5 November 2009 Volume 462 Number 7269, pp 11 - 126
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2009. The Kavli Prize honors scientists for their outstanding research
& seminal advances in astrophysics, nanoscience & neuroscience. A prize
in each field consists of a scroll, medal & cash award of US $1 million.
Prize recipients will be announced in 2010. For more information:
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Nature celebrates a birthday
This week�s issue marks 140 years since Nature launched on 4 November
1869. A special two-page miscellany celebrates the journal�s history,
offering a selection of content from that first issue and from
equivalent issues every twenty years between then and now.
Access the miscellany.
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And the editorial free online.
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The first issue of Nature is freely available online here
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archives can be found on the History of Nature website:
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EDITORIALS
----------------------
On the road to REDD p11
An emissions trading scheme gives forests a market value on the
basis of how much carbon they sequester. It could help to control
global warming -- if developing nations meet their responsibilities.
doi:10.1038/462011a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=112&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
A drug-induced low pp11-12
The sacking of a government adviser on drugs shows Britain's
politicians can't cope with intelligent debate.
doi:10.1038/462011b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=110&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
140 years on p12
Nature's birthday offers an occasion to reflect on the past and
look to the future.
doi:10.1038/462012a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=111&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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Materials science: Brass eye p14
doi:10.1038/462014a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=76&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Animal behaviour: Fruit-bat fellatio p14
doi:10.1038/462014b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=80&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Climate: Aerosols overlooked p14
doi:10.1038/462014c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=86&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Planetary science: Jet setting p14
doi:10.1038/462014d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=91&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Neuroscience: Bridging the gap p14
doi:10.1038/462014e
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Evolutionary genetics: Mutation elevation pp14-15
doi:10.1038/462014f
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Moon matters: Lunar hideaway p15
doi:10.1038/462015a
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Neurology: Impossible movements p15
doi:10.1038/462015b
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Animal behaviour: Deep sleep p15
doi:10.1038/462015c
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Ecology: Boom and bust p15
doi:10.1038/462015d
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Correction p15
doi:10.1038/462015e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=53&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
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JOURNAL CLUB
----------------------
Journal club p15
Jan Zaanen
doi:10.1038/462015f
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=48&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NEWS
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News briefing: 5 November 2009 pp16-17
The week in science
doi:10.1038/462016a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=194&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Brazil mulls major climate action p18
If adopted, the move would put the country ahead of other developing
nations on emissions curbs.
Jeff Tollefson
doi:10.1038/462018a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=143&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Initiative targets malaria eradication p19
Focus shifts to blocking parasite transmission.
Declan Butler
doi:10.1038/462017a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=146&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Children's study fights to survive pp20-21
US politicians, once supportive of a massive research project on
childhood health, are now criticizing it.
Meredith Wadman
doi:10.1038/462020a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=15&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
10,000 genomes to come p21
Vertebrates in line for massive sequencing project.
Erika Check Hayden
doi:10.1038/462021a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=156&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
California stem-cell grants awarded p22
First major round of research targeted at therapies takes off.
Erika Check Hayden
doi:10.1038/462022a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=34&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Dark-matter test faces obstacles p23
Access to crystals may hamper bid to repeat experiment.
Geoff Brumfiel
doi:10.1038/462023a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=32&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Science favoured by German coalition p24
Budgets set to double as new government backs previous spending
commitments.
Alison Abbott
doi:10.1038/462024a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=38&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
COLUMN
----------------------
In which we say goodbye p25
Our departing columnist David Goldston reflects on some
misconceptions about science and politics.
David Goldston
doi:10.1038/462025a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=36&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NEWS FEATURES
----------------------
Carbon trading: How to save a forest pp26-29
Projects in Madagascar could provide a model for stemming deforestation.
But first these efforts must deal with the poverty and political
upheaval that threaten forests, reports Anjali Nayar.
Anjali Nayar
doi:10.1038/462026a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=16&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Conservation biology: Reflecting the past pp30-32
Unsatisfied with merely halting environmental destruction, some
conservationists are trying to reconstruct ecosystems of the past.
