4 February 2010 Volume 463 Number 7281, pp 587 - 700
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EDITORIALS
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Time for the epigenome p587
The complexity of genetic regulation is one of the great wonders of
nature, but it represents a daunting challenge to unravel. The
International Human Epigenome Consortium is an appropriate response.
doi:10.1038/463587a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=86&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Stand and deliver pp587-588
Science has done well in the proposed US budget. Researchers need to
justify the funding boost.
doi:10.1038/463587b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=94&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Back to books p588
Researchers should be recognized for writing books to convey
and develop science.
doi:10.1038/463588a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=92&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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Evolution: Flower power p590
doi:10.1038/463590a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=60&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Engineering: Sticky when wet p590
doi:10.1038/463590b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=65&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Physics: Plasma pinch p590
doi:10.1038/463590c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=71&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Organic chemistry: Methylene magic p590
doi:10.1038/463590d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=76&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Astrophysics: Starlight versus dark matter pp590-591
doi:10.1038/463590e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=119&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Atmospheric physics: Bolt from the blue p591
doi:10.1038/463591a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=90&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Biochemistry: Chemical gene switch p591
doi:10.1038/463591b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=102&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Evolutionary anthropology: Baby-like bonobos p591
doi:10.1038/463591c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=96&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Imaging: Virus vision p591
doi:10.1038/463591d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=114&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
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JOURNAL CLUB
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Journal club p591
Viola Vogel
doi:10.1038/463591e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=108&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NEWS
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News briefing: 4 February 2010 pp592-593
The week in science
doi:10.1038/463592a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=190&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Obama budget backs basic science pp594-595
Climate and clean energy receive a boost but NASA's Moon mission
bites the dust.
Janet Fang et al.
doi:10.1038/463594a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=232&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
IPCC flooded by criticism pp596-597
Climate body slammed for errors and potential conflicts of interest.
Quirin Schiermeier
doi:10.1038/463596a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=230&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Project set to map marks on genome pp596-597
Consortium sets sights on the differences that make us different.
Alison Abbott
doi:10.1038/463596b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=228&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Biodiversity law could stymie research p598
Tighter rules on accessing and developing genetic resources may be
counterproductive for conservation.
Natasha Gilbert
doi:10.1038/463598a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=226&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
America pushes to overhaul chemical safety law p599
Congress to consider stronger regulation.
Brendan Borrell
doi:10.1038/463599a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=252&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Mars rover Spirit (2003–10) p600
NASA commits robot explorer to her final resting place.
Katharine Sanderson
doi:10.1038/463600a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=146&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
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NEWS FEATURES
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Networking: Four ways to reinvent the Internet pp602-604
The Internet is struggling to keep up with the ever-increasing
demands placed on it.
Katharine Gammon looks at ways to fix it.
doi:10.1038/463602a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=251&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Chemistry: Breaking the billion-hertz barrier pp605-606
Researchers in France have switched on the world's most powerful
nuclear magnetic resonance instrument. Ananyo Bhattacharya asks
whether it will attract new life to NMR spectroscopy.
Ananyo Bhattacharya
doi:10.1038/463605a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=249&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
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COLUMN
----------------------
Better all the time p607
Innovation policies are more likely to be successful if they leverage
existing capabilities, argues Daniel Sarewitz.
doi:10.1038/463607a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=236&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
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CORRESPONDENCE
----------------------
Political instability may be a contributor in the coming decade p608
Peter Turchin
doi:10.1038/463608a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=36&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Could a boom in technologies trap Feynman's simulator? p608
Dietrich Leibfried
doi:10.1038/463608b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=32&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Expanded view of universities would be more realistic p608
Siddharth Dasgupta
doi:10.1038/463608c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=34&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Women: diversity among leaders is there if you look p608
Nancy C. Andrews, Sally Kornbluth and Doug Stokke
doi:10.1038/463608d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=27&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Women: why just one to represent half the workforce? pp608-609
Joan M. Herbers
doi:10.1038/463608e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=30&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
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BOOKS AND ARTS
----------------------
The woman behind HeLa p610
Steve Silberman enjoys a moving account that probes racial and ethical
issues in medicine through the story of the young mother whose death
from cancer led to the first immortal cell line.
Steve Silberman reviews The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks
by Rebecca Skloot
doi:10.1038/463610a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=51&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
In Retrospect: Funes the Memorious p611
When Rodrigo Quian Quiroga visited Jorge Luis Borges's private
library, he found annotated books that bear witness to the
writer's fascination for memory and neuroscience.
