23 July 2009 Volume 460 Number 7254, pp 435 - 544
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EDITORIALS
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Growing pains p435
The fledgling European Research Council is struggling against the
constraints imposed by the European Commission. It needs to be
completely independent.
doi:10.1038/460435a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=7&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Beyond the pristine pp435-436
Earth's disturbed ecosystems have much more to offer than many
would give them credit for.
doi:10.1038/460435b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=325&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
The carbon count p436
Scientists need better Earth-monitoring tools to see whether
climate policies are working.
doi:10.1038/460436a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=297&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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Biophysics: Skink or swim? p438
doi:10.1038/460438a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=292&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Astronomy: Reionizers spotted p438
doi:10.1038/460438b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=285&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cell biology: Spindle sandwich p438
doi:10.1038/460438c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=251&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Physics: Scattered showers p438
doi:10.1038/460438d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=232&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cancer biology: Doing more with less p438
doi:10.1038/460438e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=318&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Neuroscience: Knowledge rewards pp438-439
doi:10.1038/460438f
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=327&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Evolution: Safe sex for primroses p439
doi:10.1038/460439a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=351&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Bioenergetics: Winter wrecked p439
doi:10.1038/460439b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=339&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Physics: Jet stream p439
doi:10.1038/460439c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=107&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Palaeontological genetics: Untraceable Etruscans p439
doi:10.1038/460439d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=113&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
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JOURNAL CLUB
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Journal club p439
Rex Cocroft
doi:10.1038/460439e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=94&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
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NEWS
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Red tape strangles basic research grants pp440-441
European Research Council finds itself mired in bureaucracy.
Natasha Gilbert
doi:10.1038/460440a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=153&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cuts bite in California p441
University faces hard times as budget gets squeezed.
Erika Check Hayden and Rex Dalton
doi:10.1038/460441a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=172&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Insuring against climate pp442-443
Negotiators push for policies to help weather natural disasters.
Jeff Tollefson
doi:10.1038/460442a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=200&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
US Congress revives hydrogen vehicle research pp442-443
House vote is set to put programme back on the road.
Jeff Tollefson
doi:10.1038/460442b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=98&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Psychiatry manual revisions spark row p445
US psychiatrists divided by claims of secrecy and scientific overreach.
Heidi Ledford
doi:10.1038/460445a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=95&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Regulators face tough flu-jab choices p446
Rich countries' pandemic strategies may cause vaccine shortages elsewhere.
Declan Butler
doi:10.1038/460446a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=60&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Scientists strive to boost US–Cuban collaboration p447
Breaking the barriers proves to be a slow process.
Rex Dalton
doi:10.1038/460447a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=53&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cash boost for mapping the human brain p449
doi:10.1038/460449a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=299&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
ExxonMobil invests in algae for biofuel p449
doi:10.1038/460449b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=304&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Italian court sidesteps stem-cell challenge p449
doi:10.1038/460449c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=315&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Copernicus honoured in periodic-table addition p449
doi:10.1038/460449d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=39&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Jupiter takes a hit p449
doi:10.1038/460449e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=34&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Nominate Japan's best mentors p449
doi:10.1038/460449f
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=71&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
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NEWS FEATURES
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Ecology: Ragamuffin Earth pp450-453
A small group of ecologists is looking beyond the pristine to study
the scrubby, feral and untended. Emma Marris learns to appreciate
'novel ecosystems'.
Emma Marris
doi:10.1038/460450a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=87&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Environment: The globe's green avenger pp454-455
Maurice Strong has shaped how nations respond to planetary crises.
Ehsan Masood meets the man whose successes — and failures — laid
the groundwork for the current climate talks.
Ehsan Masood
doi:10.1038/460454a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=58&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
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CORRESPONDENCE
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Outrage at high price paid for a fossil p456
Elwyn L. Simons et al.
doi:10.1038/460456a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=66&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Peer review and impact statements vital to UK research p456
David Delpy
doi:10.1038/460456b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=330&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Time running out to deal with banks of greenhouse gases p457
Jeff Cohen
doi:10.1038/460457a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=64&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Petitioning for a revised statement on climate change p457
S. Fred Singer et al.
doi:10.1038/460457b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=51&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Indigenous people defend rainforest as well as their rights p457
Glenn H. Shepard
doi:10.1038/460457c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=69&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
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ESSAY
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The incredible shrinking venture capital p459
Venture funding is declining quickly and is unlikely to bounce back.
