June 2009 Volume 11 Number 6, pp 667 - 784
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Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology
Article Series on Chromatin Dynamics
In March 2009, Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology launched an Article Series
that focuses on recent breakthroughs in our understanding of the mechanisms
that govern the dynamic structural and spatial organization of chromatin,
thereby providing important insights into gene regulation, DNA repair,
development and epigenetic inheritance. The series will run throughout 2009.
Follow the series today:
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EDITORIAL
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How robust is your data? p667
New rules for the presentation of statistics.
doi:10.1038/ncb0609-667
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BOOK REVIEW
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New fashion models p668
Christian Braendle and Marie-Anne Felix review Emerging Model Organisms:
A Laboratory Manual, volume 1 by Christian Braendle and Marie-Anne Felix
doi:10.1038/ncb0609-668
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REVIEW
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STIMulating store-operated Ca2+ entry pp669 - 677
Michael D. Cahalan
doi:10.1038/ncb0609-669
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=108&m=33325053&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2MDY3NDMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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NEWS AND VIEWS
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Wicked views on stem cell news pp678 - 679
Stem cells achieve the remarkable task of generating both identical copies of
themselves and lineage-restricted daughter cells that ultimately undergo
terminal differentiation. The differential regulation of ribosomal protein
biosynthesis helps to generate these two outcomes in Drosophila melanogaster.
Ralph A. Neumuller and Juergen A. Knoblich
doi:10.1038/ncb0609-678
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Inverted rod nuclei see the light pp680 - 681
Eighty years of microscopy have established a conventional view of nuclear
organization: dark-staining heterochromatin at the nuclear periphery and
light-staining euchromatin in the interior. This nuclear architecture is inverted
in rod cells of nocturnal mammals, demonstrating a unique functional nuclear
genome reorganization specifically adapted for light transmission.
Christopher Eskiw and Peter Fraser
doi:10.1038/ncb0609-680
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=95&m=33325053&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2MDY3NDMS1&mt=1&rt=0
MicroRNA-mediated regulation of synaptic palmitoylation: shrinking fat spines
pp681 - 682
Local regulation of protein translation is essential for synaptic plasticity.
MicroRNA-mediated alteration in expression of an enzyme that regulates
the palmitoylation of a specific synaptic protein determines dendritic spine size.
Damien Carrel and Bonnie L. Firestein
doi:10.1038/ncb0609-681
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=98&m=33325053&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2MDY3NDMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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Research highlights p684
doi:10.1038/ncb0609-684
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* Provides reviews to aid both experienced researchers and those entering the field.
* Addresses key topics from the perspectives of medicine, biology and engineering.
* Topical coverage includes developmental biology, physiology, biological
mechanisms and laboratory methods and technologies.
* Combines the most powerful feature of an online reference work and a review journal.
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ARTICLES
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Live-imaging of single stem cells within their niche reveals that a U3snoRNP
component segregates asymmetrically and is required for self-renewal in
Drosophila pp685 - 693
It is unclear how the growth rate and size of asymmetrically dividing stem
cells are regulated. The U3snoRNP component Wicked, required for pre-ribosomal
RNA maturation and thus ribosome formation, is localized asymmetrically and is
critical for stem cell maintenance and function.
Pierre Fichelson et al.
doi:10.1038/ncb1874
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=83&m=33325053&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2MDY3NDMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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p53 controls cancer cell invasion by inducing the MDM2-mediated degradation
of Slug pp694 - 704
The tumour suppressor p53 inhibits cancer cell proliferation and induces
apoptosis. A new tumour-suppressive effect of p53 is to induce MDM2-dependent
degradation of the tumour invasion factor Slug, resulting in reduced metastasis.
Shu-Ping Wang et al.
doi:10.1038/ncb1875
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=94&m=33325053&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2MDY3NDMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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A functional screen implicates microRNA-138-dependent regulation of the
depalmitoylation enzyme APT1 in dendritic spine morphogenesis pp705 - 716
Mir-138, identified in a screen for microRNAs associated with synapses,
regulates dendritic spine morphogenesis through APT-1, a depalmitoylation
enzyme that modulates the membrane localization of the heterotrimeric
G protein alpha subunit.
Gabriele Siegel et al.
doi:10.1038/ncb1876
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=50&m=33325053&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2MDY3NDMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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LETTERS
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The mitotic kinesin-14 Ncd drives directional microtubule-microtubule
sliding pp717 - 723
Kinesin-14 (Ncd in Drosophila, and Klp2 in fission yeast) is a microtubule-based
motor important for spindle assembly. Ncd and Klp2 mediate both sliding
of anti-parallel microtubules and crosslinking of parallel ones.
