September 2009 Volume 6 Number 9
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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Risk factors: Urinary, metabolic and physical health linked
p461 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.162
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Prostate cancer: Predominance of Gleason pattern 4 predicts mortality
p462 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.153
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Prostatitis: Urine leukocyte threshold for detection of subclinical
prostatitis too high
p462 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.161
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HIFU for prostate cancer
p463 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.122
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Prostate cancer: Prostatic needle biopsy: when to repeat
p463 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.160
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BPH: Age and comorbidity status predict post-TURP mortality
p463 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.163
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Urothelial carcinoma: Survival not improved by adjuvant chemotherapy
p464 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.159
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IN BRIEF
Prostate cancer | Radiotherapy | Biomarkers | Prostate cancer
p464 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.164
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Kidney cancer: Sunitinib for patients with a poor prognosis
p465 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.154
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Kidney cancer: Confirmation that bevacizumab increases the risk of
gastrointestinal perforation
p465 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.158
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=84&m=33986876&r=MTc2NDg0NjM5NAS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzU5NjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
4 genes for bladder cancer prognosis
p466 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.152
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Regenerative medicine: Advances in bladder tissue engineering
p466 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.155
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Genetics: GNRH1 mutations identified in patients with IHH
p467 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.157
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IN BRIEF
Urinary incontinence | Pediatrics | Kidney cancer | Radiotherapy
p467 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.165
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Pediatrics: Not all babies with a UTI need to be hospitalized
p468 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.151
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Infectious disease: Male circumcision does not protect women from HIV
p468 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.156
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NEWS AND VIEWS
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Imaging: Does DW-MRI have a role in the evaluation of hematuria?
David Galvin and Bernard H. Bochner
p469 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.169
The current diagnostic strategy for patients with hematuria incorporates
imaging evaluation of the urinary tract to identify the source of the
bleeding. Diffusion-weighted MRI offers promise in detecting and
characterizing tumors and benign processes of the bladder, and might obviate
the need for invasive cystoscopy in this setting.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=101&m=33986876&r=MTc2NDg0NjM5NAS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzU5NjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Male factor infertility: Innovations in varicocele surgery
Joel Marmar
p470 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.143
Recent meta-analyses suggest that surgical correction of varicoceles
can improve the semen parameters and natural pregnancy rates of infertile
men, prompting renewed interest in varicocelectomy methods. New developments,
such as the use of Doppler ultrasonography during surgery, can aid the
accurate identification of spermatic cord arteries during this technically
challenging procedure.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=102&m=33986876&r=MTc2NDg0NjM5NAS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzU5NjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Sexual dysfunction: Anesthetic spray improves premature ejaculation
Chris G. McMahon
p472 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.144
Topical anesthetics are moderately effective treatments for premature
ejaculation. In a 12 week, double-blind RCT, a metered-dose aerosol spray
containing lidocaine and prilocaine (PSD502) showed a 6.3-fold increase
in intravaginal ejaculatory latency times, improved all patient-reported
outcomes and had no serious adverse effects.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=108&m=33986876&r=MTc2NDg0NjM5NAS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzU5NjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Prostate cancer: PSA as an intermediate end point in clinical trials
Gerhardt Attard and Johann S. de Bono
p473 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.130
The 2009 study by Hussain et al. showed that a PSA-based intermediate end
point might be useful in clinical trials of advanced prostate cancer.
However, overall survival (OS) will remain the required end point of phase
III studies and the search for a true, robust surrogate of OS to accelerate
drug development continues.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=13&m=33986876&r=MTc2NDg0NjM5NAS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzU5NjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Prostate cancer: Seminal vesicle sparing: a continuing trend?
