September 2009 Volume 5 Number 9
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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Alzheimer disease: Do natural antibodies prevent Alzheimer disease?
p463 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.125
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Neurodegenerative disease: A mechanism for axonal transport defects in HD
p464 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.120
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IN BRIEF
Multiple sclerosis | Epilepsy | Spinal cord injury | Migraine
p464 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.128
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Headache: Mice shed light on photophobia and migraine
p465 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.121
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Dementia: Visualizing the progress of dementia
p465 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.123
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Parkinson disease: Pesticides implicated as an environmental factor in PD
p466 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.119
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Neuromuscular disease: TDP-43 in inclusion body myositis
p466 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.124
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Neural grafts survive poorly in HD
p467 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.132
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Parkinson disease: Visual hallucinations in Parkinson disease are associated
with cholinergic dysfunction
p468 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.122
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Multiple sclerosis: New gene variants that increase MS risk
p468 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.126
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NEWS AND VIEWS
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Migraine: Is acupuncture clinically viable for treating acute migraine?
Hans-Christoph Diener
p469 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.129
Chinese investigators performed a well-designed, randomized trial to
investigate the efficacy of true Chinese acupuncture compared with two
different sham acupuncture approaches for the treatment of acute migraine
attacks. Real acupuncture was superior to sham acupuncture, but the absolute
pain relief was minimal.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=26&m=33986518&r=MTc2NDUyMzIwMwS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzMzNjUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Stroke: Using the ABCD system to evaluate transient ischemic attack
Matthew F. Giles and Peter M. Rothwell
p470 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.134
The ABCD system uses clinical features identifiable in primary or emergency
care to reliably predict the risk of stroke in the acute phase following
a transient ischemic attack. Further study is required to establish both
the effectiveness of a refined system that includes carotid and brain
imaging, and how such a refined system should be implemented in clinical
practice.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=19&m=33986518&r=MTc2NDUyMzIwMwS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzMzNjUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Neurodegenerative disease: Cortical atrophy in syndromes of progressive
aphasia
Richard J. S. Wise
p471 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.133
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration often presents with distinct language
impairments that are associated with different distributions of cortical
atrophy. Two studies have now demonstrated that these clinical syndromes
are associated with highly characteristic patterns of cortical thinning.
Specific cortical atrophy profiles do not, however, seem to reliably predict
histologically distinct frontotemporal lobar degeneration variants.
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Stroke: Thrombolysis in childhood arterial ischemic stroke
Lori C. Jordan
p473 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.130
Thrombolytic therapy is often used to treat arterial ischemic stroke in
children, despite lack of FDA approval in this age group. The International
Pediatric Stroke Study investigators have assessed the extent and nature
of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator use in children in their
registry, and have compared their findings with previously published case
reports.
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Stroke: Is cognitive dysfunction common after ischemic stroke?
Rebecca F. Gottesman
p475 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.131
Estimates of the incidence of cognitive dysfunction following ischemic
stroke vary considerably in the medical literature. New research suggests
that cognitive dysfunction might occur more frequently than was previously
thought, emphasizing the importance of assessing such dysfunction beyond
the standard deficits measured on most stroke severity scales.
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REVIEWS
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Reducing prehospital delay in acute stroke
Miriam Bouckaert, Robin Lemmens and Vincent Thijs
Published online: 11 August 2009
p477 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.116
Thrombolytic therapy is an effective treatment for ischemic stroke, but
only when delivered within a short period after the onset of the condition.
Delay in patients being admitted to hospital is one of the main reasons
why the therapeutic window is often missed. This Review examines the factors
that affect prehospital delay, and describes strategies designed to overcome
the problem.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=80&m=33986518&r=MTc2NDUyMzIwMwS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzMzNjUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=8&m=33986518&r=MTc2NDUyMzIwMwS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzMzNjUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Managing bipolar disorders in children and adolescents
Eric Taylor
Published online: 11 August 2009
p484 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.117
Bipolar disorders are recurrent mood disturbances involving periods of
depression and mania. Eric Taylor discusses the management of bipolar
disorders in children and adolescents, including potential differential
diagnoses and the results of treatment trials in these age groups. He also
outlines the distinction between classic bipolar disorders and brief
emotional outbursts.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=91&m=33986518&r=MTc2NDUyMzIwMwS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzMzNjUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=2&m=33986518&r=MTc2NDUyMzIwMwS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzMzNjUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy: risk factors and potential pathomechanisms
Rainer Surges, Roland D. Thijs, Hanno L. Tan and Josemir W. Sander
Published online: 11 August 2009
p492 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.118
Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy most frequently occurs in people with
chronic epilepsy, and seems to be a seizure-related event. In this article,
Surges et al. review the incidence of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy
and the risk factors associated with this condition, before exploring the
pathological mechanisms related to chronic epilepsy that could lead to
sudden death.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=89&m=33986518&r=MTc2NDUyMzIwMwS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzMzNjUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=55&m=33986518&r=MTc2NDUyMzIwMwS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzMzNjUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Thrombolysis, stroke-unit admission and early rehabilitation in elderly
patients
Laurent Derex and Norbert Nighoghossian
Published online: 04 August 2009
p506 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.127
Individuals over the age of 80 years account for 30% of the total number
of people with ischemic stroke. Nevertheless, elderly patients are more
likely to receive suboptimal care than are younger individuals. In this
Review, Derex and Nighoghossian examine the effectiveness of thrombolysis
therapy, stroke-unit care, and early rehabilitation in elderly patients
with stroke.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=93&m=33986518&r=MTc2NDUyMzIwMwS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzMzNjUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=73&m=33986518&r=MTc2NDUyMzIwMwS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzMzNjUS1&mt=1&rt=0
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CASE STUDY
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A case of postpartum cerebral angiopathy with subarachnoid hemorrhage
Yolanda Chik, Robert E. Hoesch, Christos Lazaridis, Carla J. Weisman and
Rafael H. Llinas
p512 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.114
Chik et al. describe the case of a woman who developed a severe
'thunderclap' headache, followed by generalized tonic-clonic seizures,
shortly after giving birth. A head CT scan revealed a subarachnoid
hemorrhage, and an angiogram showed areas of vasoconstriction in the
cerebral arteries that were consistent with a diagnosis of postpartum
cerebral angiopathy.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=64&m=33986518&r=MTc2NDUyMzIwMwS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzMzNjUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=69&m=33986518&r=MTc2NDUyMzIwMwS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzMzNjUS1&mt=1&rt=0
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PERSPECTIVES
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Training matters: Neurologists can make a difference: the rewards of
volunteer work
Sidney H. Rosenberg
p517 | doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.115
Volunteer work in developing countries can be extremely rewarding for
neurologists, from both a professional and a personal perspective. Sidney
Rosenberg has worked extensively as a volunteer neurologist in hospitals
in India, Cambodia and Botswana, and in this article he provides a personal
account of his experiences.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=92&m=33986518&r=MTc2NDUyMzIwMwS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzMzNjUS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=75&m=33986518&r=MTc2NDUyMzIwMwS2&b=2&j=NTc1MzMzNjUS1&mt=1&rt=0
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