Emma Marris travels back in time with the rewilders.
doi:10.1038/462030a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=13&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
CORRESPONDENCE
----------------------
Sharing: lessons from natural history's success story p34
Robert Guralnick et al.
doi:10.1038/462034a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=50&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
No final answers yet on sex determination in birds p34
Asato Kuroiwa
doi:10.1038/462034b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=43&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Toxicity testing by category for 30,000 chemicals? p34
Kees van Leeuwen and Gerwin Schaafsma
doi:10.1038/462034c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=46&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Authors beware, and protect your online identity pp34-35
Irene Hames
doi:10.1038/462034d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=64&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
NICE should value real experiences over hypothetical opinions p35
Paul Dolan
doi:10.1038/462035a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=62&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Eastern European science stuck in an outmoded system p35
Gregor Majdic
doi:10.1038/462035b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=60&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Research into group differences isn't wrong, just pointless p35
Steven Rose
doi:10.1038/462035c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=58&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
OPINION
----------------------
Global Darwin: Contempt for competition pp36-37
Darwin's idea of the 'struggle for existence' struck a chord with his
fellow countrymen. But Russians rejected the alien metaphor, says
Daniel Todes, in the second of four weekly pieces on reactions to
evolutionary theory.
Daniel Todes
doi:10.1038/462036a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=57&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
BOOKS AND ARTS
----------------------
Amphibian mystery misread pp38-39
A book blaming a fungus for the disappearance of amphibians from
wild places wrongly downplays the role of environmental change,
warn Alan Pounds and Karen Masters.
J. Alan Pounds and Karen L. Masters review Extinction in Our Times:
Global Amphibian Decline by James P. Collins and Martha L. Crump
doi:10.1038/462038a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=9&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Newton and the money men pp39-40
Robert Iliffe reviews Newton and the Counterfeiter: The Unknown
Detective Career of the World's Greatest Scientist by Thomas Levenson
doi:10.1038/462039a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=11&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Florence's observatory restored p40
Alison Abbott reviews Torrino della Specola
doi:10.1038/462040a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=3&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NEWS AND VIEWS
----------------------
Immunology: In the beginning pp41-42
Immune cells cross the inflamed blood-brain barrier. But it's unclear
how brain inflammation begins before immune-cell entry. Studies of a
model of multiple sclerosis start to solve this 'chicken and egg'
conundrum.
Richard M. Ransohoff
doi:10.1038/462041a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=5&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Earth science: Lasting earthquake legacy pp42-43
Earthquakes occur within continental tectonic plates as well as at
plate boundaries. Do clusters of such mid-plate events constitute
zones of continuing hazard, or are they aftershocks of long-past
earthquakes?
Tom Parsons
doi:10.1038/462042a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=26&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cancer: A tumour gene's fatal flaws pp44-45
Mutations in RAS genes are common in human tumours, but RAS has proved
impossible to target with drugs. Its associated NF-[kappa]B signalling
pathway, however, may turn out to be this tumour gene's Achilles heel.
Julian Downward
doi:10.1038/462044a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=27&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Materials science: Soft is strong pp45-46
The mechanisms that govern the rate at which glasses soften on heating
have long been a mystery. The finding that colloids can mimic the full
range of glass-softening behaviours offers a fresh take on the problem.
C. Austen Angell and Kazuhide Ueno
doi:10.1038/462045a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=23&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Genetics: Crossover control in two steps pp46-47
During meiotic cell division, chromosome pairs exchange genetic
material in a tightly controlled crossover process. Higher-order
chromosome structure may regulate this genetic reshuffling at two
distinct stages of meiosis.
Yonatan B. Tzur and Monica P. Colaiacovo
doi:10.1038/462046a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=24&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
140th Birthday miscellany pp48-49
With this issue, it is 140 years since Nature first appeared on 4
November 1869. To mark the anniversary, these two pages offer a
miscellany from that issue and from 1889, 1909, 1929, 1949, 1969
and 1989.
doi:10.1038/462048a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=104&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
REVIEW
----------------------
Cooperation between non-kin in animal societies pp51-57
Tim Clutton-Brock
doi:10.1038/nature08366
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=223&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=276&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
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ARTICLES
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An oestrogen-receptor-[agr]-bound human chromatin interactome pp58-64
Many transcription factors bind to regulatory DNA elements that are
distant from gene promoters. These distal binding sites are thought
to regulate transcription through long-range chromatin interactions,
but, until now, the impact of chromatin interactions on transcription
regulation has not been investigated in a genome-wide manner. A new
strategy -- chromatin interaction analysis by paired-end tag
sequencing -- is now described for the de novo detection of global
chromatin interactions.
Melissa J. Fullwood et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08497
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=222&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=280&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Combinatorial binding predicts spatio-temporal cis-regulatory activity
pp65-70
The precise patterns of gene expression required for development are
primarily controlled by transcription factors binding to cis-regulatory
modules; however, decoding this regulatory landscape remains challenging.