Gero Fink et al.
doi:10.1038/ncb1877
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=35&m=33325053&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2MDY3NDMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=118&m=33325053&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2MDY3NDMS1&mt=1&rt=0
The kinesin-14 Klp2 organizes microtubules into parallel bundles by an
ATP-dependent sorting mechanism pp724 - 730
Kinesin-14 (Ncd in Drosophila, and Klp2 in fission yeast) is a microtubule-based
motor important for spindle assembly. Ncd and Klp2 mediate both sliding of
anti-parallel microtubules and crosslinking of parallel ones.
Marcus Braun, Douglas R. Drummond, Robert A. Cross and Andrew D. McAinsh
doi:10.1038/ncb1878
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=40&m=33325053&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2MDY3NDMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=64&m=33325053&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2MDY3NDMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Local auxin biosynthesis modulates gradient-directed planar polarity in
Arabidopsis pp731 - 738
Arabidopsis root-hair position and orientation in epithelial cells is directed by
an auxin gradient maximum at the root tip. The Raf-like kinase CTR1 negatively
regulates local auxin biosynthesis in the root to determine root hair position.
Yoshihisa Ikeda et al.
doi:10.1038/ncb1879
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=45&m=33325053&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2MDY3NDMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=32&m=33325053&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2MDY3NDMS1&mt=1&rt=0
The Patched dependence receptor triggers apoptosis through a DRAL-caspase-9
complex pp739 - 746
Shh acts as a survival factor and in its absence its receptor, Patched, induces
cell death by recruiting a caspase-activating complex formed by the adaptor
protein DRAL, the CARD domain containing proteins TUCAN or NALP1, and caspase-9.
Frederic Mille et al.
doi:10.1038/ncb1880
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=92&m=33325053&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2MDY3NDMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=97&m=33325053&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2MDY3NDMS1&mt=1&rt=0
The bioenergetic and antioxidant status of neurons is controlled by
continuous degradation of a key glycolytic enzyme by APC/C-Cdh1 pp747 - 752
The glycolytic enzyme Pfkfb3 is shown to be constitutively ubiquitylated by
the APC/C ligase and degraded in neurons. These findings might explain
the lower glycolytic metabolism in these cells relative to astrocytes.
Angel Herrero-Mendez et al.
doi:10.1038/ncb1881
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=80&m=33325053&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2MDY3NDMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=82&m=33325053&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2MDY3NDMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Replication stress induces sister-chromatid bridging at fragile site loci
in mitosis pp753 - 760
The FANC and the BLM pathways collaborate during mitosis to prevent
micronucleation and chromosome abnormalities.
Kok Lung Chan, Timea Palmai-Pallag, Songmin Ying and Ian D. Hickson
doi:10.1038/ncb1882
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=18&m=33325053&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2MDY3NDMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=99&m=33325053&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2MDY3NDMS1&mt=1&rt=0
The FANC pathway and BLM collaborate during mitosis to prevent micro-nucleation
and chromosome abnormalities pp761 - 768
The FANC and the BLM pathways collaborate during mitosis to prevent
micronucleation and chromosome abnormalities.
Valeria Naim and Filippo Rosselli
doi:10.1038/ncb1883
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=91&m=33325053&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2MDY3NDMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=34&m=33325053&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2MDY3NDMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Deficiency of MIP/MTMR14 phosphatase induces a muscle disorder by
disrupting Ca2+ homeostasis pp769 - 776
Mutations in the MIP phosphatase MTMR14 are associated with human
autosomal centronuclear myopathy. Mice that lack MIP have impaired muscle
performance and enhanced fatigue due to the accumulation of MIP substrates
PtdIns(3,5)P2 and PtdIns(3,4)P2, which cause alterations in intracellular Ca2+ levels.
Jinhua Shen et al.
doi:10.1038/ncb1884
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=73&m=33325053&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2MDY3NDMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=28&m=33325053&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2MDY3NDMS1&mt=1&rt=0
TGF-beta signalling is regulated by Schnurri-2-dependent nuclear translocation
of CLIC4 and consequent stabilization of phospho-Smad2 and 3 pp777 - 784
In keratinocytes, the multifunctional protein CLIC4 mediates TGF-beta-dependent
growth inhibition through interaction with Schnurri-2, which is essential for
CLIC4 nuclear translocation. Once in the nucleus, CLIC4 associates with
phospho-Smad2 and 3 and protects them from dephosphorylation by nuclear phosphatases.
Anjali Shukla et al.
doi:10.1038/ncb1885
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=44&m=33325053&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2MDY3NDMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=65&m=33325053&r=MTc2NDEyMTk0MQS2&b=2&j=NTA2MDY3NDMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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