May 2009 Volume 6 Number 5
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EDITORIAL
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More food for thought
Stephen B. Hanauer
p253 | doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2009.66
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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Pediatric Surgery: Laparoscopic surgery safe and effective for infantile
pyloric stenosis
p255 | doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2009.49
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=9&m=32734577&r=MTc2OTYyOTQ2MwS2&b=2&j=NDgyMTY5MTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Transplantation: Marijuana use does not affect survival in liver transplant
recipients
p256 | doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2009.52
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=90&m=32734577&r=MTc2OTYyOTQ2MwS2&b=2&j=NDgyMTY5MTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Colorectal Cancer: Statins may prevent development and progression of
adenomatous polyps
p256 | doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2009.56
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Colorectal Cancer Chemotherapy
p257 | doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2009.48
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Ulcerative Colitis: Alendronate is best for prevention of bone loss
p257 | doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2009.53
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Crohn's Disease: Genetic links to pouch failure
p257 | doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2009.54
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IBD: Influenza vaccine safe and effective in immunosuppressed patients
p258 | doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2009.50
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Hepatitis: Lamivudine given to expectant mothers reduces HBV transmission
p258 | doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2009.51
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NEWS AND VIEWS
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IBS: Lubiprostone: trials and tribulations
Michael D. Crowell
p259 | doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2009.62
The selective, chloride channel 2 activator, lubiprostone, facilitates
intestinal-fluid secretion and stimulates gastrointestinal motility. These
effects increase stool frequency and improve abdominal discomfort for
patients with constipation-predominant IBS, which makes lubiprostone the
newest addition to the treatment armamentarium for these patients. Findings
from a new, pivotal, phase III study by Drossman and colleagues support
the use of lubiprostone in such patients.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=50&m=32734577&r=MTc2OTYyOTQ2MwS2&b=2&j=NDgyMTY5MTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Celiac disease: Diagnosis of celiac disease in pediatric patients
Joseph A. Murray, Shadi Rashtak and Alberto Rubio-Tapia
p260 | doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2009.58
Children and adolescents with untreated celiac disease display
disease-related, histological alterations in the duodenal bulb, according
to a new study. In 16 of the 665 patients enrolled in the study, lesions
were confined to the duodenal bulb.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=77&m=32734577&r=MTc2OTYyOTQ2MwS2&b=2&j=NDgyMTY5MTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Pancreas: Antioxidants for pain relief in chronic pancreatitis
Jens Werner and Markus W. Buchler
p262 | doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2009.64
In a study carried out in India, antioxidant therapy for chronic pancreatitis
offered short-term benefits and was associated with few adverse events.
Although the etiology and characteristics of this condition vary between
countries, antioxidant therapy could be implemented as an adjunct treatment
in the early inflammatory phase of chronic pancreatitis.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=67&m=32734577&r=MTc2OTYyOTQ2MwS2&b=2&j=NDgyMTY5MTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Peptic Ulcers: Achievement of endoscopic hemostasis
Sandy H. Pang and Francis K. L. Chan
p263 | doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2009.61
Extensive research has addressed the effectiveness of various endoscopic
treatments for bleeding peptic ulcers. These studies are often heterogeneous
in their methodology, definitions, end points and combinations of modalities
used. Evidence-based recommendations that address clinically relevant
questions are now available, and will be a valuable resource for practicing
endoscopists.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=85&m=32734577&r=MTc2OTYyOTQ2MwS2&b=2&j=NDgyMTY5MTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
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REVIEWS
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Eosinophilic esophagitis: the newest esophageal inflammatory disease
Dan Atkins, Robert Kramer, Kelley Capocelli, Mark Lovell and Glenn T. Furuta
p267 | doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2009.45
Eosinophilic esophagitis is a chronic esophageal inflammatory disease of
undetermined pathophysiology resulting in dense mucosal eosinophilia and
esophageal dysfunction. This Review discusses the disease in terms of its
clinical presentation in children and adults, pathogenesis, diagnosis and
treatment.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=40&m=32734577&r=MTc2OTYyOTQ2MwS2&b=2&j=NDgyMTY5MTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=20&m=32734577&r=MTc2OTYyOTQ2MwS2&b=2&j=NDgyMTY5MTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
How to choose the best preparation for colonoscopy
Kaitlin E. Occhipinti and Jack A. Di Palma
p279 | doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2009.42
Effective cleansing of the colon is pivotal to achieve an accurate
colonoscopy evaluation and affords many benefits, including improved
visualization, reduced procedure times and reduced complication rates.
This Review discusses the colonoscopy preparations available, with an
emphasis on the efficacy, tolerability and safety of each method. Knowledge
of the different approaches will enable physicians to choose the best
preparation for their patients.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=32&m=32734577&r=MTc2OTYyOTQ2MwS2&b=2&j=NDgyMTY5MTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=78&m=32734577&r=MTc2OTYyOTQ2MwS2&b=2&j=NDgyMTY5MTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Secondary sclerosing cholangitis
Petra Ruemmele, Ferdinand Hofstaedter and Cornelia M. Gelbmann
p287 | doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2009.46
Secondary sclerosing cholangitis is a chronic cholestatic biliary disease,
which unlike primary sclerosing cholangitis, is thought to develop as a
consequence of known injuries. The presence of sclerosing cholangitis in
critically ill patients is a new entity that is increasingly recognized.
This Review discusses the features, diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment
options for secondary sclerosing cholangitis and sclerosing cholangitis
in critically ill patients.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=28&m=32734577&r=MTc2OTYyOTQ2MwS2&b=2&j=NDgyMTY5MTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=33&m=32734577&r=MTc2OTYyOTQ2MwS2&b=2&j=NDgyMTY5MTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Carcinogenesis in IBD: potential targets for the prevention of colorectal
cancer
Linda A. Feagins, Rhonda F. Souza and Stuart J. Spechler
p297 | doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2009.44
Increased risk of colorectal cancer in patients with IBD may be due to
genomic instability caused by chronic colonic inflammation. This Review
evaluates the alterations to gene expression and the genetic mutations
associated with colitis-associated colorectal cancer and the clinical
conditions that precede it. Feagins et al. identify potential molecular
targets for colorectal cancer therapy that deserve further investigation.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=18&m=32734577&r=MTc2OTYyOTQ2MwS2&b=2&j=NDgyMTY5MTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=73&m=32734577&r=MTc2OTYyOTQ2MwS2&b=2&j=NDgyMTY5MTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Principles and clinical implications of the brain-gut-enteric microbiota axis
Sang H. Rhee, Charalabos Pothoulakis and Emeran A. Mayer
p306 | doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2009.35
In this article, Rhee and colleagues review the ample preclinical evidence
suggesting that the commensal bacterial flora physiologically present in
the gut modulates and influences bidirectional communication between the
host's gut and central nervous system. The authors propose possible
mechanisms by which these three-way mutual interactions may occur and may
affect the host's healthy and diseased states.
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=89&m=32734577&r=MTc2OTYyOTQ2MwS2&b=2&j=NDgyMTY5MTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=81&m=32734577&r=MTc2OTYyOTQ2MwS2&b=2&j=NDgyMTY5MTkS1&mt=1&rt=0
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