Here, a novel approach is used to predict spatio-temporal cis-regulatory
activity based only on in vivo transcription factor binding and enhancer
activity data, and is then applied to Drosophila mesoderm development.
Robert P. Zinzen et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08531
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=182&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=262&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
=========================== ADVERTISEMENT ===========================
Royal Society medals and awards - nominations open
2010 marks the Royal Society's 350th anniversary. Our medals, awards
and prize lectureships provide an opportunity to celebrate outstanding
scientific achievement and so in 2010 we plan to award all our medals
as a special celebration in the Society's anniversary year.
For more information please see http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=69&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
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LETTERS
----------------------
A neutron star with a carbon atmosphere in the Cassiopeia A supernova
remnant pp71-73
The surface of hot neutron stars is known to be covered by a thin
atmosphere but observations have been unable to confirm the atmospheric
composition of isolated neutron stars. An analysis of archival
observations of the compact X-ray source in the centre of the Cassiopeia
A supernova remnant now reveals that an extremely young carbon-atmosphere
neutron star (with low magnetic field) produces a good fit to the spectrum.
Wynn C. G. Ho and Craig O. Heinke
doi:10.1038/nature08525
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=181&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=266&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
A quantum gas microscope for detecting single atoms in a Hubbard-regime
optical lattice pp74-77
There are two different approaches for creating complex atomic many-body
quantum systems -- the macroscopic and the microscopic -- which have,
until now, been fairly disconnected. A quantum gas 'microscope' is now
demonstrated that bridges the two approaches and can be used to detect
single atoms held in a Hubbard-regime optical lattice. This quantum gas
microscope may enable addressing and read-out of large-scale quantum
information systems based on ultracold atoms.
Waseem S. Bakr et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08482
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=184&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=269&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Optomechanical crystals pp78-82
In a photonic crystal, the periodicity of the host medium is used to
manipulate the properties of light, whereas in a phononic crystal it
is mechanical vibrations that are subject to such control. Here, a
structure that acts as both a photonic and phononic crystal -- an
'optomechanical' crystal -- is described; the strong coupling between
photons and phonons realized in this structure should find application
in a host of sensing and communication technologies.
Matt Eichenfield et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08524
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=183&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=246&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Soft colloids make strong glasses pp83-86
Glasses can be divided into fragile or strong, depending on whether
they show a marked dependence of their relaxation time with temperature
when approaching the glass transition. Although colloidal particles
have previously been found to produce only fragile glasses, here it is
shown that deformable colloidal particles exhibit the same variation in
fragility as that observed in molecular liquids. Colloids are easy to
study, so this model should provide new insight into glass formation in
molecular systems.
Johan Mattsson et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08457
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=178&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=242&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Long aftershock sequences within continents and implications for
earthquake hazard assessment pp87-89
Within plate interiors, assessments of earthquake hazards rely
heavily on the assumption that the locations of the few recorded
small earthquakes reflect continuing deformation that will cause
future large earthquakes. Here, however, a simple model shows that
many of these recent earthquakes are probably aftershocks of large
earthquakes that occurred hundreds of years ago, causing earthquake
prediction to overestimate hazard in presently active areas, and
underestimate it elsewhere.
Seth Stein and Mian Liu
doi:10.1038/nature08502
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=177&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=119&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Experimental evolution of bet hedging pp90-93
In the face of fluctuating environmental conditions, bet hedging
-- stochastic switching between phenotypes -- can be an advantageous
strategy. But how does bet hedging evolve? The de novo evolution of
bet hedging in experimental bacterial populations subjected to an
environment that continually favoured new phenotypic states is now
reported. The findings suggest that risk-spreading strategies may
have been among the earliest evolutionary solutions to life in
fluctuating environments.
Hubertus J. E. Beaumont et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08504
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=180&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=116&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Effector T cell interactions with meningeal vascular structures in
nascent autoimmune CNS lesions pp94-98
The tissues of the central nervous system are shielded from the blood
circulation by specialized vessels, impermeable to cells and most
circulating macromolecules. Despite this, central nervous system
tissues are subject to immune surveillance and are vulnerable to
autoimmune attack. Here, intravital two-photon imaging is used to
observe, in real-time, the interactive processes between effector
T cells and cerebral structures leading to an experimental rat model
of autoimmune encephalitis.
