08 May 2008 Volume 453 Number 7192, pp133-256
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VIDEOS:The duck-billed platypus genome
htpp://www.nature.com/nature/videoarchive
The duck-billed platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) is a truly unique
animal, and its fascinating genome is published in Nature this week.
Platypuses are monotremes with almost no close relatives alive on earth.
Watch some of the team discuss their research
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0vOS0EG
or listen to this week's Nature Podcast.
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0z8i0EJ
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EDITORIALS
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Spring-cleaning in France p133
The French scientific research system is ripe for reform.
doi:10.1038/453133a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BuaO0EZ
The gathering storm rages on pp133-134
Two years on, a National Academies report on US competitiveness
struggles to make an impact.
doi:10.1038/453133b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BuaP0Ea
Bountiful noise p134
Whether in music or in nature, noise can be full of riches.
The trick is to recognize the treasures.
doi:10.1038/453134a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BuaQ0Eb
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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Climatic volcanoes p136
doi:10.1038/453136a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BuaR0Ec
Materials science: Carbon on display p136
doi:10.1038/453136b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BuaS0Ed
Organic chemistry: Flushing out HIV p136
doi:10.1038/453136c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BuaT0Ee
Developmental biology: Antler insight p136
doi:10.1038/453136d
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BuaU0Ef
Neuroscience: Bird brains p136
doi:10.1038/453136e
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BuaV0Eg
Microbiology: A genetic monster pp136-137
doi:10.1038/453136f
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BuaW0Eh
Nanotechnology: Tiny carbon workers p137
doi:10.1038/453137a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BuaX0Ei
Chemical biology: Maths and malaria p137
doi:10.1038/453137b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BuaY0Ej
Astronomy: Galactic mapping p137
doi:10.1038/453137c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BuaZ0Ek
Microbiology: Fuel cell p137
doi:10.1038/453137d
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buaa0Er
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JOURNAL CLUB
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Journal club p137
Francois Balloux
doi:10.1038/453137e
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buab0Es
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NEWS
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Top billing for platypus at end of evolution tree pp138-139
Monotreme's genome shares features with mammals, birds and reptiles.
Susan Brown
doi:10.1038/453138a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buac0Et
Chemists spin a web of data p139
Chemspider website provides free information on millions of molecules.
Geoff Brumfiel
doi:10.1038/453139a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buad0Eu
Medical schools swap pigs for plastic pp140-141
Doctors used to try out their surgical skills on animals before being
allowed to work on patients. Now just a handful of US medical schools
still have animal labs.
Meredith Wadman asks if they've lost a vital tool.
doi:10.1038/453140a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buae0Ev
Phoenix descending p142
NASA's Mars strategy goes from "follow the water" to
"arrive at the ice".
Eric Hand
doi:10.1038/453142a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buaf0Ew
Q&A
Research revolution? p143
Valérie Pecresse has been a member of the French National Assembly
(Yvelines department) since 2002. She rose to prominence as the
combative spokeswoman for Nicolas Sarkozy's centre–right UMP party
during the 2007 presidential race, after which she was appointed
minister for higher education and research.
doi:10.1038/453143a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buag0Ex
Sidelines p143
Scribbles on the margins of science.
doi:10.1038/453143b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buah0Ey
Institutes marshal locals to boost African physics p145
doi:10.1038/453145a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buai0Ez
Patent on Mexican yellow beans is reversed p145
doi:10.1038/453145b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buaj0E1
Drug firm turns spotlight on basic systems biology p145
doi:10.1038/453145c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buak0E2
NASA watchdog calls for Orion board suspensions p145
doi:10.1038/453145d
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bual0E3
Sacked whistle-blower demands reinstatement p145
doi:10.1038/453145e
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buam0E4
Elephant-hunting season opens in South Africa p145
doi:10.1038/453145f
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buan0E5
Correction p145
doi:10.1038/453145g
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buao0E6
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NEWS FEATURES
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Earth science: Harnessing the Hum pp146-148
A new way to analyse seismic vibrations is bringing order out of noise
to help predict volcanic eruptions or create detailed images of
Earth's interior.
