26 February 2009 Volume 457 Number 7233, pp 1057-1174
Visit Nature online to browse the journal.
Now available at http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=115&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Please note that you need to be a subscriber to enjoy full text access
to Nature online. To purchase a subscription, please visit:
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=24&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Alternatively, to recommend a subscription to your library, please visit
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=59&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
=========================== ADVERTISEMENT ===========================
Click for more information and registration
Learn how electron microscopy is being used in leading research labs
around the world in this free webinar series. The first webinar
Introduction to Electron
Microscopy in the Life Sciences
will begin shortly. Additional topics will focus on applications in
Structural Biology, Cellular Biology and Systems Biology
=====================================================================
=========================== ADVERTISEMENT ===========================
Science Foundation Ireland, (SFI)
The national foundation for excellence in scientific research is
investing in academic researchers and research teams who are most
likely to generate new knowledge, leading edge technologies,
and competitive enterprises.
SFI has a flexible grants and awards portfolio and several times a
year issues calls for proposals from scientists and engineers.
=====================================================================
=========================== ADVERTISEMENT ===========================
Nature Video: Prehistoric sex
Evidence of reproduction by internal fertilization
is presented in Nature this week, in the form of
embryos within fossil specimens from a large and
diverse group of placoderms - among the most primitive
of all jawed vertebrates, and now wholly extinct.
This new discovery confirms that live birth was much
more widespread than has previously been appreciated.
Click here to watch the Video FREE Online.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=169&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
=====================================================================
----------------------
EDITORIALS
----------------------
The way ahead for polar science p1057
The fourth International Polar Year is coming to an end. But the
Arctic and Antarctic must remain top scientific priorities.
doi:10.1038/4571057a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=147&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Europe's GM quandary pp1057-1058
A political impasse over transgenic crops has left the European
Commission with no good options.
doi:10.1038/4571057b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=64&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
It's good to blog p1058
More researchers should engage with the blogosphere, including
authors of papers in press.
doi:10.1038/4571058a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=31&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
----------------------
Cell biology: Prion hijackers p1060
doi:10.1038/4571060a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=76&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Plant sciences: Rust resistant p1060
doi:10.1038/4571060b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=202&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Molecular biology: Adaptation p1060
doi:10.1038/4571060c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=8&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Animal behaviour: The carriers' code p1060
doi:10.1038/4571060d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=295&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Physics: Atomic quantum dots p1060
doi:10.1038/4571060e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=136&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Oceanography: Sky view pp1060-1061
doi:10.1038/4571060f
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=51&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Nanotechnology: Etch a circuit sketch p1061
doi:10.1038/4571061a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=81&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Materials science: Better coats p1061
doi:10.1038/4571061b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=105&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Palaeontology: Flower power p1061
doi:10.1038/4571061c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=281&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Neuroscience: Mouse mapping p1061
doi:10.1038/4571061d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=186&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
JOURNAL CLUB
----------------------
Journal club p1061
Kishan Dholakia
doi:10.1038/4571061e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=209&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NEWS
----------------------
Antarctica's impossible peaks come into view pp1062-1063
Major polar project yields panorama of hidden mountains.
Alexandra Witze
doi:10.1038/4571062a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=28&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Harbour threat for coelacanths p1063
Tanzanian plan could damage rare fish's habitat.
Quirin Schiermeier
doi:10.1038/4571063a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=72&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Drug patent plan gets mixed reviews pp1064-1065
GlaxoSmithKline's bid to tackle neglected diseases receives a
muted response from the rest of the industry.
Declan Butler
doi:10.1038/4571064a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=82&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Seabed images create waves p1065
Google Ocean incorporates copyrighted material.
Rex Dalton
doi:10.1038/4571065a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=133&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Hong Kong evolution curriculum row p1067
Intelligent design 'debate' sparks controversy.
David Cyranoski
doi:10.1038/4571067a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=67&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Satellite to monitor carbon sinks sinks p1067
Orbiting Carbon Observatory crashes into sea.
Geoff Brumfiel
doi:10.1038/4571067b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=95&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Stem-cell inaction prompts concern pp1068-1069
Legal complexities may underlie the delay in fulfilling
election pledge.
Meredith Wadman
doi:10.1038/4571068a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=126&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Energy agency scrambles to spend stimulus money pp1068-1069
Nobel laureate struggles to prioritize projects.