Ingo Bartholomaus et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08478
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=179&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=129&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
HMGB proteins function as universal sentinels for nucleic-acid-mediated
innate immune responses pp99-103
Activation of innate immune responses by nucleic acids is crucial to
protective and pathological immunities. This activation is known to
be mediated by transmembrane Toll-like receptors and cytosolic
receptors; however, it remains unclear whether a mechanism exists that
integrates these two nucleic-acid-sensing systems. High-mobility group
box (HMGB) proteins 1, 2 and 3 are now shown to function as universal
sentinels for nucleic-acid-mediated innate immune responses.
Hideyuki Yanai et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08512
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=176&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=74&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Requirement for NF-[kgr]B signalling in a mouse model of lung
adenocarcinoma pp104-107
NF-[kappa]B transcription factors have been implicated in cellular
transformation and tumorigenesis, but despite extensive biochemical
characterization of NF-[kappa]B signalling, its requirement in tumour
development is not completely understood. Here, the NF-[kappa]B
pathway is shown to be required for the development of tumours in a
mouse model of lung adenocarcinoma in a p53-status-dependent manner,
providing support for the development of NF-[kappa]B inhibitory drugs
as targeted therapies.
Etienne Meylan et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08462
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=175&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=82&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Systematic RNA interference reveals that oncogenic KRAS-driven cancers
require TBK1 pp108-112
KRAS is a proto-oncogene that is mutated in a wide variety of human
cancers. Although this makes KRAS an obvious candidate for the
development of targeted therapies, it has so far remained refractory
to this approach. Systematic RNA interference is now used to detect
synthetic lethal partners of oncogenic KRAS, revealing that TBK1 and
NF-[kappa]B signalling are essential in KRAS mutant tumours. This may
provide an alternative approach for targeting KRAS therapeutically.
David A. Barbie et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08460
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=191&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=90&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Rationally tuning the reduction potential of a single cupredoxin beyond
the natural range pp113-116
Redox processes, which are at the heart of numerous functions in
chemistry and biology, are accomplished in nature by only a limited
number of redox-active agents. A long-standing issue is how redox
potentials are fine-tuned over a broad range with little change to
the redox-active site or electron-transfer properties. Here it is
shown that two important secondary coordination sphere interactions,
hydrophobicity and hydrogen-bonding, are capable of tuning the
reduction potential of a single cupredoxin over a 700 mV range.
Nicholas M. Marshall et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08551
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=190&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=205&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Structural basis of inter-protein electron transfer for nitrite
reduction in denitrification pp117-120
Anthropogenic addition of bio-available nitrogen to the global nitrogen
cycle has led to a host of environmental problems. Copper-containing
nitrite reductase (CuNIR) is a key enzyme in the process of
denitrification by catalysing the one-electron reduction of nitrite to
nitric oxide, but details of the mechanism of the electron-transfer
reaction are still unknown. Here, the high-resolution crystal structure
of the electron-transfer complex for CuNIR is presented and analysed.
Masaki Nojiri et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08507
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=189&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=198&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NATUREJOBS
----------------------
Prospects
Career resilience p122
It's not enough to be an expert on a specific topic. Today's scientists
also need to be able to apply their knowledge, argues Peter Fiske.
Peter Fiske
doi:10.1038/nj7269-122a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=145&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
News
Networking in VIVO p123
An interdisciplinary networking site for scientists.
Virginia Gewin
doi:10.1038/nj7269-123a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=164&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Postdoc journal
The career less travelled p123
Chance plays an important part in our career decisions.
Sam Walcott
doi:10.1038/nj7269-123b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=162&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
In Brief
Academic benefits p123
Retirement benefits and perks figure in survey rankings.
doi:10.1038/nj7269-123c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=172&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
In Brief
Topping out p123
Top students abandon US pipeline for science, technology, engineering
and medicine.
doi:10.1038/nj7269-123d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=170&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
In Brief
Changes planned for ERC p123
European Research Council reorganizes its structure and management.
doi:10.1038/nj7269-123e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=167&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
FUTURES
----------------------
Clear proof p126
The final demonstration of the failure of cold fusion.
Jeff Hecht
doi:10.1038/462126a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=199&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
Advance Online Publication
----------------------
01 November 2009
Predicting new molecular targets for known drugs
Michael J. Keiser et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08506
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=228&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=228&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
A connection between star formation activity and cosmic rays in the
starburst galaxy M82
The VERITAS Collaboration
doi:10.1038/nature08557
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=220&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=220&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Observation of the fractional quantum Hall effect in graphene
Kirill I. Bolotin et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08582
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=217&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=217&m=34345252&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NjA0NTIyOTAS1&mt=1&rt=0
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