Rachel Courtland reports.
doi:10.1038/453146a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buap0E7
Cell biology: The cellular hullabaloo pp150-153
The inner life of a cell is noisy. Helen Pearson discovers how the
resulting randomness makes life more challenging — and richer.
doi:10.1038/453150a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buaq0E8
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CORRESPONDENCE
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Long-range energy forecasts are no more than fairy tales p154
Vaclav Smil
doi:10.1038/453154a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buar0EA
Energy assumptions were reasonable at the time, but not now pp154-155
Christopher B. Field
doi:10.1038/453154b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buas0EB
Future scenarios for emissions need continual adjustment p155
Richard G. Richels, Richard S. J. Tol and Gary W. Yohe
doi:10.1038/453155a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buat0EC
Climate policies will stimulate technology development p155
Ottmar Edenhofer, Bill Hare, Brigitte Knopf and Gunnar Luderer
doi:10.1038/453155b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buau0ED
IPCC's climate-policy assumptions were justified p155
Joseph Romm
doi:10.1038/453155c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buav0EE
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BOOKS AND ARTS
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Not so amateur p156
Volunteer star-gazers tracking satellites at the start of the space
age often surpassed the professionals.
Owen Gingerich reviews Keep Watching the Skies! The Story of Operation
Moonwatch and the Dawn of the Space Age by W. Patrick McCray
doi:10.1038/453156a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buaw0EF
How brains develop p157
Bruce M. Hood reviews The Fundamentals of Brain Development:
Integrating Nature & Nurture by Joan Stiles and The Baby in the
Mirror: A Child's World from Birth to Three by Charles Fernyhough
doi:10.1038/453157a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buax0EG
Learning from climates past p158
Chris Turney reviews Fixing Climate: What Past Climate Changes Reveal
About the Current Threat -- and How to Counter It by
Wallace S. Broecker and Robert Kunzig
doi:10.1038/453158a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buay0EH
Mountains into molehills p158
Emma Marris reviews Burning the Future: Coal in America and
Mountain Top Removal
doi:10.1038/453158b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buaz0EI
Saving art in situ p159
A conservation scientist explains how borrowing gadgets from Mars
rovers helps preserve culture on Earth.
Giacomo Chiari
doi:10.1038/453159a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bua10E4
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ESSAY
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OPINION
Science & Music: Facing the music pp160-162
At the heart of any scientific explanation of music is an
understanding of how and why it affects us. In the first of a
nine-part essay series, Philip Ball explores just how far we can hope
to achieve a full scientific theory of music.
doi:10.1038/453160a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bua20E5
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NEWS AND VIEWS
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Planetary science: Music of the stratospheres pp163-164
Fifteen-year oscillations in Saturn's equatorial stratosphere bear a
striking resemblance to the shorter-term oscillations seen on Earth
and Jupiter -- akin to notes played on a cello, a violin and a viola.
Timothy E. Dowling
doi:10.1038/453163a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bua30E6
Computational biochemistry: Old enzymes, new tricks pp164-166
Although enzymes are superb catalysts, their range of reactions is
limited to those that support life. Their repertoire could be expanded
by a method that allows artificial enzymes to be made from scratch.
Giovanna Ghirlanda
doi:10.1038/453164a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bua40E7
50 & 100 years ago p165
doi:10.1038/453165a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bua50E8
Device physics: Chance match pp166-167
A clever device uses the quantum statistics of electron tunnelling to
match image patterns. The circuit is low-power, works at room
temperature -- and could point to a way forward for silicon
electronics.
Robert M. Westervelt
doi:10.1038/453166a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bua60EA
Quantum information: Stopping the rot pp167-168
Uncontrollable outside influences undermine the whole enterprise of
quantum computing. Nailing down the sources of this 'decoherence' in a
solid-state system is a step towards solving the problem.
Philip C. E. Stamp
doi:10.1038/453167a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bua70EB
Obesity: What's your fat-cell allowance? p169
Sadaf Shadan
doi:10.1038/453169a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bua80EC
Molecular biology: An HIV secret uncovered pp169-170
With two catalytic activities and many substrates, how does HIV's
reverse transcriptase enzyme know what to do to which substrate?
Zooming in on the enzyme's molecular interactions provides
tantalizing clues.
Eddy Arnold and Stefan G. Sarafianos
doi:10.1038/453169b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubA0EM
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NEWS AND VIEWS Q&A
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Materials science: Supramolecular polymers pp171-173
Most polymers consist of long molecular chains made up of many units
connected by covalent bonds -- but supramolecular polymers are
different. The strikingly dynamic properties of these materials arise
from the reversible bonds that hold their chains together, and open up
the prospect of many new applications.
