April 2009 Volume 5 Number 4
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=========================== ADVERTISEMENT ===========================
WCN 2009 World Congress of Nephrology
Milan, May 22 - 26
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Nature Clinical Practice Nephrology is now Nature Reviews Nephrology.
Nature Reviews Nephrology brings the distinguished reputation of the
Nature Reviews series into the clinical sciences. The journal will remain
dedicated to publishing the latest clinical advances in nephrology.
For more information visit
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EDITORIAL
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Presumed consent: yes we should
Chloe Harman
p177 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.47
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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Chronic kidney disease: Reduced benefit of coronary interventions in
chronic kidney disease
p179 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.18
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Transplantation: A simple test for PVN
p180 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.19
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Phosphate binders 'effective' in PD
p180 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.22
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Fatty acids for IgA nephropathy
p181 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.20
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Transplantation: Bortezomib treats renal graft rejection
p181 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.7
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Development: Insect nephrocytes resemble human podocytes
p181 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.9
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Transplantation: Reassuring news for kidney donors
p182 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.21
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Diabetes: Could vitamin 'B' the answer?
p182 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.8
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NEWS AND VIEWS
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Hypertension: An ACCOMPLISHED regimen for hypertension
Fiona Turnbull
p183 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.25
At first glance, the findings of the ACCOMPLISH trial threaten to undermine
the importance of diureticss in the arsenal of blood-pressure-lowering
therapies. But closer examination reveals that the story is more complicated.
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Acute kidney injury: Clinical value of urine microscopy in acute kidney
injury
Sean M. Bagshaw and R. T. Noel Gibney
p185 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.23
Urine microscopy is a time-honored, readily available and commonly used
noninvasive test to aid clinicians in discriminating between different
forms of acute kidney injury. However, the diagnostic and prognostic
importance of assessing urinary sediment is largely unknown.
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Thrombotic microangiopathy: What not to learn from a meta-analysis
Marina Noris and Giuseppe Remuzzi
p186 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.28
A recent meta-analysis concluded that plasma exchange is the most
effective intervention for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and that
plasma manipulation offers no additional benefit over simple supportive
therapy in hemolytic uremic syndrome. These findings must be interpreted
with great caution, as response to treatment depends on the underlying
disease etiology.
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Hypertension: The message of World Kidney Day 2009
George L. Bakris and Eberhard Ritz and on behalf of the World Kidney
Day Steering Committee
p188 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.27
World Kidney Day 2009 was celebrated last month in more than 100
countries, and aimed to raise awareness that the symbiotic
relationship between hypertension and kidney disease should be prevented.
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Transplantation: Neural networks for predicting graft survival
Bruce Kaplan and Jesse Schold
p190 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.24
Predicting outcomes of renal transplant recipients using standard
statistical techniques is difficult. Novel approaches such as the use
of artificial neural networks might improve the precision and accuracy
in this area of medicine in which numerous and complex events contribute
to outcomes.
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REVIEWS
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Fluid, electrolyte and acid-base disorders associated with antibiotic
therapy
R. Zietse, R. Zoutendijk and E. J. Hoorn
p193 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.17
Antibiotic treatment can lead to a wide spectrum of disturbances in the
electrolyte and/or acid-base balance, despite a preserved glomerular
filtration rate. This Review describes how each nephron segment is
affected by antibiotic treatment and discusses the mechanisms that lead
to disrupted renal tubular function. This insight should pave the way
for pathophysiology-directed treatment of these disorders.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=45&m=32199035&r=MTc2NDE4ODIzOQS2&b=2&j=NDY4ODg2NzMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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The role of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in renal and cardiovascular
diseases
Hunjoo Ha, Eun Y. Oh and Hi B. Lee
p203 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.15
An orally active small-molecule inhibitor of plasminogen activator
inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) could provide a novel therapeutic strategy for renal
and cardiovascular diseases. Here, authors from Ewha Womans University,
Seoul review current understanding of the role of PAI-1 in renal fibrosis
and intimal hyperplasia, with a particular focus on the regulation of
PAI-1 expression by reactive oxygen species. They also discuss the
progress that has been made toward achieving therapeutic suppression
of PAI-1.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=89&m=32199035&r=MTc2NDE4ODIzOQS2&b=2&j=NDY4ODg2NzMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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Membranous nephropathy in systemic lupus erythematosus: a therapeutic
enigma
Chi Chiu Mok
p212 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.14
Membranous nephropathy is an uncommon form of lupus nephritis, accounting
for only one-fifth of all cases. As a result, few reviews have focused
on this condition. Here, Chi Chiu Mok summarizes the histological
classification, clinical presentation, outcomes and therapy of membranous
lupus nephropathy. As the optimal therapy for this form of lupus nephritis
remains unclear, the author provides an algorithm to help guide treatment.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=18&m=32199035&r=MTc2NDE4ODIzOQS2&b=2&j=NDY4ODg2NzMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=77&m=32199035&r=MTc2NDE4ODIzOQS2&b=2&j=NDY4ODg2NzMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cardiovascular abnormalities in autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney
disease
Tevfik Ecder and Robert W. Schrier
p221 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.13
This Review describes the cardiovascular manifestations of
autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), including
hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, aneurysms and cardiac valvular
disorders. The authors focus particularly on hypertension, with a detailed
discussion of the pathogenesis of this condition in ADPKD and a
comprehensive review of the renal and cardiovascular effects of
antihypertensive treatment in the ADPKD setting. Recommendations for the
optimal cardiovascular management of ADPKD are provided.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=82&m=32199035&r=MTc2NDE4ODIzOQS2&b=2&j=NDY4ODg2NzMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=74&m=32199035&r=MTc2NDE4ODIzOQS2&b=2&j=NDY4ODg2NzMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cardiovascular disease in children with CKD or ESRD
Marc R. Lilien and Jaap W. Groothoff
p229 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.10
Children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have a more than 700-fold
increased risk of cardiac death compared with healthy children of the
same age. Here, pediatric nephrologists from the Netherlands describe
the arterial and cardiac abnormalities that are responsible for this
high cardiovascular burden, outline the risk factors for such abnormalities,
and suggest strategies for their prevention. The need for prospective
follow-up studies of cardiac risk factors in the pediatric ESRD setting
is highlighted.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=53&m=32199035&r=MTc2NDE4ODIzOQS2&b=2&j=NDY4ODg2NzMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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CASE STUDY
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Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis as a complication of graft-versus-host
disease
Claudia Fofi, Simona Barberi, Antonella Stoppacciaro, Giorgio Punzo and
Paolo Mene
p236 | doi:10.1038/nrneph.2009.11
Kidney involvement can be a serious complication of hematopoietic stem
cell transplantation. In this Case Study, Fofi and colleagues describe
a rare case of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis occurring as a
complication of chronic graft-versus-host disease following peripheral
blood stem cell transplantation.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=85&m=32199035&r=MTc2NDE4ODIzOQS2&b=2&j=NDY4ODg2NzMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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