October 2009 Volume 5 Number 10
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Cellular & Molecular Immunology
published by NPG in 2010
Cellular & Molecular Immunology (CMI) is the official journal of the
Chinese Society of Immunology (CSI) and the University of Science and
Technology of China (USTC). Published bimonthly, CMI covers both basic
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Explore all that Cellular & Molecular Immunology has to offer today.
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"Officially endorsed by the Asia Pacific League of Associations for
Rheumatology"
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EDITORIAL
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Are new agents needed to treat RA?
Peter E. Lipsky
p521 | doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2009.197
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=24&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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Inflammatory myopathies: Polymyositis therapy: is there a place for IL-6
blockade?
p523 | doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2009.187
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=22&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
Therapy: A role for TIARP in TNF-dependent arthritis
p524 | doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2009.186
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=20&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
Adiponectin levels and TNF blockade
p524 | doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2009.191
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=17&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
Genetics: New genetic link to disease severity in RA
p525 | doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2009.189
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=27&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
Imaging: Is it worth using ultrasonography to guide injections?
p525 | doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2009.190
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=92&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
Prodrug targeting PI3K shows therapeutic potential
p526 | doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2009.188
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=90&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
Extract of thunder god vine root ameliorates inflammation in patients
with RA
p526 | doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2009.192
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=88&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
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NEWS AND VIEWS
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Epidemiology: Knee injuries in female athletes
Roger Wolman
p527 | doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2009.194
Why are female athletes more susceptible to knee ligament injuries than
male athletes performing the same activities? Several theories have been
put forward to explain this phenomenon.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=85&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
Therapy: Rituximab and PML risk-informed decisions needed!
Leonard H. Calabrese and Eamonn S. Molloy
p528 | doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2009.193
A rare but often fatal viral disease has been reported in a number of
patients treated with rituximab, but how the risk of this complication
should affect prescription practices demands consideration of several
important factors.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=83&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
Inflammation: Canakinumab for the cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes
Sinisa Savic and Michael F. McDermott
p529 | doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2009.195
Biologic therapies that target interleukin (IL)-1 are known to dramatically
improve symptoms of a group of rare, heritable chronic inflammatory
diseases. The results of a phase III trial confirm the place of canakinumab
in the treatment arsenal for these disorders.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=25&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
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Focus on: The future of therapy for rheumatoid arthritis
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REVIEWS
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Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: state of the art 2009
Ronald F. van Vollenhoven
p531 | doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2009.182
The therapeutic options for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have
changed dramatically over the past two decades, as discussed in this
Review. The current landscape of RA therapy in terms of available
therapeutics is described, and accepted principles of RA management and
some important controversies in this field are outlined.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=42&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=32&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
Promising bone-related therapeutic targets for rheumatoid arthritis
Yongwon Choi, Joseph R. Arron and Michael J. Townsend
p543 | doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2009.175
Current therapies for RA focus on inhibition of synovitis, but do not
adequately repair the bone damage that results from the imbalance of
the osteoblast-osteoclast axis. Targeting key molecules involved in
osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis might reduce bone destruction
and enhance repair of erosions in this disease.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=41&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=35&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
IL-17 as a future therapeutic target for rheumatoid arthritis
Wim B. van den Berg and Pierre Miossec
p549 | doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2009.179
Interleukin-17 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory
arthritis. Evidence from animal models and preliminary results from
trials in human disease highlight the emergence of this proinflammatory
cytokine as a target for RA therapy.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=40&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=4&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
G-CSF and GM-CSF as therapeutic targets in rheumatoid arthritis
Ann L. Cornish, Ian K. Campbell, Brent S. McKenzie, Simon Chatfield and
Ian P. Wicks
p554 | doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2009.178
G-CSF and GM-CSF are well-known regulators of hematopoiesis, but these
cytokines also have proinflammatory activity and are expressed in the
joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Antagonism of G-CSF or
GM-CSF might represent a novel, safe and effective way of treating
this disease.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=38&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=9&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
Regulatory T cells as therapeutic targets in rheumatoid arthritis
Jonathan H. Esensten, David Wofsy and Jeffrey A. Bluestone
p560 | doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2009.183
Regulatory T cells are critically involved in immune homeostasis. Several
established and experimental treatments for RA might work via effects
on regulatory T cells. This Review discusses the potential benefits and
pitfalls of targeting these cells to control autoimmunity.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=39&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=7&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
Dendritic cells as targets for therapy in rheumatoid arthritis
Shaukat Khan, Jeffrey D. Greenberg and Nina Bhardwaj
p566 | doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2009.185
Dendritic cells have a crucial role in inducing immunity and mediating
immune tolerance. Current biologic therapies for RA target some of the
cytokine products of dendritic cells, whereas emerging therapies are
aimed at exploiting their tolerogenic capacity.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=47&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=11&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
CD19: a promising B cell target for rheumatoid arthritis
Thomas F. Tedder
p572 | doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2009.184
Monoclonal antibodies directed against CD20 have emerged as an effective
therapy for RA. Using this approach to target CD19 could provide a greater
breadth of B-cell depletion with additional therapeutic benefits.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=48&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=55&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
Anti-TNF biologic agents: still the therapy of choice for rheumatoid
arthritis
Peter C. Taylor and Marc Feldmann
p578 | doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2009.181
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is expressed at high levels in synovial
tissue from patients with RA. Through preclinical studies, animal model
studies and human trials, this cytokine was the first to be fully
validated as a therapeutic target for RA. Several approaches to blocking
TNF have been developed, demonstrating considerable benefit in most of
the patients treated.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=45&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=62&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
Rejuvenating the immune system in rheumatoid arthritis
Cornelia M. Weyand, Hiroshi Fujii, Lan Shao and Jorg J. Goronzy
p583 | doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2009.180
Premature aging of the immune system, driven by defective DNA maintenance
and repair, could be responsible for the pathogenesis of RA. The authors
discuss the phenomenon of premature immunosenescence in RA, and suggest
that 'resetting' the immune system could be a novel therapeutic concept.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=46&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=59&m=34126012&r=MTc2NDQ4MTc5OAS2&b=2&j=NTg5NjIzNzYS1&mt=1&rt=0
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