Tom F. A. de Greef and E. W. Meijer
doi:10.1038/453171a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubB0EN
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ARTICLES
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Genome analysis of the platypus reveals unique signatures of evolution
pp175-183
Platypuses are monotremes and combine aspects of both reptilian and
mammalian behaviour. An international consortium reports the genome
sequence and analysis of Ornithorhynchus anatinus and as expected,
parts of the genome look more like mammals, whereas other parts more
like reptiles or even chickens.
doi:10.1038/nature06936
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubC0EO
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubD0EP
Dynamic binding orientations direct activity of HIV reverse
transcriptase pp184-189
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) is an important drug target. RT has
two activities, DNA synthesis, and cleavage of a DNA-RNA hybrid. These
activities require that RT bind to both DNA and RNA. Single-molecule
technology is used to show that the enzyme binds to RNA and DNA in
different orientations, and provide insight into how it can flip
between these orientations and activities without dissociating from
the substrate.
Elio A. Abbondanzieri et al.
doi:10.1038/nature06941
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubE0EQ
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubF0ER
Kemp elimination catalysts by computational enzyme design p190-195
A computational protein design was used to generate eight enzymes that
were able to catalyse the Kemp elimination, a model reaction for
proton transfer from carbon. Directed evolution was used to enhance
the catalytic activity of the designed enzymes, demonstrating that the
combination of computational protein design and directed evolution is
a highly effective strategy to create novel enzymes.
Daniela Rothlisberger et al.
doi:10.1038/nature06879
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubG0ES
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubH0ET
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LETTERS
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Semi-annual oscillations in Saturn's low-latitude stratospheric
temperatures pp196-199
Both Earth and Jupiter have equatorial oscillations in their
atmospheres. An analysis of over two decades of observations of
Saturn's stratospheric emission finds a similar oscillation. The
period is 14.8 +- 1.2 terrestrial years, roughly half of Saturn's year,
suggesting the influence of seasonal forcing, as is the case with the
Earth's semi-annual oscillation.
Glenn S. Orton et al.
doi:10.1038/nature06897
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubI0EU
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubJ0EV
An equatorial oscillation in Saturn's middle atmosphere pp200-202
The middle atmospheres of planets are driven by a combination of
radiative heating and cooling, mean meridional motions, and vertically
propagating waves (which originate in the deep troposphere). This
paper reports infrared observations showing that Saturn has an
equatorial oscillation like Earth's and Jupiter's, as well as a
mid-latitude subsidence that may be associated with the equatorial
motion.
T. Fouchet et al.
doi:10.1038/nature06912
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubK0EW
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubL0EX
Quantum oscillations in a molecular magnet pp203-206
Molecular magnets are a class of molecule containing multiple magnetic
ions whose spins are tightly coupled to give a single 'collective'
spin. But it has remained an open question whether the quantum spin
states of these molecular entities are sufficiently long-lived to
permit useful computation. Pronounced quantum oscillations between the
spin states of one such molecular magnet have been observed,
indicating that quantum coherence is long-lived.
S. Bertaina et al.
doi:10.1038/nature06962
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubM0EY
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubN0EZ
Colossal cages in zeolitic imidazolate frameworks as selective carbon
dioxide reservoirs pp207-211
Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) are porous crystalline
materials where organic imidazolate links connect to transition metals
to form a tetrahedral framework. Intriguingly, many different ZIF
structures can be created by simply adjusting the link-link
interactions. Links that result in two new materials with structures
of a scale and complexity rarely seen before have now been designed:
huge and complex cages within the pore network contain up to 264
vertices, and are constructed from as many as 7,524 atoms.
Bo Wang et al.
doi:10.1038/nature06900
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubO0Ea
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubP0Eb
Increasing risk of Amazonian drought due to decreasing aerosol
pollution pp212-215
In 2005, there was a pronounced drought in the western Amazonian
rainforest, which seems to have been associated with a period of
unusually warm sea-surface temperatures in the North Atlantic. This
event can be better understood with reference to the gradient in
sea-surface temperatures across the equatorial Atlantic, of which the
northern temperature anomalies are just a factor. By incorporating the
effects of atmospheric aerosols into the model, the observed
variations in this temperature gradient over the past century are
reproduced, and it is predicted that the sea-surface conditions
conductive to the droughts experienced in 2005 will become much more
common.