Jeff Tollefson
doi:10.1038/4571068b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=41&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Four arrests in Californian animal-rights activism p1070
doi:10.1038/4571070a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=294&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Commercial biofuels plant planned for Florida p1070
doi:10.1038/4571070b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=88&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Iran's uranium stockpile reaches weapons potential pp1070-1071
doi:10.1038/4571070c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=58&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Europa next outer-planet mission p1070
doi:10.1038/4571070d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=15&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
deCode gets marketing go-ahead in California p1071
doi:10.1038/4571071a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=241&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Forensic science badly lacking in the United States p1071
doi:10.1038/4571071b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=161&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NEWS FEATURES
----------------------
International Polar Year: In from the Cold pp1072-1077
As scientists celebrate the end of the International Polar Year, they
see causes for concern on the frozen horizon, reports Quirin Schiermeier.
Quirin Schiermeier
doi:10.1038/4571072a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=297&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
International Polar Year: Notes from the poles pp1074-1075
The International Polar Year (IPY) has covered two full annual cycles
at both poles. Consisting of 170 projects, it has involved more than
60 countries and cost about US$1.2 billion.
doi:10.1038/4571074a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=286&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
International Polar Year: The social pole? pp1077-1078
As change in the Arctic accelerates, scientists and indigenous peoples
have pressing reasons to work together, reports Richard Monastersky.
Richard Monastersky
doi:10.1038/4571077a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=275&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
CORRESPONDENCE
----------------------
OPINION
Human dignity must be basis for debate on primate research p1079
Tim Fieblinger
doi:10.1038/4571079a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=139&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Rare BSE mutation raises concerns over risks to public health p1079
Malcolm A. Ferguson-Smith and Jurgen A. Richt
doi:10.1038/4571079b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=261&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Scientific links with Cuba flourished despite US embargo p1079
Arnold L. Demain
doi:10.1038/4571079c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=274&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Idea of a love drug was no mystery to Shakespeare p1079
Joan G. Ehrenfeld
doi:10.1038/4571079d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=44&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
COMMENTARY
----------------------
OPINION
Man, machine and in between pp1080-1081
Brain-implantable devices have a promising future. Key safety issues
must be resolved, but the ethics of this new technology present few
totally new challenges, says Jens Clausen.
Jens Clausen
doi:10.1038/4571080a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=34&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
ESSAY
----------------------
OPINION
Microbial awakenings p1083
A theory of how microbes 'wake up' from dormancy could help to solve
scientific mysteries and improve disease control, says
Slava S. Epstein.
doi:10.1038/4571083a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=106&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
BOOKS AND ARTS
----------------------
OPINION
In Retrospect: the physics of sand dunes pp1084-1085
Ralph Bagnold's wartime posting to map the dunes of North Africa was
like a desert epic -- and it inspired his classic text on how wind-blown
grains self-organize into regular patterns, explains Philip Ball.
Philip Ball reviews Physics of Blown Sand and Desert Dunes by
Ralph Bagnold
doi:10.1038/4571084a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=221&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Inside the map-maker's mind pp1085-1086
Jon Christensen reviews The Natures of Maps: Cartographic Constructions
of the Natural World by Denis Wood and John Fels.
doi:10.1038/4571085a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=114&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Who's watching you? p1086
John Gilbey reviews The Privacy Advocates: Resisting the Spread of
Surveillance by Colin J. Bennett
doi:10.1038/4571086a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=66&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Movies for a scientific mind p1087
Jascha Hoffman reviews the Sundance Film Festival.
Jascha Hoffman
doi:10.1038/4571087a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=266&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Q&A: Getting under Darwin's skin p1087
Charles Darwin's relationship with his wife Emma is the subject of
the film Creation. Actor Paul Bettany describes portraying Darwin's
turmoil over his daughter's death and religious conflict with his wife.
Adam Rutherford
doi:10.1038/4571087b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=298&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NEWS AND VIEWS
----------------------
Global change: Carbon in idle croplands pp1089-1090
The collapse of the Soviet Union had diverse consequences, not least
the abandonment of crop cultivation in many areas. One result has been
the vast accumulation of soil organic carbon in the areas affected.
Geoffrey M. Henebry
doi:10.1038/4571089a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=272&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Alzheimer's disease: A prion protein connection pp1090-1091
More than 20 million people worldwide have Alzheimer's disease, yet
its causes remain mostly uncertain. Fresh findings provide molecular
clues, linking this disease to another neurodegenerative disorder.
Moustapha Cisse and Lennart Mucke
doi:10.1038/4571090a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=166&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Asteroids: When planets migrate pp1091-1093
A study of the main asteroid belt, which lies between Mars and Jupiter,
reveals an excess depletion of asteroids that was triggered by the
migration of giant planets in the early history of the Solar System.