But less money means lower expectations -- good news for smaller
science start-ups, says John Browning.
doi:10.1038/460459a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=55&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
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BOOKS AND ARTS
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Great inventions of life p460
A book setting out the ten greatest transformations delivered by
evolution contains surprises but neglects crucial innovations such
as proteins and embryos, Lewis Wolpert finds.
Lewis Wolpert reviews Life Ascending: The Ten Great Inventions of
Evolution by Nick Lane
doi:10.1038/460460a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=41&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Digesting evolution p461
Randolph M. Nesse reviews The Evolution of Obesity
by Michael L. Power and Jay Schulkin
doi:10.1038/460461a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=48&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Mathematical memories pp461-462
Jennifer Rohn reviews The Housekeeper and the Professor by Yoko Ogawa
doi:10.1038/460461b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=183&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Reflecting the impossible p462
Richard Taylor reviews Virtual Worlds: M. C. Escher and Paradox
doi:10.1038/460462a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=326&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Correction p462
doi:10.1038/460462b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=211&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
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NEWS AND VIEWS
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Ecology: Production in pristine lakes pp463-464
An investigation of lakes in Sweden has delivered results that run
counter to the idea that primary production is generally limited
by the availability of nutrients. There are lessons for
limnologists in this.
Jonathan J. Cole
doi:10.1038/460463a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=216&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Quantum mechanics: Hidden context pp464-465
The idea that physical phenomena might be described by a more
down-to-earth theory than quantum physics has met with resistance
from many physicists. Indeed, it seems that nature is not as simple
as we would like.
Boris Blinov
doi:10.1038/460464a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=222&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Materials science: Soft particles feel the squeeze pp465-466
It's hard to fit in when you're different -- especially if you're
a large particle trying to squeeze into an array of smaller ones.
But some soft, polymeric particles simply shrink to fit the space
available.
Daan Frenkel
doi:10.1038/460465a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=202&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cancer: Three birds with one stone pp466-467
The core domain of the p53 protein has been found to affect microRNA
processing -- its third known antitumour activity. Most cancerous p53
mutations affect this domain and may abolish all tumour-suppressor
functions.
Franck Toledo and Boris Bardot
doi:10.1038/460466a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=174&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
50 & 100 years ago p467
doi:10.1038/460467a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=238&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Geomorphology: Landscape texture set to scale pp468-469
Why, in many landscapes, does ridge-valley spacing show such
regularity? The combination of high-resolution data and an elegant
model offers a solution to this long-standing puzzle, for some
cases at least.
Kelin X. Whipple
doi:10.1038/460468a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=241&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Bioengineering: Cellular control in two clicks pp469-470
If complex tissues are to be engineered, synthetic materials will
be needed that provide cells with precisely located molecular cues.
A method that attaches such cues to specific areas of a gel could
be the answer.
Jason A. Burdick
doi:10.1038/460469a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=263&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Infectious diseases: An ill wind for wild chimps? pp470-471
Simian immunodeficiency virus is associated with increased mortality
in a subspecies of chimpanzee living under natural conditions in
East Africa. This is worrying news for the chimpanzee populations
involved.
Robin A. Weiss and Jonathan L. Heeney
doi:10.1038/460470a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=199&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
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ARTICLES
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Distinctive chromatin in human sperm packages genes for embryo
development pp473-478
During spermiogenesis, canonical histones are largely exchanged for
protamines, and whether the rarely retained nucleosomes have any
function has been unclear. Here, high-resolution genomic approaches
are used to localize the nucleosomes retained in mature human sperm;
they are found to be significantly enriched at developmentally
important genes and to have distinctive patterns of histone
modifications.
