22 October 2009 Volume 461 Number 7267, pp 1027 - 1162
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EDITORIALS
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Climate of compromise pp1027-1028
The chances of a strong treaty emerging from the United Nations
climate talks in Copenhagen seem small, but recent progress offers
hope.
doi:10.1038/4611027a
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Russia's grand plan p1028
The creation of a second pillar of excellence will give the country
a chance to regain its scientific stature.
doi:10.1038/4611028a
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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Behaviour: Dislikeable likeness p1030
doi:10.1038/4611030a
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Bionanosensing: Picky chips p1030
doi:10.1038/4611030b
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Atmospheric science: Fire down under p1030
doi:10.1038/4611030c
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Biochemistry: Hungry circadian clock p1030
doi:10.1038/4611030d
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Physics: Stars in a pellet p1030
doi:10.1038/4611030e
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Cell biology: Golgi stretch pp1030-1031
doi:10.1038/4611030f
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Cancer biology: Metastatic mayhem p1031
doi:10.1038/4611031a
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Immunology: Gut response p1031
doi:10.1038/4611031b
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Ecology: Digging diversity p1031
doi:10.1038/4611031c
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Palaeontology: Transition fossil p1031
doi:10.1038/4611031d
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JOURNAL CLUB
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Journal club p1031
Corinne Le Quere
doi:10.1038/4611031e
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NEWS
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News briefing: 22 October 2009 pp1032-1033
The week in science.
doi:10.1038/4611032a
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Time running out for climate talks pp1034-1035
Rift between developed and developing nations might be too great.
Jeff Tollefson
doi:10.1038/4611034a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=143&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Hwang verdict imminent p1035
Disgraced stem-cell researcher may face time in jail.
David Cyranoski
doi:10.1038/4611035a
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High hopes for Russia's nanotech firms pp1036-1037
But an ambitious government initiative has been slow to incubate a
domestic high-tech industry.
Quirin Schiermeier
doi:10.1038/4611036a
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Hazy goals hold up conservation p1037
Lack of targets hampers efforts to save species.
Linda Nordling
doi:10.1038/4611037a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=153&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Europe's Galileo project gains ground p1039
Long-troubled satellite-navigation system receives formal backing
from European Commission president.
Katharine Sanderson
doi:10.1038/4611039a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=35&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Fossil primate challenges Ida's place p1040
Controversial German specimen is related to lemurs, not humans,
analysis of an Egyptian find suggests.
Rex Dalton
doi:10.1038/4611040a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=33&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Announcement p1040
doi:10.1038/4611040b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=39&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Transgenic aubergine put on ice p1041
Indian minister delays approval of GM crop.
K. S. Jayaraman
doi:10.1038/4611041a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=37&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Correction p1041
doi:10.1038/4611041b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=42&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
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NEWS FEATURES
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Climate: When the ice melts pp1042-1046
Deep in the Himalayas, the disappearance of glaciers is threatening
the kingdom of Bhutan. Anjali Nayar trekked through the mountains
to see how the country is adapting to a warming world.
Anjali Nayar
doi:10.1038/4611042a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=13&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Climate: Counting carbon in the Amazon pp1048-1052
If the next climate treaty tackles deforestation, tropical nations
will need to monitor the biomass of their forests. One ecologist
has worked out a way to do that from the sky, finds Jeff Tollefson.
Jeff Tollefson
doi:10.1038/4611048a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=15&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
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CORRESPONDENCE
----------------------
Sharing: project will make climate data freely available to all p1053
Don Gunasekera
doi:10.1038/4611053a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=52&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Sharing: public databases combat mistrust and secrecy p1053
Andrew A. Farke, Michael P. Taylor and Mathew J. Wedel
doi:10.1038/4611053b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=48&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Sharing: guidelines go one step forwards, two steps back p1053
Jelte Wicherts and Marjan Bakker
doi:10.1038/4611053c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=50&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
UK red tape as sticky as the US version for would-be students p1053
Colin Stoneking
doi:10.1038/4611053d
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OPINION
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India pushes for common responsibility p1054
Rajendra K. Pachauri says that India wants to be a constructive
partner in Copenhagen negotiations on climate change. The country
is taking domestic action even though it cannot accept mandatory
emissions limits.