Kevin J. Walsh
doi:10.1038/4571091a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=135&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
50 & 100 years ago p1092
doi:10.1038/4571092a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=290&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Climate change: Southern see-saw seen pp1093-1094
The bipolar see-saw hypothesis provides an explanation for why
temperature shifts in the two hemispheres were out of phase at
certain times. The hypothesis has now passed a test of one of
its predictions.
Jeffrey P. Severinghaus
doi:10.1038/4571093a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=27&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Palaeontology: Birth of the jawed vertebrates pp1094-1095
The discovery of embryos in certain fossil fishes not only shows that
internal fertilization and live birth evolved early in vertebrate
history, but also raises questions about the origin of jawed
vertebrates.
Per E. Ahlberg
doi:10.1038/4571094a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=138&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Obesity: Fat chance p1095
Sadaf Shadan
doi:10.1038/4571095a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=292&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
BRIEF COMMUNICATIONS ARISING
----------------------
Is REST required for ESC pluripotency? ppE4-E5
Helle F. Jorgensen, Zhou-Feng Chen, Matthias Merkenschlager and
Amanda G. Fisher
doi:10.1038/nature07783
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=53&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=179&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Is REST a regulator of pluripotency? ppE5-E6
Noel J. Buckley, Rory Johnson, Yuh-Man Sun and Lawrence W. Stanton
doi:10.1038/nature07784
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=222&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=305&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Singh et al. reply pE7
Sanjay K. Singh et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07785
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=303&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=242&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
CORRIGENDUM
Ecologically implausible carbon response? pE8
Wim de Vries et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07826
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=227&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
ARTICLES
----------------------
Interhemispheric Atlantic seesaw response during the last deglaciation
pp1097-1102
An analysis of the last deglaciation shows that the South Atlantic
cooled essentially instantaneously with warming in the North Atlantic.
This first concrete evidence of an immediate seesaw connection provides
a link between the rapid warming in the North Atlantic and the more
gradual Antarctic response.
Stephen Barker et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07770
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=195&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=312&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
A mechanosensitive transcriptional mechanism that controls angiogenesis
pp1103-1108
Rho signalling is shown to regulate angiogenesis in response to mechanical
signals such as extracellular matrix elasticity, or the angiogenic factor
VEGF. The pathway modulates the antagonistic functions of two transcription
factors, TFII-I and GATA2, which regulate the expression of VEGFR2.
Akiko Mammoto et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07765
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=56&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=141&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
=========================== ADVERTISEMENT ===========================
Nature Review Molecular Cell Biology
Poster on Production and Actions of Small RNAs
Recent progress in cloning, deep sequencing
and bioinformatics have revealed an astounding
landscape of small RNAs in eukaryotic cells.
This Poster by V. Narry Kim and Mikiko C. Siomi
depicts our current understanding of the processing
pathways of eukaryotic small RNAs and their
possible mechanisms of action.
Access the Poster FREE online!
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=89&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Produced with support from:
Abcam
=====================================================================
----------------------
LETTERS
----------------------
A record of planet migration in the main asteroid belt pp1109-1111
The main asteroid belt has gaps cleared by the giant planets. This
paper shows that the observed distribution of main belt asteroids
does not fill uniformly even those regions that are dynamically stable
over the age of the Solar System. There is a pattern of excess depletion
of asteroids that is not accounted for by planetary perturbations in the
current structure of the Solar System, but are consistent with dynamical
ejection of asteroids by the sweeping of gravitational resonances during
the migration of Jupiter and Saturn ~4 Gyr ago.
David A. Minton and Renu Malhotra
doi:10.1038/nature07778
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=86&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=291&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Large positive magnetoresistive effect in silicon induced by the
space-charge effect pp1112-1115
This paper finds an unusually large magnetoresistance -- dependence of
electrical resistance on magnetic field -- of 1,000% at room temperature
in a simple device based on lightly doped silicon between two non-magnetic
metallic contacts. The size of the effect is comparable to that of 'colossal
magnetoresistance' found in certain magnetic systems, although the underlying
mechanism is very different. The observed magnetoresistance effect could
be used to develop new magnetic devices based on silicon.
Michael P. Delmo et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07711
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=130&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=69&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Friction laws at the nanoscale pp1116-1119
For large objects sliding over one another, the friction force is
proportional to the true contact area between the two bodies -- this
is smaller than the apparent contact area as the surfaces are rough,
consisting of a large number of smaller features (asperities) that
actually make contact. Here a related idea holds for contacts at the
nanoscale: the friction force depends linearly on the number of atoms
(rather than asperities) chemically interacting across the sliding
interfaces.