Saher Sue Hammoud et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08162
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=156&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=158&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Argonaute HITS-CLIP decodes microRNA-mRNA interaction maps pp479-486
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short RNAs that are ubiquitous, potent
regulators of gene expression; however, as miRNA activity requires
base pairing with only 6-8 nucleotides of messenger RNA, predicting
target mRNAs is a major challenge. By using a method known as
HITS-CLIP, combined with bioinformatic analysis, it has now been
possible to demonstrate how the in vivo interactions between miRNAs
and the mRNA targets can be validated.
Sung Wook Chi, Julie B. Zang, Aldo Mele and Robert B. Darnell
doi:10.1038/nature08170
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=63&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=321&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
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Lui and colleagues have discovered a new type of endogenous
small RNAs in the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa.
As they interact with the Argonaute protein QDE-2, the
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LETTERS
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Liquid water on Enceladus from observations of ammonia and 40Ar in
the plume pp487-490
Jets of water ice from surface fractures near the south pole of
Saturn's icy moon Enceladus produce a plume of gas and particles.
The source of the jets may be a liquid water region under the ice
shell. Here, ammonia is reported to be present in the plume, providing
strong evidence for the existence of at least some liquid water.
J. H. Waite Jr et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08153
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=328&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=275&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Asymmetric auroral intensities in the Earth's Northern and Southern
hemispheres pp491-493
It is commonly assumed that the aurora borealis (Northern Hemisphere)
and the aurora australis (Southern Hemisphere) are mirror images of
each other. Here, observations are reported that clearly contradict
this common assumption: intense spots are seen at dawn in the Northern
summer Hemisphere, and at dusk in the Southern winter Hemisphere.
K. M. Laundal and N. Ostgaard
doi:10.1038/nature08154
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=279&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=31&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
State-independent experimental test of quantum contextuality pp494-497
The question of whether quantum phenomena can be explained by classical
models with hidden variables is the subject of a long-lasting debate.
One feature of classical models that is thought to be in conflict with
quantum mechanics is non-contextuality, with experiments undertaken
with photons and neutrons seeming to support this. However, these tests
required the generation of special quantum states and left various
loopholes open. Here an experiment is performed with trapped ions that
overcomes these problems and cannot be explained in non-contextual terms.
G. Kirchmair et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08172
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=57&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=307&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Near-field focusing and magnification through self-assembled nanoscale
spherical lenses pp498-501
Cup-shaped molecules of calix[4]hydroquinone self-assemble on a surface
into a lens shape; these lenses are shown to generate near-field
magnification beyond the diffraction limit, enabling the resolution of
features of the order of 200 nanometres. Such spherical nanolenses
provide new pathways for lens-based near-field focusing and
high-resolution optical imaging at very low intensities, which are
useful for, among other things, bio-imaging and near-field lithography.
Ju Young Lee et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08173
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=313&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=179&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Formation of evenly spaced ridges and valleys pp502-505
Ridges and valleys in many landscapes are uniformly spaced, but no
theory has predicted this fundamental topographic wavelength. A
characteristic length scale is now derived from equations of mass
conservation and sediment transport; it is found to be directly
proportional to the valley spacing in models of landform evolution,
and to the measured valley spacing at five study sites in the USA.
J. Taylor Perron, James W. Kirchner and William E. Dietrich
doi:10.1038/nature08174
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=91&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=123&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Light limitation of nutrient-poor lake ecosystems pp506-509
Lake ecosystem productivity, defined by the rate of biomass synthesis,
is believed to be limited by nutrient availability. However, the
comparison of several small unproductive lakes along a water colour
gradient now shows that coloured terrestrial organic matter controls
the key process for new biomass synthesis through its effects on
light attenuation, suggesting that light is the more important
limiting factor.
Jan Karlsson et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08179
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=155&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=159&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Partial penetrance facilitates developmental evolution in bacteria
pp510-514
Individuals with exactly the same genetic make-up can differ from one
another in their development and resulting phenotype when the genome
contains a mutation [mdash] a phenomenon called 'partial penetrance'.
Exploration of the genetic and stochastic factors controlling the
proportion of abnormal 'twin' spores in mutant populations of the
bacterium Bacillus subtilus now reveals how mutations affecting DNA
replication and cell division may act in synergy to significantly
increase the penetrance of twin sporulation.