Rajendra K. Pachauri
doi:10.1038/4611054a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=46&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
China expects leadership from rich nations p1055
Greater emissions cuts by developed nations are the starting point
for a successful climate deal at Copenhagen in December
says Jiahua Pan.
doi:10.1038/4611055a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=67&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Copenhagen needs a strong lead negotiator pp1056-1057
Reaching an international climate agreement requires someone with
exceptional skill, knowledge and diplomacy, says Kyoto chair
Raul Estrada-Oyuela.
doi:10.1038/4611056a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=65&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
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BOOKS AND ARTS
----------------------
Conveying the campaign message pp1058-1059
The arts and advertising can galvanise public and political will in
tackling global warming. But shared concern for human health is a
better motivator than polar bears, finds Sanjay Khanna.
doi:10.1038/4611058a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=63&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Q&A: The science of persuasion p1059
Psychologist Robert Gifford is co-author of a recent American
Psychological Association report that examined the interface
between psychology and climate change. He explains what makes
people receptive and how to get messages about climate science
across effectively.
Sanjay Khanna
doi:10.1038/4611059a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=61&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Climate books with clout p1060
David Reay examines the evolution of books about global warming and
highlights those that have had most influence on public perceptions.
David Reay
doi:10.1038/4611060a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=59&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Q&A: Architect of a sustainable future p1061
German architect Albert Speer Jr is a pioneer of sustainable building
and city planning whose firm has designed ecological communities from
Cologne in Germany to Shanghai in China. With the publication of a
new book setting out his philosophy, he explains why we should take a
more holistic approach to urban development.
John Whitfield reviews Albert Speer & Partner: A Manifesto for
Sustainable Cities by Jeremy Gaines and Stefan Jager
doi:10.1038/4611061a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=8&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
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NEWS AND VIEWS
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Chemical physics: Molecular conformations fielded pp1063-1064
Studies of molecular dynamics can be foiled by the presence of
stereoisomers -- molecules that have the same bond sequence
arranged in different geometries. This problem has now been
deflected.
Albert Stolow
doi:10.1038/4611063a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=10&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Solar System: Saturn's colossal ring pp1064-1065
A hitherto undetected disk of debris around Saturn is the largest
ever found to be orbiting a planet. This ring may hold the key to
one of the most enigmatic landscapes in the Solar System.
Matthew S. Tiscareno and Matthew M. Hedman
doi:10.1038/4611064a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=2&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Climate change: Early survival of Antarctic ice pp1065-1066
Analyses of boron isotopes in ancient marine carbonate sediments
provide an enlightening perspective on the links between carbon
dioxide and ice-cap cover at a climatically momentous time in
Earth's history.
Damien Lemarchand
doi:10.1038/4611065a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=5&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Ecology: Kelp in postglacial time p1066
Tim Lincoln
doi:10.1038/4611066a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=26&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Molecular biology: Slip sliding on DNA pp1067-1068
Dedicated binding proteins stabilize single-stranded DNA, protecting
it from breakage and distortion. Once thought to form inert complexes
with DNA, such proteins are now shown to be remarkably mobile.
Nicholas P. George and James L. Keck
doi:10.1038/4611067a
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50 & 100 years ago p1068
doi:10.1038/4611068b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=21&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Biochemistry: Enzyme's black box cracked open pp1068-1069
Polyketide synthase enzymes make compounds from molecules that
synthetic chemists can't easily control. The basis of the enzymes'
ability to use such unstable precursors has been laid bare.
David H. Sherman
doi:10.1038/4611068a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=19&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Microscopy: Light from the dark pp1069-1070
Fluorescence microscopy is the most popular way to image biomolecules,
but it leaves many of them in the dark. Non-fluorescent, light-absorbing
molecules can now be viewed by a method that turns them into mini-lasers.