Yifei Mo, Kevin T. Turner and Izabela Szlufarska
doi:10.1038/nature07748
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=74&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=188&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Giant aeolian dune size determined by the average depth of the atmospheric
boundary layer pp1120-1123
This paper shows that the growth of aeolian giant dunes, ascribed to the
non-linear interaction between small-scale superimposed dunes, is limited
by the confinement of the flow over the average depth of the atmospheric
boundary layer. The findings explain the mean spacing of aeolian giant dunes
ranging from 300 metres in coastal deserts to 3.5 kilometres.
Bruno Andreotti et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07787
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=270&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=111&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Devonian arthrodire embryos and the origin of internal fertilization
in vertebrates pp1124-1127
This paper reveals evidence of embryos within Incisoscutum (a member
of the arthrodires, a large, important and diverse group of placoderms).
Incisoscutum had pelvic girdles of the right structure to support organs
like the claspers of sharks, which are used in internal fertilization.
The find confirms that internal fertilization and viviparity were much
more widespread among the earliest jawed vertebrates than had previously
been appreciated.
John A. Long, Kate Trinajstic and Zerina Johanson
doi:10.1038/nature07732
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=121&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=250&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cellular prion protein mediates impairment of synaptic plasticity by
amyloid-[bgr] oligomers pp1128-1132
This paper shows that the effects of amyloid-beta oligomers on long-term
potentiation are mediated by the cellular prion protein -- notorious
for its involvement in diseases such as bovine spongiform encephalopathy,
new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and kuru.
Juha Lauren et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07761
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=145&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=57&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Intracortical circuits of pyramidal neurons reflect their long-range
axonal targets pp1133-1136
Using quadruple whole-cell recordings, this study tested for synaptic
connections among heterogeneous populations of cortical excitatory cells
(pyramidal neurons), and found highly connected local circuits of neurons,
each reflecting the neurons' long-range projections to a different brain
region. The findings illustrate a diversity of dense cortical
microcircuitry associated with the variety of information streams that
produce our repertoire of behaviours and internal states.
Solange P. Brown and Shaul Hestrin
doi:10.1038/nature07658
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=49&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=280&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Dendritic encoding of sensory stimuli controlled by deep cortical
interneurons pp1137-1141
This study uses a new fibre-optic method to record dendritic calcium
signals in freely moving animals. The strength of a sensory stimulus
is gradually encoded in somatosensory cortex neurons' dendrites, under
the control of local inhibitory circuitry. The findings illustrate
that the representation of sensory stimuli by cortical neurons cannot
be fully described by traditional integrate-and-fire models.
Masanori Murayama et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07663
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=224&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=314&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
The subcellular organization of neocortical excitatory connections
pp1142-1145
A recent optogenetic method has been adapted to map long-range inputs
onto various segments of the dendritic arborizations of cortical pyramidal
neurons. Specific inputs tend to cluster in distinct domains within
dendritic trees. Such spatial segregation of different axonal inputs
within dendrites may strengthen coupling of coherent cell populations
during neuronal information processing and learning.
Leopoldo Petreanu, Tianyi Mao, Scott M. Sternson and Karel Svoboda
doi:10.1038/nature07709
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=189&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=37&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Deficiency of a [bgr]-arrestin-2 signal complex contributes to insulin
resistance pp1146-1149
Beta-arrestin-2, an adaptor protein, is necessary for efficient insulin
signalling by scaffolding downstream kinases, Akt and Src, to the insulin
receptor. Without beta-arrestin-2 insulin resistance develops.
Bing Luan et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07617
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=191&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=285&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Organ regeneration does not require a functional stem cell niche in
plants pp1150-1153
In the plant root system it is thought that the stem cell niche is a
local pattern 'organizer' required for both continuous post-embryonic
growth and regeneration. Here, the root stem cell niche is shown to be
not necessary for pattern formation and re-establishment of cell identity,
separating growth from re-patterning.
Giovanni Sena et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07597
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=154&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=301&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Ca2+/calmodulin regulates salicylic-acid-mediated plant immunity
pp1154-1158
This paper reports a novel link between calcium signalling and
salicylic-acid-mediated responses (both important for plant immunity).
AtSR1, a calcium/calmodulin-binding transcription factor, is shown to
be a negative regulator of plant immunity by suppressing biosynthesis
of salicylic acid.
Liqun Du et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07612
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=46&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=197&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Direct observation of the nanoscale dynamics of membrane lipids in a
living cell pp1159-1162
Christian Eggeling et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07596
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=63&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=172&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase-tRNAPyl structure reveals the molecular
basis of orthogonality pp1163-1167
This paper shows that Desulfitobacterium hafniense pyrrolysyl-tRNA
synthetase-tRNAPyl is an orthogonal pair in vivo and in vitro. The
structure of the co-complex reveals the distinct interactions of
the protein and tRNA that distinguish this pair from those which
function with the twenty standard amino acids.