Rodrigo Quian Quiroga reviews Funes the Memorious by Jorge Luis Borges
doi:10.1038/463611a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=49&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Q&A: Peter Atkins on writing textbooks p612
The success of Peter Atkins's classic textbook Physical Chemistry
led him to trade research for full-time writing and teaching in
the 1980s. In the first of a series of five interviews with authors
who each write science books for a different audience, Atkins
explains how the rewards for textbooks can be great, but the effort
needed can affect your research.
Nicola Jones
doi:10.1038/463612a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=47&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NEWS AND VIEWS
----------------------
Biogeography: Washed up in Madagascar pp613-614
How, when and from where did Madagascar's unique mammalian fauna
originate? The idea that the ancestors of that fauna rafted from
Africa finds support in innovative simulations of ancient ocean
currents.
David W. Krause
doi:10.1038/463613a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=45&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Photosynthesis: Quantum design for a light trap pp614-615
The photosynthetic apparatus of cryptophyte algae is odd -- its
pigments are farther apart than is expected for efficient
functioning. A study into how this apparatus works so well finds
quantum effects at play.
Rienk van Grondelle and Vladimir I. Novoderezhkin
doi:10.1038/463614a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=41&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Stem cells: Big roles for small RNAs p616
Embryonic stem cells can create copies of themselves, but can also
mature into almost any type of cell in the body. Tiny gene regulators
called microRNAs are now shown to have a role in directing these
properties.
Frank J. Slack
doi:10.1038/463616a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=10&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
50 & 100 years ago p617
doi:10.1038/463617b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=3&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Extrasolar planets: Fluorescent methane spotted pp617-618
The atmospheric properties of distant worlds are becoming increasingly
clear. The latest observations reveal fluorescent emission from methane
in the upper atmosphere of a Jupiter-like extrasolar planet.
Seth Redfield
doi:10.1038/463617a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=5&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Biomaterials: Dew catchers p618
Magdalena Helmer
doi:10.1038/463618a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=21&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Applied physics: Nanothermal trumpets p619
The thermal process known as Joule heating, which often plagues
electronic devices, has been turned to good use: making devices
that can produce sound as well as reproduce music and speech.
Rama Venkatasubramanian
doi:10.1038/463619a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=22&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
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ARTICLES
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Opposing microRNA families regulate self-renewal in mouse embryonic
stem cells pp621-626
The differentiation of an embryonic stem cell (ESC) requires both
suppression of the self-renewal process and activation of the specific
differentiation pathway. The let-7 family of microRNAs (miRNAs) are
now shown to suppress the self-renewal program in cells that are
normally unable to silence this program, whereas introduction of ESC
cell cycle regulating miRNAs blocks the action of let-7. Thus, the
interplay between these two groups of miRNAs dictates cell fate.
Collin Melton, Robert L. Judson and Robert Blelloch
doi:10.1038/nature08725
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=149&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=18&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
An aspartyl protease directs malaria effector proteins to the host cell
pp627-631
To survive and evade host responses, malaria parasites export several
hundred proteins into the host cell on infection. A feature of these
proteins is a conserved, pentameric motif that is cleaved by an unknown
protease before export. This is one of two independent studies
revealing the identity of the protease as plasmepsin V, an aspartic
acid protease located in the endoplasmic reticulum. This enzyme is
essential for parasite viability and is an attractive candidate for
drug development.
Justin A. Boddey et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08728
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=148&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=19&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Plasmepsin V licenses Plasmodium proteins for export into the host
erythrocyte pp632-636
To survive and evade host responses, malaria parasites export several
hundred proteins into the host cell on infection. A feature of these
proteins is a conserved, pentameric motif that is cleaved by an
unknown protease before export. This is one of two independent studies
revealing the identity of the protease as plasmepsin V, an aspartic
acid protease located in the endoplasmic reticulum. This enzyme is
essential for parasite viability and is an attractive candidate for
drug development.