Stefan W. Hell and Eva Rittweger
doi:10.1038/4611069a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=295&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
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BRIEF COMMUNICATIONS ARISING
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Silk production from tarantula feet questioned pE9
Fernando Perez-Miles, Alejandra Panzera, David Ortiz-Villatoro and
Cintya Perdomo
doi:10.1038/nature08404
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=280&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
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Gorb et al. reply ppE9-E10
Stanislav N. Gorb et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08405
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=282&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
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REVIEW
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The DNA-damage response in human biology and disease pp1071-1078
Stephen P. Jackson and Jiri Bartek
doi:10.1038/nature08467
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=284&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
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ARTICLES
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A role for a neo-sex chromosome in stickleback speciation pp1079-1083
Closely related species often have different sex-chromosome systems,
but it is not known whether sex-chromosome turnover contributes to
the evolution of reproductive isolation between species. Here, a
neo-sex chromosome is identified in only one member of a sympatric
species pair of stickleback fish in Japan. The newly evolved sex
chromosome is found to contain genes that contribute to speciation,
suggesting that sex-chromosome turnover might have a greater role in
speciation than was previously appreciated.
Jun Kitano et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08441
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=286&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=277&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Pten in stromal fibroblasts suppresses mammary epithelial tumours
pp1084-1091
The tumour microenvironment has an important role in tumorigenesis.
Here, the genetic inactivation of Pten in stromal fibroblasts of
mouse mammary glands is shown to accelerate the initiation,
progression and malignant transformation of mammary epithelial tumours.
The data presented suggest that the Pten-Ets2 axis -- Ets2 being a
transcription factor activated by the loss of Pten -- is a critical
stroma-specific signalling pathway that suppresses mammary epithelial
tumours.
Anthony J. Trimboli et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08486
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=288&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=285&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
SSB protein diffusion on single-stranded DNA stimulates RecA filament
formation pp1092-1097
During DNA metabolism, single-stranded DNA intermediates are often
generated that are protected from degradation by binding of ssDNA-binding
(SSB) proteins. Bacterial SSB protein forms a tetramer that wraps ssDNA
using its four subunits. Here it is shown that tetrameric SSB protein
can spontaneously migrate along ssDNA; this diffusional movement
introducing a new model for the redistribution of the SSB protein, while
remaining bound to ssDNA during recombination and repair processes.
Rahul Roy, Alexander G. Kozlov, Timothy M. Lohman and Taekjip Ha
doi:10.1038/nature08442
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=289&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
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=========================== ADVERTISEMENT ===========================
Nature Milestones in Light Microscopy
Milestones in Light Microscopy is a collaboration from
Nature Cell Biology, Nature Methods and Nature Reviews
Molecular Cell Biology. The feature contains a series of
short articles, called Milestones, that represent key
developments in the field, written by editors of the
Nature Publishing Group.
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LETTERS
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Saturn's largest ring pp1098-1100
In the Solar System, planetary rings tend to lie within a few radii of
their host body, because at these distances gravitational accelerations
inhibit satellite formation. One of the best known exceptions to this
rule is Saturn's E ring, a broad sheet of dust continuously supplied
by source satellites that fades from view at five to ten planetary
radii. An enormous ring associated with Saturn's outer moon Phoebe
is now reported; it extends from at least 128 to 207 Saturn radii.
Anne J. Verbiscer, Michael F. Skrutskie and Douglas P. Hamilton
doi:10.1038/nature08515
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=297&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=253&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Information causality as a physical principle pp1101-1104
A broad class of theories exist which share the distinguishing
characteristics of quantum mechanics but allow even stronger
correlations. Here, the principle of 'information causality' is
introduced and shown to be respected by both classical and quantum
physics; however, it is violated by other models that resemble
quantum mechanics but with stronger correlations. It is suggested
that information causality may help to distinguish physical theories
from non-physical ones.
Marcin Pawlowski et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08400
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=292&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=267&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Imaging chromophores with undetectable fluorescence by stimulated
emission microscopy pp1105-1109
Imaging beyond the diffraction limit -- to resolve tiny features in
cells, for example -- has had to rely on tagging the imaged substance
with fluorescent chromophores or other techniques that are much less
sensitive, like absorption. The use of stimulated emission (a property,
unlike fluorescence, which all molecules can have) is now reported;
sensitivity is orders of magnitude higher than for spontaneous emission
or absorption contrast, and fluorescence is not used.
