymphodepletion.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=96&m=32494252&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NDc4NjA5ODUS1&mt=1&rt=0
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REVIEWS
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Next generation oncology drug development: opportunities and challenges
Martin E. Gutierrez, Shivaani Kummar and Giuseppe Giaccone
p259 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.38
The development of novel molecularly targeted agents requires a re-evaluation
of the current drug development paradigm. Gutierrez et al. discuss the
opportunities and challenges facing drug development in the oncology field,
such as optimum clinical trial design, patient selection, optimal biologic
dose versus maximum tolerated dose, and definition of response criteria
and suitable endpoints for clinical trials.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=116&m=32494252&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NDc4NjA5ODUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=111&m=32494252&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NDc4NjA5ODUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Molecular therapy in head and neck oncology
Jacques Bernier, Soren M. Bentzen and Jan B. Vermorken
p266 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.40
A number of clinical studies have demonstrated that patients with high-risk
squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck benefit from the addition
of EGFR inhibitors to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The rationale for
using targeted therapies based on inhibition of EGFR and angiogenesis,
and the most recent pre-clinical and clinical evidence for the role of
these agents in the management of head and neck cancers is discussed.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=9&m=32494252&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NDc4NjA5ODUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=38&m=32494252&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NDc4NjA5ODUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Mediastinal staging of NSCLC with endoscopic and endobronchial ultrasound
Neal Navani, Stephen G. Spiro and Sam M. Janes
p278 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.39
Endoscopic ultrasound and endobronchial ultrasound are new tools for the
mediastinal staging of non-small-cell lung cancer. These techniques allow
minimally invasive and accurate sampling of mediastinal lymph nodes. Navani
et al. discuss the current methods available for mediastinal lymph-node
staging, focusing on endoscopic and endobronchial ultrasound. The authors
present a new diagnostic algorithm incorporating these techniques for the
intra-thoracic staging of non-small-cell lung cancer.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=15&m=32494252&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NDc4NjA5ODUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=110&m=32494252&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NDc4NjA5ODUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Reasons for response differences seen in the V15-32, INTEREST and IPASS
trials
Nagahiro Saijo, Masahiro Takeuchi and Hideo Kunitoh
p287 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.37
The recently reported results of the IPASS trial showed superior
progression-free survival for gefitinib compared with carboplatin and
paclitaxel chemotherapy as first-line treatment in Asian patients with
non-small-cell lung cancer who were non-smokers and had adenocarcinoma
histology. Saijo et al. examine the reasons for the differences in the
effects of molecular-targeted drugs and cytotoxic antineoplastic agents
observed in this trial and other studies, and consider how this could
affect future clinical trial design and analysis.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=46&m=32494252&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NDc4NjA5ODUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=69&m=32494252&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NDc4NjA5ODUS1&mt=1&rt=0
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CASE STUDY
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Cerebral primitive neuroectodermal tumor in an adult with a heterozygous
MSH2 mutation
Alexander F. Jeans, Ian Frayling, Bharat Jasani, Lucy Side, Claire Blesing
and Olaf Ansorge
p295 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.35
MSH2 mutations are associated with the development of colorectal cancer
and are a common cause of Lynch syndrome. Jeans et al. describe the case
of a 37-year-old woman with a germline MSH2 mutation who developed rectal
adenocarcinoma and 7 years later presented with a primitive neuroectodermal
tumor. The authors suggest that diagnosis of Lynch syndrome should be
considered in cases where individuals with previous malignancies associated
with this syndrome present with cerebral tumors.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=50&m=32494252&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NDc4NjA5ODUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=13&m=32494252&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NDc4NjA5ODUS1&mt=1&rt=0
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