Avigdor Eldar et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08150
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=147&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=229&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Increased mortality and AIDS-like immunopathology in wild chimpanzees
infected with SIVcpz pp515-519
There are over 40 different simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs)
with which African primates are naturally infected; two of these
have crossed the species barrier to generate human immunodeficiency
virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2). Although SIVs do not generally
cause AIDS in primates, AIDS-like disease is now shown to occur in
chimpanzee populations in the wild who are naturally infected with
SIVcpz, a close relative of HIV-1.
Brandon F. Keele et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08200
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=127&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=136&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Regulation of the innate immune response by threonine-phosphatase of
Eyes absent pp520-524
Innate immunity is stimulated by non-microbial danger signals, as
well as by viral or bacterial components. The threonine-phosphatase
activity of the protein Eyes absent 4 (EYA4), originally identified
as a co-transcription factor, is now shown to stimulate the innate
immune response to the undigested DNA from apoptotic cells.
Yasutaka Okabe, Teruyuki Sano and Shigekazu Nagata
doi:10.1038/nature08138
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=160&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=146&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Helical extension of the neuronal SNARE complex into the membrane
pp525-528
In neurotransmission, synaptic vesicles fuse with the membrane of
nerve cells to release neurotransmitter content into the synaptic
cleft. This process requires the assembly of several members of
the SNARE protein family. Here, the X-ray structure of a neuronal
SNARE complex is solved, providing insight into how these proteins
assemble.
Alexander Stein, Gert Weber, Markus C. Wahl and Reinhard Jahn
doi:10.1038/nature08156
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=344&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=346&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Modulation of microRNA processing by p53 pp529-533
Disruption of the tumour suppressor p53, a transcriptional activator
with numerous growth-suppressive targets, is a fundamental event in
the development of most cancers. Here, p53 is found to have another
function, independent of its role in transcription, enhancing the
earliest processing step of precursors for microRNAs that regulate
genes affecting cell growth.
Hiroshi I. Suzuki et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08199
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=323&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=331&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
The CREB coactivator CRTC2 links hepatic ER stress and fasting
gluconeogenesis pp534-537
In fasted mammals, circulating pancreatic glucagon stimulates
gluconeogenesis in the liver in part through the CREB coactivator
CRTC2. The production of glucose by the liver is increased in
obesity, reflecting chronic increases in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
stress that promote insulin resistance. Here, CRTC2 is shown to
function as a dual sensor for fasting signals and ER stress, thereby
contributing to glucose homeostasis.
Yiguo Wang, Liliana Vera, Wolfgang H. Fischer and Marc Montminy
doi:10.1038/nature08111
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=309&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=289&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
CORRIGENDUM
----------------------
Life without a wall or division machine in Bacillus subtilis p538
M. Leaver et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08232
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=294&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NATUREJOBS
----------------------
Careers and Recruitment
Big opportunities in a small world p540
Nanomedicine has started to gather momentum in recent years, and
cutting-edge jobs abound for those with the right training.
Virginia Gewin takes a closer look.
doi:10.1038/nj7254-540a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=102&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
FUTURES
----------------------
The problem of Junior p544
Parent trap.
Swapna Kishore
doi:10.1038/460544a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=300&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
Advance Online Publication
----------------------
22 July 2009
Phase-locking and environmental fluctuations generate synchrony in
a predator–prey community
David A. Vasseur and Jeremy W. Fox
doi:10.1038/nature08208
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=270&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=89&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
XIAP discriminates between type I and type II FAS-induced apoptosis
Philipp J. Jost et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08229
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=178&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=140&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
High harmonic interferometry of multi-electron dynamics in molecules
Olga Smirnova et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08253
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=145&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=215&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
20 July 2009
A tunable topological insulator in the spin helical Dirac transport
regime
D. Hsieh et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08234
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=223&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=120&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Gain-of-function of mutated C-CBL tumour suppressor in myeloid
neoplasms
Masashi Sanada et al.
doi:10.1038/nature08240
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=124&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=133&m=33681617&r=MjA1NTkxMDA2MAS2&b=2&j=NTM2ODU3NTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
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