Wei Min et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08438
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=294&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=114&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Atmospheric carbon dioxide through the Eocene–Oligocene climate
transition pp1110-1113
It is generally accepted that declining carbon dioxide (CO2) levels
were an important factor in the Eocene-Oligocene transition about
34 million years ago, when the world shifted from a greenhouse to an
icehouse climate. Here, using the boron isotope pH proxy on carbonate
microfossils from a recently discovered geological section in Tanzania,
atmospheric CO2 levels before, during and after the climate transition
are estimated.
Paul N. Pearson, Gavin L. Foster and Bridget S. Wade
doi:10.1038/nature08447
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=302&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=135&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Trench-parallel anisotropy produced by serpentine deformation in the
hydrated mantle wedge pp1114-1117
Although seismic anisotropy in the upper mantle is generally attributed
to the crystal-preferred orientation of olivine, the strong
trench-parallel anisotropy observed in several subduction systems is
difficult to explain in terms of olivine anisotropy. Using high-pressure
deformation experiments, it is now shown that the crystal-preferred
orientation of serpentine, the main hydrous mineral in the upper mantle,
can produce the strong trench-parallel seismic anisotropy observed in
such subduction systems.
Ikuo Katayama, Ken-ichi Hirauchi, Katsuyoshi Michibayashi
and Jun-ichi Ando
doi:10.1038/nature08513
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=304&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=94&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Convergent evolution of anthropoid-like adaptations in Eocene adapiform
primates pp1118-1121
The recent description of the primitive Eocene primate Darwinius has
been widely publicized as an important 'link' in the early evolution
of Anthropoidea. The extinct group to which Darwinius belongs, the
'adapoid' primates, was not generally thought to be close to the
anthropoids. Here, the jaw and teeth of a large-bodied adapiform from
the earliest late Eocene of Egypt is described; detailed phylogenetic
analysis shows that adapiforms were only very distant relatives of
anthropoids but that they do have some features that suggest
convergent evolution.
Erik R. Seiffert, Jonathan M. G. Perry, Elwyn L. Simons and Doug M. Boyer
doi:10.1038/nature08429
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=298&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=74&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Sleep deprivation impairs cAMP signalling in the hippocampus
pp1122-1125
Sleep deprivation can have adverse cognitive effects, with one of the
major consequences on the brain being memory deficits in learning
models that are dependent on the hippocampus. A molecular mechanism
by which brief sleep deprivation alters hippocampal function is now
identified in mice; it involves the impairment of cyclic-AMP- and
protein-kinase-A-dependent forms of synaptic plasticity.
Christopher G. Vecsey et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08488
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=300&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=86&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
The postsynaptic function of type II cochlear afferents pp1126-1129
The mammalian cochlea is innervated predominantly by type I sensory
neurons, but also present are the far less numerous type II neurons,
the function of which has been the subject of much speculation. Studies
of type II fibres now show that they receive excitatory glutamatergic
synaptic input and that they are depolarized by exogenous ATP. These
results prove that type II neurons function as cochlear afferents, and
can be modulated by ATP.
Catherine Weisz, Elisabeth Glowatzki and Paul Fuchs
doi:10.1038/nature08487
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=309&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=200&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Unexpected consequences of a sudden and massive transposon amplification
on rice gene expression pp1130-1134
Most eukaryotic genomes harbour numerous transposable elements which
contribute to gene and genome evolution; however, how genomic integrity
is maintained in the face of high transposition is not completely
understood. High-throughput sequencing of individual rice plants is now
used to assess the impact of insertion on gene expression. The vast
majority of transposable element insertions are found either to
upregulate or to have no detectable effect on gene transcription.
Ken Naito et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08479
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=311&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=194&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
A transposon-induced epigenetic change leads to sex determination in
melon pp1135-1138
During the development of flowering plants, sex determination leads
to the physical separation of male and female flowers from an originally
bisexual floral meristem. Here, in melon, the transition from male to
female flowers is shown to result from epigenetic changes in the promoter
of a transcription factor, CmWIP1. The data presented are used to propose
a model for the control and development of male, female and hermaphrodite
flowers in melon.