Scott M. Gilbert
p475 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.167
Data indicate that rates of seminal vesicle invasion at prostatectomy are
falling, making seminal vesicle sparing surgery more viable, especially
in low-risk patients. These changes can be viewed as part of a general
trend towards lower-risk cancer at presentation.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=10&m=33986876&r=MTc2NDg0NjM5NAS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzU5NjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Prostate cancer: Quality of life after radiation and androgen deprivation
Danil V. Makarov and David F. Penson
p477 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.168
Data from a long-term Scandinavian study show that the addition of radiation
to long-term androgen deprivation therapy does not affect quality of life
in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer. The long-term use of
the antiandrogen flutamide might, however, have negatively affected quality
of life outcomes for all patients in this study.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=8&m=33986876&r=MTc2NDg0NjM5NAS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzU5NjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Radiotherapy: Encouraging early data for SBRT in prostate cancer
May Abdel-Wahab and Alan Pollack
p478 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.166
There has been little published on the treatment of prostate cancer with
external beam radiotherapy doses greater than 5 Gy per fraction. New data
from King and colleagues' series of 41 patients treated with stereotactic
body radiotherapy in 5 fractions of 7.25 Gy make an important contribution
to our understanding of the radiobiology of prostate cancer and the tolerance
of surrounding normal tissues.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=4&m=33986876&r=MTc2NDg0NjM5NAS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzU5NjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
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REVIEWS
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Diagnosis and management of vesicoureteral reflux in children
Christopher S. Cooper
Published online: 11 August 2009
p481 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.150
Vesicoureteral refulx (VUR) is often a self-limiting condition, but it
can lead to renal scarring and end-stage renal disease in some affected
children. The author of this Review discusses the diagnosis of VUR and
different management options, highlighting the need for an individualized
approach when diagnosing and managing children with this condition.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=45&m=33986876&r=MTc2NDg0NjM5NAS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzU5NjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=15&m=33986876&r=MTc2NDg0NjM5NAS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzU5NjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Unusual scrotal pathology: an overview
Henry M. Rosevear, Alek Mishail, Yefim Sheynkin and Moshe Wald
Published online: 11 August 2009
p491 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.149
The scrotum is host to numerous rare pathologies owing to its diverse and
complex composition. In this Review, the authors provide a comprehensive
account of the rare scrotal lesions discovered to date. They categorize
these lesions by anatomical location and provide up-to-date management
recommendations.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=46&m=33986876&r=MTc2NDg0NjM5NAS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzU5NjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=33&m=33986876&r=MTc2NDg0NjM5NAS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzU5NjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Psychological intervention for premature ejaculation
Tamara Melnik, Sidney Glina and Oswaldo M. Rodrigues Jr
Published online: 04 August 2009
p501 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.147
These authors from Brazil have systematically searched the literature
for evidence of the utility of psychological approaches in the management
of premature ejaculation. Unfortunately, few high-quality studies have
been performed in this field. The authors describe the findings and
limitations of the available data, and make recommendations as to the
methodology of future studies.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=47&m=33986876&r=MTc2NDg0NjM5NAS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzU5NjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=29&m=33986876&r=MTc2NDg0NjM5NAS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzU5NjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
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CASE STUDY
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Delayed diagnosis of ureteropelvic junction avulsion in a child owing to
unstable hemodynamics
Jae Min Chung, Su Yung Kim and Sang Don Lee
p509 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.148
Chung et al. describe the case of a 7-year-old girl diagnosed with complete
avulsion of the left ureteropelvic junction 3 weeks after injury, and
treated by creation of a ureteropelvic anastomosis with stent. The authors
emphasize the necessity for delayed imaging to ensure the timely diagnosis
of ureteral injuries in blunt trauma patients.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=49&m=33986876&r=MTc2NDg0NjM5NAS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzU5NjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=35&m=33986876&r=MTc2NDg0NjM5NAS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzU5NjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
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PERSPECTIVES
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OPINION
Psychological aspects of PSA testing
Riccardo G. V. Torta and Jacopo Munari
p513 | doi:10.1038/nrurol.2009.146
Patients undergoing screening procedures often suffer considerable anxiety,
which not only affects their quality of life but also how they approach
the screening process. Here, the authors discuss the psychological effects
associated with PSA testing, and highlight the importance of both patient
and physician education to improve patient-doctor communication.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=48&m=33986876&r=MTc2NDg0NjM5NAS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzU5NjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=43&m=33986876&r=MTc2NDg0NjM5NAS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzU5NjQS1&mt=1&rt=0
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