June 2009 Volume 6 Number 6
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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Imaging: PET is a valuable imaging tool for NET
p301 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.57
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Chemotherapy: Treating older breast cancer patients
p302 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.55
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DNA therapy for head and neck cancer
p302 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.60
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Prostate cancer: check it out
p303 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.53
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Pathology: CTCs: a prognostic marker for prostate cancer
p303 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.56
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Epidemiology: Blood type and pancreatic cancer
p303 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.59
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Targeted therapies: Bevacizumab and chemotherapy in NSCLC
p304 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.54
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Targeted therapies: Trastuzumab improves brain metastases outcomes
p304 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.58
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NEWS AND VIEWS
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Medical oncology: Multimodality therapy in unresectable colorectal cancer
Daniel A. Popowich and Amy L. Halverson
p305 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.65
Mathis et al. aimed to determine the effect of multimodality therapy on
recurrence and survival in patients with locally advanced colorectal cancer.
Use of multimodality treatment led to excellent local control with five
year disease-free and overall survival rates comparable to that of
stage-matched resectable colorectal cancers.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=25&m=33337471&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2ODA2MzcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Genetics: Predictive value of KRAS mutations in chemoresistant CRC
Astrid Lievre and Pierre Laurent-Puig
p306 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.69
On the basis of the results of KRAS analysis from the CO.17 randomized,
controlled, phase III study by Karapetis et al., KRAS mutations have
emerged as a valid predictive marker associated with resistance to cetuximab
and lack of survival benefit from this anti-EGFR antibody in patients with
chemoresistant colorectal cancer.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=77&m=33337471&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2ODA2MzcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Targeted therapies: Combined lapatinib and paclitaxel in HER2-positive
breast cancer
Carlos A. Castaneda and Henry L. Gomez
p308 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.68
A randomized phase III trial evaluated the effect of adding lapatinib to
paclitaxel as first-line therapy for patients with metastatic breast cancer
whose tumors were negative or untested for human epidermal growth factor
receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression. Progression-free survival was prolonged
significantly in patients with HER2-overexpressing tumors, which indicates
that lapatinib exerts its main effects via the HER2 pathway.
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Medical oncology: Endocrine-therapy-related symptoms and breast cancer
Aman U. Buzdar
p309 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.67
The association of a treatment-related adverse effect with treatment success
has been reported in various clinical situations. The development of
vasomotor or joint symptoms is an indication of therapeutic benefit in
women receiving endocrine treatment for hormone-receptor-positive breast
cancer.
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Targeted therapies: Goldie-Coldman and bevacizumab beyond disease progression
Bruce J. Giantonio
p311 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.66
Targeted therapies offer new hope in overcoming the challenges encountered
with conventional chemotherapy. However, little is known about the precise
mechanisms that cause resistance. These issues are discussed in light of
data from the BRiTE study, which indicate that the antiangiogenic effects
of bevacizumab might persist despite the development of resistance to
first-line chemotherapy.
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Radiotherapy: Effect of treatment interruptions in prostate cancer
Patrick Kupelian
p312 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.71
Treatment interruptions during radiotherapy may have a negative effect
on patient outcome. D'Ambrosio et al. demonstrated that prolonging treatment
duration has an adverse effect in low-risk patients with prostate cancer.
Thus, limiting or modifying the overall elapsed time between treatments is
necessary.
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REVIEWS
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Article series: Antiangiogenic Clinical Strategies
Branching morphogenesis and antiangiogenesis candidates: tip cells lead
the way
Peter Carmeliet, Frederik De Smet, Sonja Loges and Massimiliano Mazzone
p315 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.64
Although VEGF-targeted anti-angiogenic agents have proved successful,
resistance to these targeted therapies remains a challenge. Therefore,
additional angiogenesis inhibitors are being developed to overcome
resistance. Carmeliet et al. discuss the molecules implicated in conferring
resistance to VEGF-targeted therapy, and describe how targeting
non-endothelial mechanisms in the tumor stroma may offer opportunities
to overcome resistance to VEGF-targeted therapy.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=47&m=33337471&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2ODA2MzcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=68&m=33337471&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2ODA2MzcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article series: Antiangiogenic Clinical Strategies
Biomarkers of response and resistance to antiangiogenic therapy
Rakesh K. Jain, Dan G. Duda, Christopher G. Willett, Dushyant V. Sahani,
Andrew X. Zhu, Jay S. Loeffler, Tracy T. Batchelor and A. Gregory Sorensen
p327 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.63
No validated biomarkers currently exist for appropriately selecting cancer
patients for antiangiogenic therapy. A number of potential systemic,
circulating, tissue and imaging biomarkers have emerged as suitable candidate
biomarkers, but all require prospective validation. The authors discuss the
current challenges in establishing biomarkers, the advantages and
disadvantages of systemic, circulating, tissue and imaging biomarkers, and
the future opportunities for validating biomarkers of antiangiogenic therapy.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=30&m=33337471&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2ODA2MzcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=63&m=33337471&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2ODA2MzcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cancer micrometastases
Klaus Pantel, Catherine Alix-Panabieres and Sabine Riethdorf
Published online: 28 April 2009
p339 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.44
The molecular characterization of disseminated tumor cells and circulating
tumor cells opens a new avenue for understanding cancer dormancy and might
contribute to the identification of metastatic stem cells with important
implications for future therapies. This Review focuses on the clinical
relevance of the latest research results on blood-borne cancer
micrometastasis in patients with cancer.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=57&m=33337471&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2ODA2MzcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=41&m=33337471&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2ODA2MzcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Somatic EGFR mutations and efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in NSCLC
Klaus Pantel, Catherine Alix-Panabieres and Sabine Riethdorf
p352 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.62
The authors summarize the literature and present an overview of the
fast-moving field of anti-EGFR therapeutics for the treatment of
non-small-cell lung cancer. They focus on describing the effects of somatic
EGFR mutations in selection of patients for treatment with tyrosine kinase
inhibitors and the influence of EGFR pathway regulation.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=62&m=33337471&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2ODA2MzcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=82&m=33337471&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2ODA2MzcS1&mt=1&rt=0
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CASE STUDY
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Breast cancer and pregnancy: how safe is trastuzumab?
Hatem A. Azim Jr, Fedro A. Peccatori, Sarah J. Liptrott, Chiara Catania
and Aron Goldhirsch
p367 | doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.48
Breast cancer during pregnancy is increasingly being encountered, and
establishing the safety of trastuzumab in this setting is important. The
case of a 29-year-old woman diagnosed with node-positive, HER2-positive
breast cancer is described. She underwent surgery followed by chemotherapy
and radiotherapy and then received trastuzumab. The authors suggest that
short-term trastuzumab exposure may be safe and they recommend careful
monitoring of the amniotic fluid and cardiac assessment of the mother
and fetus.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=23&m=33337471&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2ODA2MzcS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=38&m=33337471&r=MTc2NDg2OTc4MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2ODA2MzcS1&mt=1&rt=0
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