Ilaria Russo et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08726
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=142&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=259&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
LETTERS
----------------------
A ground-based near-infrared emission spectrum of the exoplanet
HD 189733b pp637-639
Infrared spectroscopy can probe the conditions and compositions
of exoplanet atmospheres. Previous results relied on space-based
telescopes that do not provide spectroscopic capability in the
2.4-5.2 [mu]m spectral region. Here, ground-based observations of
the dayside emission spectrum for HD 189733b are reported between
2.0-2.4 [mu]m and 3.1-4.1 [mu]m; an unexpected feature at around
3.25 [mu]m is found that is difficult to explain with models that
assume local thermodynamic equilibrium conditions, and is assigned
to methane.
Mark R. Swain et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08775
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=141&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=264&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Directional water collection on wetted spider silk pp640-643
Many plants and animals make use of biological surfaces with structural
features at the micro- and nanometre-scale that control the interaction
with water. The appearance of dew drops on spider webs is an
illustration of how they are one such material capable of efficiently
collecting water from air. The water-collecting ability of the capture
silk of the Uloborus walckenaerius spider is now shown to be the result
of a unique fibre structure that forms after wetting.
Yongmei Zheng et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08729
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=144&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=261&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Coherently wired light-harvesting in photosynthetic marine algae at
ambient temperature pp644-647
Elisabetta Collini et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08811
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=143&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=234&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Migrating tremors illuminate complex deformation beneath the seismogenic
San Andreas fault pp648-652
Despite extensive study of the San Andreas fault, its physical
character and deformation mode beneath the relatively shallow
earthquake-generating portion remain largely unconstrained. Here,
continuous seismic data from mid-2001 to 2008 is examined, using
an approach that allows differentiation between activities from
nearby patches of the deep fault and begins to unveil rich and
complex patterns of tremor occurrence, in particular, constant
motion of the tremor source.
David R. Shelly
doi:10.1038/nature08755
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=140&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=242&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Mammalian biodiversity on Madagascar controlled by ocean currents
pp653-656
Madagascar has a striking and peculiar fauna. It has been proposed
that the ancestors of Madagascar's present-day mammal stock rafted
there from Africa, but the validity of this hypothesis is questioned.
Using palaeogeographic reconstructions and palaeo-oceanographic
modelling, surface currents during the Palaeogene period are now
shown to have been capable of transporting the animals to the island,
as required by the hypothesis.
Jason R. Ali and Matthew Huber
doi:10.1038/nature08706
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=139&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=245&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Evidence for grid cells in a human memory network pp657-661
Rodents have an orientation map of their surroundings, produced and
updated by a network of neurons in the entorhinal cortex known as
'grid cells'. However, it is currently unknown whether humans encode
their location in a similar manner. Using functional magnetic
resonance imaging in humans, a macroscopic signal representing a
subject's position in a virtual reality environment is now detected
that meets the criteria for defining grid-cell encoding.
Christian F. Doeller, Caswell Barry and Neil Burgess
doi:10.1038/nature08704
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=159&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=212&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Hsp90 prevents phenotypic variation by suppressing the mutagenic
activity of transposons pp662-665
Phenotypic robustness in the face of genetic and environmental
perturbations -- known as canalization -- relies on buffering
mechanisms. Hsp90 chaperone machinery has been proposed to be an
evolutionarily conserved buffering mechanism of phenotypic variance.
Here, an additional, perhaps alternative, mechanism whereby Hsp90
influences phenotypic variation is proposed; Hsp90 mutations can
generate new variation by transposon-mediated mutagenesis.
Valeria Specchia et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08739
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=158&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=207&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Large, rare chromosomal deletions associated with severe early-onset
obesity pp666-670
The contribution of copy number variation to obesity -- a highly
heritable and genetically heterogeneous disorder -- is investigated
in 300 Caucasian patients to reveal that large, rare deletions are
significantly enriched in patients compared to controls. Several rare
copy number variants are identified that are recurrent in patients
but absent or at much lower prevalence in controls.
Elena G. Bochukova et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08689
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=157&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=103&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
A new highly penetrant form of obesity due to deletions on chromosome
16p11.2 pp671-675
Recently, numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms have been identified
as being associated with obesity, but these loci together account for
only a small fraction of the known heritable component. Here, an
association is reported between rare deletions of at least 593 kilobases
at 16p11.2 and a highly penetrant form of obesity. The strategy used of
combining study of extreme phenotypes with targeted follow-up is
promising for identifying missing heritability in obesity.
