March 2008 Volume 6 Number 3
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This month's FEATURED article:
Physiological heterogeneity in biofilms
Philip S. Stewart and Michael J. Franklin
p199 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1838
http://www.nature.com/nrmicro/journal/v6/n3/full/nrmicro1838.html
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In this issue
p169 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1867
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bnea0EO
Editorial: Getting to know the tiny majority
p170 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1860
The influence of the microbiome on human development, physiology, immunity and nutrition
is almost entirely unknown. A new National Institutes of Health initiative aims to address
this deficit.
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bneb0EP
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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HIV: Hooked on HIV
p171 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1859
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bnec0EQ
Evolution: Selection always hits the bullseye
p172 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1854
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bned0ER
IN BRIEF
Bacterial physiology | Bacterial secretion | Techniques & applications
p172 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1868
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bnee0ES
Biotechnology: Supercharged: the biofilm anode
p173 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1863
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bnef0ET
Environmental microbiology: Breadth as well as depth
p173 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1865
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bneg0EU
Bacterial pathogenesis: Two become one
p174 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1856
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bneh0EV
Symbiosis: The bacteria diet
p174 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1864
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bnei0EW
Cell Biology: Tube travel for HIV?
p175 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1866
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bnej0EX
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NEWS AND ANALYSIS
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GENOME WATCH
Single-cell genomics
Alan Walker and Julian Parkhill
p176 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1862
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bnek0EY
DISEASE WATCH
In the News
p178 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1869
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bnel0EZ
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PROGRESS
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CRISPR - a widespread system that provides acquired resistance against phages in bacteria and archaea
Rotem Sorek, Victor Kunin and Philip Hugenholtz
p181 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1793
CRISPR systems, which are composed of direct repeats that are separated by similarly sized non-repetitive spacers, confer resistance to phages in many bacteria and most archaea. This new antiviral tactic is thought to involve an RNA-interference-like mechanism, and is reviewed in this Progress article.
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bnem0Ea
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bnen0Eb
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REVIEWS
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The evolution of fungal drug resistance: modulating the trajectory from genotype to phenotype
Leah E. Cowen
p187 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1835
Leah Cowen reviews the mechanisms that potentiate the evolution of fungal drug resistance, with an emphasis on the central role of the molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) in altering the relationship between genotype and phenotype in an environmentally contingent manner, which thereby 'sculpts' the course of evolution.
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bneo0Ec
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bnep0Ed
Physiological heterogeneity in biofilms
Philip S. Stewart and Michael J. Franklin
p199 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1838
Stewart and Franklin discuss the processes that generate chemical gradients in biofilms, the genetic and physiological responses of the bacteria as they adapt to these gradients and the techniques that can be used to visualize and measure microscale physiological heterogeneities of bacteria in biofilms.
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bneq0Ee
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bner0Ef
Chromatin control of herpes simplex virus lytic and latent infection
David M. Knipe and Anna Cliffe
p211 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1794
Knipe and Cliffe review the mechanisms that underlie the switch from a lytic to a latent infection in the widespread pathogen herpes simplex virus (HSV). They propose a new model in which an epigenetic switch determines whether a lytic or a latent infection occurs and discuss viral functions that might regulate chromatin assembly on the HSV genome and effect this epigenetic switch.
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bnes0Eg
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bnet0Eh
Membrane lipid homeostasis in bacteria
Yong-Mei Zhang and Charles O. Rock
p222 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1839
Bacteria can precisely adjust their membrane lipid compositions to control the biophysical properties of their membranes, which allows them to thrive in various physical environments. Here, Charles Rock and Yong-Mei Zhang review the biochemical processes that are responsible for bacterial membrane lipid homeostasis.
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bneu0Ei
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bnev0Ej
Inserting proteins into the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane using the Sec and YidC translocases
Kun Xie and Ross E. Dalbey
p234 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1845
The insertion of proteins into the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane is a complex and dynamic process. Sophisticated translocases are responsible for decoding the topogenic sequences within membrane proteins that direct membrane protein insertion and orientation. Here, Xie and Dalbey highlight what is known about the role of the Sec and YidC translocases in the folding and insertion of bacterial membrane proteins.
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bnew0Ek
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bnex0El
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ANALYSIS
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Mesophilic crenarchaeota: proposal for a third archaeal phylum, the Thaumarchaeota
Celine Brochier-Armanet, Bastien Boussau, Simonetta Gribaldo and Patrick Forterre
p245 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro1852
The archaeal domain comprises two phyla, the Euryarchaeota and the Crenarchaeota. Phylogenetic and genomic analyses now show that mesophilic crenarchaeota should not be considered as crenarchaeota. Based on this, the authors advocate the creation of a third archaeal phylum, which they propose to name Thaumarchaeota (from the Greek 'thaumas', meaning wonder).
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bney0Em
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/ejCw0Xztnp0Hje0Bnez0En
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