Peter M. Cox et al.
doi:10.1038/nature06960
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubQ0Ec
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubR0Ed
Scale effects and human impact on the elevational species richness
gradients pp216-219
Using a data set consisting of 400,000 records covering 3,000 Pyrenean
species, it is shown that sampling and scale effects alone can give
rise to many conflicting species-richness patterns. Rather than a
monotonic decreasing pattern of richness with altitude, a hump-shaped
pattern corresponding to a mid-altitudinal richness peak is
identified. Apart from sampling issues, it is argued that global
reduction in natural lowland habitats also hampers our ability to
detect universal patterns in biodiversity.
D. Nogues-Bravo, M. B. Araujo, T. Romdal and C. Rahbek
doi:10.1038/nature06812
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubS0Ee
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubT0Ef
Neutral metacommunity models predict fish diversity patterns in
Mississippi-Missouri basin pp220-222
This paper demonstrates that a simple, neutral metacommunity model
successfully predicts large-scale patterns of fish diversity in the
Mississippi-Missouri Basin River System.
Rachata Muneepeerakul et al.
doi:10.1038/nature06813
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubU0Eg
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubV0Eh
REST maintains self-renewal and pluripotency of embryonic stem cells p223-227
The neuronal repressor protein REST (also known as NRSF) maintains
self renewal and pluripotency in embryonic stem cells through
suppression of the miRNA 21, and is therefore a newly identified
member of the transcriptional network maintaining stem cells in a
pluripotent state. Knocking down its activity by using of siRNA or
deletion of one allele caused loss of self renewal and led the cells
to express differentiated markers.
Sanjay K. Singh, Mohamedi N. Kagalwala, Jan Parker-Thornburg,
Henry Adams & Sadhan Majumder
doi:10.1038/nature06863
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubW0Ei
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubX0Ej
Long-term haematopoietic reconstitution by Trp53-/-p16Ink4a-/-p19Arf-/-
multipotent progenitors p228-232
Multipotent progenitor cells are like stem cells in their ability to
form many kinds of differentiated cells, but they are not able to self
renew and thus have a limited lifespan. This paper reports that by
mutating only three genes, it is possible to convert multipotent
progenitor cells into long-term renewing cells. It is shown that these
three genes normally prevent progenitors from self renewing, and
suggest a mechanism by which mutations in progenitor cells could cause cancer.
Omobolaji O. Akala, In-Kyung Park, Dalong Qian, Michael Pihalja,
Michael W. Becker & Michael F. Clarke
doi:10.1038/nature06869
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubY0Ek
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BubZ0El
Discrete fixed-resolution representations in visual working memory p233-235
Only a limited amount of information can be stored in short term
memory, but it is unclear whether we store high quality
representations of a small number of items or a larger number of items
whose representation is of lower quality. Visual working memory is
studied, particularly both the number of representations and the
resolution of each representation, with the results favouring the idea
that we store a smaller number of objects, with relatively discrete,
fixed resolution representations.
Weiwei Zhang & Steven J. Luck
doi:10.1038/nature06860
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buba0Es
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bubb0Et
TGF-beta-induced Foxp3 inhibits TH17 cell differentiation by
antagonizing ROR gammat function p236-240
The cytokine TFG-beta contributes to the differentiation of both
regulatory T cells and TH17 cells. This paper shows that in intestinal
lamina propria cell lineage differentiation depends on the local
TFG-beta concentration.
Liang Zhou et al.
doi:10.1038/nature06878
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bubc0Eu
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bubd0Ev
Imaging of Rab5 activity identifies essential regulators for phagosome
maturation p241-245
Apoptotic cells are engulfed by phagocytes in a process that involves
the GTPase Rab5. This paper shows that Rab5 promotes phagosome
maturation, and Rab5 activation is induced by the guanine nucleotide
exchange factor Gapex 5, which is recruited to phagosomes via
microtubules.
Masahiro Kitano, Michio Nakaya, Takeshi Nakamura, Shigekazu Nagata
& Michiyuki Matsuda
doi:10.1038/nature06857
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bube0Ew
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bubf0Ex
Chromatin decouples promoter threshold from dynamic range p246-250
By testing variants of the budding yeast phosphate response (PHO)
genes, it is shown that the affinity of DNA binding sites that are
accessible to a transcription factor determines the threshold for
promoter activation, and that the binding sites within nucleosomal
regions serve to influence the maximal expression of a gene once the
nucleosomes are remodelled. Thus nucleosomes can decouple a promoter's
threshold of activation from its dynamic range.