Antoine Martin et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08498
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=306&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=198&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Structural basis for biosynthetic programming of fungal aromatic
polyketide cyclization pp1139-1143
Regiospecific cyclizations of reactive poly-[beta]-keto intermediates
are known to lead to the structural variability of aromatic products
of fungal nonreducing, multidomain iterative polyketide synthases
(NR-PKS group of IPKSs), but questions about the process remain. The
crystal structure and mutational studies of a dissected product
template monodomain from PksA, the NR-PKS that initiates the
biosynethesis of the hepatocarcinogen aflatoxin B1, are now presented.
Jason M. Crawford et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08475
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=239&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=223&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Structural basis for translational fidelity ensured by transfer RNA
lysidine synthetase pp1144-1148
tRNAs are transcribed as precursor molecules that are then shortened,
have a short sequence added, and may then undergo modifications of
certain nucleotides to generate a different amino acid specificity.
Here, tRNAIle2 lysidine synthetase (TilS) -- a bacterial enzyme that
carries out a nucleotide modification -- is shown to specifically
recognize and modify tRNAIle2 in its precursor form, thereby avoiding
potential translation errors.
Kotaro Nakanishi et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08474
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=240&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=215&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
TECHNOLOGY FEATURES
----------------------
Neural circuits: Putting neurons on the map pp1149-1152
After a long lull, powerful new technologies are putting the charting
of brain circuitry back on neuroscientists' agenda. Michael Eisenstein
explores the challenge of mapping the mammalian mind.
Michael Eisenstein
doi:10.1038/4611149a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=220&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Neural circuits: Whose map is it anyway? p1150
doi:10.1038/4611150a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=174&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Neural circuits: Table of suppliers pp1153-1154
doi:10.1038/4611153a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=176&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NATUREJOBS
----------------------
Prospects
Going mobile p1157
Survey results suggest that mobile technology offers scientists both
increased productivity and unwelcome intrusion. Rich Pennock
speculates on the consequences.
Rich Pennock
doi:10.1038/nj7267-1157a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=145&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Careers Q&A
Stefan Söldner-Rembold p1157
A particle physicist at the University of Manchester, UK,
Söldner-Rembold is the latest spokesperson elected to
co-coordinate the D0 experiment, an exploration of the subatomic
universe that started in 1992 at the Fermi National Accelerator
Laboratory in Batavia, Illinois.
Virginia Gewin
doi:10.1038/nj7267-1157b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=159&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Region
Seeds of collaboration p1158
Academic and government labs in the Chicago area are combining forces
to reel in a host of large collaborative research projects — and
tens of millions of dollars in funding. Paul Smaglik sums up.
Paul Smaglik
doi:10.1038/nj7267-1158a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=157&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
FUTURES
----------------------
Tropicbird p1162
The winds of change.
K V
doi:10.1038/4611162a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=169&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
Advance Online Publication
----------------------
21 October 2009
Systematic RNA interference reveals that oncogenic KRAS-driven cancers
require TBK1
David A. Barbie et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08460
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=241&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=170&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Requirement for NF-[kgr]B signalling in a mouse model of lung
adenocarcinoma
Etienne Meylan et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08462
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=242&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=188&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Mutation load and rapid adaptation favour outcrossing over
self-fertilization
Levi T. Morran, Michelle D. Parmenter and Patrick C. Phillips
doi:10.1038/nature08496
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=235&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=185&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
18 October 2009
What recent ribosome structures have revealed about the mechanism of
translation
T. Martin Schmeing and V. Ramakrishnan
doi:10.1038/nature08403
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=236&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=181&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Genome evolution and adaptation in a long-term experiment with
Escherichia coli
Jeffrey E. Barrick et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08480
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=237&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=178&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Optomechanical crystals
Matt Eichenfield et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08524
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=238&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=276&m=34301231&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTk3NDk3MjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
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