Kayo Nozawa et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07611
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=90&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=315&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
CORRIGENDUM
----------------------
A role for VEGF as a negative regulator of pericyte function and
vessel maturation p1168
Joshua I. Greenberg et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07824
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=6&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
ERRATUM
----------------------
Adaptive immune features of natural killer cells p1168
Joseph C. Sun, Joshua N. Beilke and Lewis L. Lanier
doi:10.1038/nature07833
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=307&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
CORRIGENDUM
----------------------
Regulation of ERBB2 by oestrogen receptor-PAX2 determines response
to tamoxifen p1168
Antoni Hurtado et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07835
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=117&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NATUREJOBS
----------------------
Prospects
Expert Counsel p1169
Career-conscious scientists should heed advice given to governments
and institutions about coping with the downturn.
Gene Russo
doi:10.1038/nj7233-1169a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=265&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Region
Weathering the slump p1170
Despite an economy that is sputtering, Ireland has recommitted to
investing in science. Quirin Schiermeier examines the latest research
investments on the Emerald Isle.
Quirin Schiermeier
doi:10.1038/nj7233-1170a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=54&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Career View
John Polich, director, Global NeuroLab Operations, NeuroFocus, Berkeley,
California p1172
Neuroscientist brings expertise in brain-wave activity to new role as
director of Global NeuroLab.
Virginia Gewin
doi:10.1038/nj7233-1172a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=112&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
EMBL offers lab training in Europe p1172
New training centre in Germany seen as counterpart to US facility.
Paul Smaglik
doi:10.1038/nj7233-1172b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=211&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Nice day for a white wedding? p1172
A shotgun wedding and a big move
Joanne Isaac
doi:10.1038/nj7233-1172c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=45&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
FUTURES
----------------------
Lost in sun and silence p1174
The golden age of communication.
Vincenzo Palermo
doi:10.1038/4571174a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=243&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
Advance Online Publication
----------------------
25 February 2009
Adaptation of HIV-1 to human leukocyte antigen class I
Yuka Kawashima et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07746
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=5&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=148&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
FGF signalling during embryo development regulates cilia length in
diverse epithelia
Judith M. Neugebauer et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07753
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=40&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=157&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Clustering of InsP3 receptors by InsP3 retunes their regulation by
InsP3 and Ca2+
Taufiq-Ur-Rahman, Alexander Skupin, Martin Falcke and Colin W. Taylor
doi:10.1038/nature07763
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=140&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=123&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Identification of IFRD1 as a modifier gene for cystic fibrosis
lung disease
YuanYuan Gu et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07811
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=287&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=302&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
22 February 2009
Membrane scission by the ESCRT-III complex
Thomas Wollert, Christian Wunder, Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz and
James H. Hurley
doi:10.1038/nature07836
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=183&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=159&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Inactivation of the Fto gene protects from obesity
Julia Fischer et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07848
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=252&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=143&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Tyrosine dephosphorylation of H2AX modulates apoptosis and survival
decisions
Peter J. Cook et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07849
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=185&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=71&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
=========================== ADVERTISEMENT ===========================
Journal of Perinatology continues to impact the
work of researchers and the lives of neonates for
nearly 30 years.
Journal of Perinatology delivers original articles,
clinical reviews, and research reports on the latest
findings in neonatology, covering:
- Maternal and fetal medicine
- The neonatal period
- The follow-up of the infant and child
to view the latest research and gain open access to
timely and popular articles throughout the year when
you register online.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=99&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
=====================================================================
You have been sent this Table of Contents Alert because you have opted in to
receive it. You can change or discontinue your e-mail alerts at any time,
by modifying your preferences on your nature.com account at:
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=22&m=31718386&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDYxMjUyODMS1&mt=1&rt=0
(You will need to log in to be recognised as a nature.com registrant).
For further technical assistance, please contact our registration department:
registration@nature.com
For print subscription enquiries, please contact our subscription department:
subscriptions@nature.com
For other enquiries, please contact our customer feedback department:
feedback@nature.com
Nature Publishing Group | 75 Varick Street, 9th Floor | New York |
NY 10013-1917 | USA
Nature Publishing Group's worldwide offices:
London - Paris - Munich - New Delhi - Tokyo - Melbourne -
San Diego - San Francisco - Washington - New York - Boston
(c) Copyright 2009 Nature Publishing Group
=====================================================================