R. G. Walters et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08727
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=156&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=115&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
TGF-[bgr]-FOXO signalling maintains leukaemia-initiating cells in
chronic myeloid leukaemia pp676-680
Chronic myeloid leukaemia is caused by a BCR-ABL fusion, a constitutively
active tyrosine kinase that, it is believed, leads to suppression of
the forkhead O transcription factors (FOXO). Although the use of the
tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib is a breakthrough for CML therapy,
imatinib does not deplete the leukaemia-initiating cells (LICs) that
drive the recurrence of CML. Foxo3a is now shown to have an essential
role in the maintenance of CML LICs in a mouse model.
Kazuhito Naka et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08734
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=155&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=112&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Multiple native states reveal persistent ruggedness of an RNA folding
landscape pp681-684
The 'thermodynamic hypothesis' proposes that the sequence of a
biological macromolecule defines its folded, active structure as a
global energy minimum in the folding landscape; however, it is not
clear whether there is only one global minimum or several local
minima corresponding to active conformations. Here, using
single-molecule experiments, an RNA enzyme is shown to fold into
multiple distinct native states that interconvert.
Sergey V. Solomatin, Max Greenfeld, Steven Chu and Daniel Herschlag
doi:10.1038/nature08717
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=153&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=58&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Experimental evidence for a frustrated energy landscape in a
three-helix-bundle protein family pp685-688
The primary sequence of a protein defines its free-energy landscape
and thus determines the rate constants of folding and unfolding,
with theory suggesting that roughness in the energy landscape leads
to slower folding. However, obtaining experimental descriptions of
this landscape is challenging. Landscape roughness is now shown to
be responsible for the slower folding and unfolding times observed
in the R16 and R17 domains of [alpha]-spectrin relative to the
similar R15 domain.
Beth G. Wensley et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08743
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=152&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=66&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Structure of the amantadine binding site of influenza M2 proton channels
in lipid bilayers pp689-692
The antiviral drugs amantadine and rimantadine target the M2 protein of
influenza A virus, making an understanding of its structure important
for the study of drug resistance. The results of a recent crystal
structure of M2 differ from those of a solution NMR structure with
regards to binding of these drugs, indicating a different mechanism
of inhibition in each case. Here, using solid-state NMR spectroscopy,
two different amantadine-binding sites are shown to exist in the
phospholipid bilayers of M2.
Sarah D. Cady et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08722
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=151&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=161&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NATUREJOBS
----------------------
Careers Q&A
Eric Barron p695
The former director of the National Center for Atmospheric Research
(NCAR) in Boulder, Colorado, Eric Barron is the new president of
Florida State University in Tallahassee.
Karen Kaplan
doi:10.1038/nj7281-695a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=125&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
In Brief
Institute gets gift windfall p695
Philanthropist's gift will yield 300 research and lab-support jobs.
doi:10.1038/nj7281-695b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=128&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
In Brief
Boost for brain research p695
Fellowship aims to boost collaborative research at European academic
institutions and industrial labs.
doi:10.1038/nj7281-695c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=126&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
In Brief
Plug-and-play DNA p695
Bioengineering lab is hiring 29 scientists and engineers to develop
synthetic biology 'parts'.
doi:10.1038/nj7281-695d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=136&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Careers and Recruitment
A foot in the door p696
A postdoctoral application should present a person's best scientific
self on paper. Kendall Powell demystifies why some applicants shine
and others miss the mark.
Kendall Powell
doi:10.1038/nj7281-696a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=133&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
FUTURES
----------------------
Jenna's clocks p700
Get connected!
T. F. Davenport
doi:10.1038/463700a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=164&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
Advance Online Publication
----------------------
03 February 2010
CHD7 cooperates with PBAF to control multipotent neural crest formation
Ruchi Bajpai et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08733
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=165&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=165&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
RAF inhibitors prime wild-type RAF to activate the MAPK pathway and
enhance growth
Georgia Hatzivassiliou et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08833
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=170&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=170&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Odorant reception in the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae
Allison F. Carey et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08834
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=193&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=193&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
31 January 2010
Ancient animal microRNAs and the evolution of tissue identity
Foteini Christodoulou et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08744
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=184&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=184&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Non-random decay of chordate characters causes bias in fossil
interpretation
Robert S. Sansom, Sarah E. Gabbott and Mark A. Purnell
doi:10.1038/nature08745
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=189&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=189&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Retroviral intasome assembly and inhibition of DNA strand transfer
Stephen Hare et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08784
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=147&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=147&m=34602524&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjY4MTM1NjES1&mt=1&rt=0
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