Felix H. Lam, David J. Steger & Erin K. O'Shea
doi:10.1038/nature06867
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bubg0Ey
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bubh0Ez
----------------------
NATUREJOBS
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Prospect
Prospects p251
Postdocs need a set of defined, widely endorsed core competencies.
Or do they?
Gene Russo
doi:10.1038/nj7192-251a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bubi0E1
Region
Toronto rising p252
Specialist research centres are springing up in Canada's biggest city,
nourished by government funds that also attract high-calibre scientists.
Kurt Kleiner reports.
doi:10.1038/nj7192-252a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0BueG0EV
Career View
Karin Lochte, director, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine
Research, Bremerhaven, Germany p254
Oceanographer and climate change specialist heads to Germany's Wegener
Institute.
Virginia Gewin
doi:10.1038/nj7192-254a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bubj0E2
Animal assets in academia p254
Trying to get vets into academia.
Virginia Gewin
doi:10.1038/nj7192-254b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bubk0E3
Going with your gut p254
I strive to find the best hummus — and the best experimental approach.
Zachary Lippman
doi:10.1038/nj7192-254c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bubl0E4
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FUTURES
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The icosahedral anaster p256
A slight detour?
John P. Boyd
doi:10.1038/453256a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bubm0E5
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ADVANCE ONLINE PUBLICATION
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07 May 2008
Article
The branching programme of mouse lung development
Ross J. Metzger, Ophir D. Klein, Gail R. Martin & Mark A. Krasnow
doi:10.1038/nature07005
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bubn0E6
Letters
An endogenous small interfering RNA pathway in Drosophila
Benjamin Czech et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07007
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bubo0E7
Midzone activation of aurora B in anaphase produces an intracellular
phosphorylation gradient
Brian G. Fuller et al.
doi:10.1038/nature06923
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bubp0E8
Domain organization of human chromosomes revealed by mapping of
nuclear lamina interactions
Lars Guelen et al.
doi:10.1038/nature06947
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bubq0EA
Multi-genetic events collaboratively contribute to Pten-null leukaemia
stem-cell formation
Wei Guo et al.
doi:10.1038/nature06933
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bubr0EB
Drosophila endogenous small RNAs bind to Argonaute 2 in somatic cells
Yoshinori Kawamura et al.
doi:10.1038/nature06938
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bubs0EC
Cytokinin and auxin interaction in root stem-cell specification during
early embryogenesis
Bruno Müller & Jen Sheen
doi:10.1038/nature06943
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bubt0ED
The Drosophila hairpin RNA pathway generates endogenous short
interfering RNAs
Katsutomo Okamura, Wei-Jen Chung, J. Graham Ruby, Huili Guo,
David P. Bartel & Eric C. Lai
doi:10.1038/nature07015
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bubu0EE
Global control of cell-cycle transcription by coupled CDK and network
oscillators
David A. Orlando et al.
doi:10.1038/nature06955
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bubv0EF
04 May 2008
Letters
Neural substrates of vocalization feedback monitoring in primate
auditory cortex
Steven J. Eliades & Xiaoqin Wang
doi:10.1038/nature06910
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bubw0EG
Cladistic analysis of continuous modularized traits provides
phylogenetic signals in Homo evolution
Rolando González-José, Ignacio Escapa, Walter A. Neves, Rubén Cúneo
& Héctor M. Pucciarelli
doi:10.1038/nature06891
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bubx0EH
Essential role for Nix in autophagic maturation of erythroid cells
Hector Sandoval, Perumal Thiagarajan, Swapan K. Dasgupta,
Armin Schumacher, Josef T. Prchal, Min Chen & Jin Wang
doi:10.1038/nature07006
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Buby0EI
Sex determination involves synergistic action of SRY and SF1 on a
specific Sox9 enhancer
Ryohei Sekido & Robin Lovell-Badge
doi:10.1038/nature06944
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bubz0EJ
Dynamics of fat cell turnover in humans
Kirsty L. Spalding et al.
doi:10.1038/nature06902
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ekkO0Xztnp0HjB0Bub10E5
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