12 February 2009 Volume 457 Number 7231, pp 763 - 926
Visit Nature online to browse the journal.
Now available at http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=114&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Please note that you need to be a subscriber to enjoy full text access
to Nature online. To purchase a subscription, please visit:
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=24&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Alternatively, to recommend a subscription to your library, please visit
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=61&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
=========================== ADVERTISEMENT ===========================
Darwin 200
Nature celebrates the birthday of Charles Darwin with a Darwin 200
special, published alongside a Nature Insight on Evolution, which
focuses on Darwin's theory of descent with modification by means
of natural selection. All Darwin-related content, including a Nature
Video interview with David Attenborough and a special Nature Podcast
can be accessed within our Darwin 200 special. Selected content
available free online.
Bookmark the Darwin 200 special for a growing collection of news,
research and analysis on Darwin's life, his science and his legacy.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=263&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
=====================================================================
=========================== ADVERTISEMENT ===========================
Web Focus: Being Human
Last week Nature marked the end of a series of Essays
that reveal how the latest research is altering our
understanding of what it is to be human. Each Essay
looks at a particular human characteristic or issue
that's central to human life such as language, conflict
and love. Last week's Essay offers an explanation for
why, as societies consume more energy, people become
wealthier but also have fewer children.
Click here to access the series.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=228&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Discuss your findings on Nature Network.
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=148&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
=====================================================================
----------------------
EDITORIALS
----------------------
Humanity and evolution pp763-764
Charles Darwin's thinking about the natural world was profoundly
influenced by his revulsion for slavery.
doi:10.1038/457763a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=145&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Natural value p764
The economic downturn might be the best time to include ecosystem
services in the real economy.
doi:10.1038/457764a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=66&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
----------------------
Human evolution: Relative values p766
doi:10.1038/457766a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=30&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Geoscience: Ancient forests p766
doi:10.1038/457766b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=78&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Genetics: Shady dealings p766
doi:10.1038/457766c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=200&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Nanotechnology: Stretch marks p766
doi:10.1038/457766d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=8&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Molecular biology: Solo signal p766
doi:10.1038/457766e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=296&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Neuroscience: Burning sensation pp766-767
doi:10.1038/457766f
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=134&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Astrophysics: Where are the dwarfs? p767
doi:10.1038/457767a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=52&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Chemistry: Bangs in the dark p767
doi:10.1038/457767b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=83&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Zoology: Horny? p767
doi:10.1038/457767c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=104&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Neuroscience: Precision memories p767
doi:10.1038/457767d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=283&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
JOURNAL CLUB
----------------------
Journal club p767
Susan E. Hough
doi:10.1038/457767e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=184&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NEWS
----------------------
Genome sequencing: the third generation pp768-769
Companies unveil data from their latest technologies.
Erika Check Hayden
doi:10.1038/457768a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=162&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Britain hits a hurdle in replacing key animal-pathogen facility p769
Ministry pulls out of deal to redevelop Pirbright laboratory.
Natasha Gilbert
doi:10.1038/457769a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=201&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Obama puts focus on FDA after peanut poisonings pp770-771
Salmonella outbreak prompts review of US food safety
Meredith Wadman
doi:10.1038/457770a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=212&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
One more step for private Moon mission pp770-771
Odyssey Moon secures Dutch payload.
Ashley Yeager
doi:10.1038/457770b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=306&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Neglected disease boost pp772-773
Fresh funding aims to raise awareness and improve control measures.
Declan Butler
doi:10.1038/457772a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=243&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Dutch university slashes evolution staff pp772-773
Leiden researchers launch legal challenge over sackings.
Alison Abbott
doi:10.1038/457772b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=168&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
US nuclear agency to consider defensive move p774
Will the National Nuclear Security Administration leave the energy
department?
Eric Hand
doi:10.1038/457774a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=248&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Obama demands rethink of regulatory processes p775
doi:10.1038/457775a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=173&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
US takes pole position in generation of wind power p775
doi:10.1038/457775b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=120&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Pakistan releases nuclear smuggler from house arrest p775
doi:10.1038/457775c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=35&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Sweden backs construction of new nuclear plants p775
doi:10.1038/457775d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=70&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Transgenic drug gets green light from the United States p775
doi:10.1038/457775e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=48&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Lucy's museum tour threatens to become a spell in storage p775
doi:10.1038/457775f
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=129&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NEWS FEATURES
----------------------
Darwin 200: The other strand pp776-779
Geneticists looked to the human genome to understand human evolution.
But it's hard to interpret without considering the inheritance of
culture, finds Erika Check Hayden.
Erika Check Hayden
doi:10.1038/457776a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=205&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Darwin 200: Human nature: the remix pp780-783
People's mindsets are neither fixed by evolution nor infinitely
malleable by culture. Dan Jones looks for the similarities that
underlie the diversity of human nature.
Dan Jones
doi:10.1038/457780a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=51&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
CORRESPONDENCE
----------------------
OPINION
Multiple metrics required to measure research performance p785
Stevan Harnad
doi:10.1038/457785a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=206&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Evolution shapes systems, not just genes p785
Mark S. Blumberg
doi:10.1038/457785b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=137&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
How objective is a definition in the subspecies debate? p785
Malte C. Ebach and David M. Williams
doi:10.1038/457785c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=260&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Batteries versus biomass as a transport solution p785
Martin Smith
doi:10.1038/457785d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=275&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
COMMENTARIES
----------------------
OPINION
Darwin 200: Should scientists study race and IQ? NO: Science and
society do not benefit pp786-788
In the first of two opposing commentaries, Steven Rose argues that
studies investigating possible links between race, gender and
intelligence do no good. In the second, Stephen Ceci and Wendy M. Williams
argue that such research is both morally defensible and important for
the pursuit of truth.
Steven Rose
doi:10.1038/457786a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=44&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Darwin 200: Should scientists study race and IQ? YES: The scientific
truth must be pursued pp788-789
In this, the second of two opposing commentaries, Stephen Ceci and
Wendy M. Williams argue that such research is both morally defensible
and important for the pursuit of truth. In the first, Steven Rose
argues that studies investigating possible links between race, gender
and intelligence do no good.
Stephen Ceci and Wendy M. Williams
doi:10.1038/457788a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=34&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
ESSAY
----------------------
OPINION
Darwin 200: A flight of fancy pp790-791
Henry Nicholls wonders how things would be different had Charles Darwin
given in to pressure from his publisher to rewrite Origin of Species
into a popular book about pigeons.
Henry Nicholls
doi:10.1038/457790a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=105&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
BOOKS AND ARTS
----------------------
OPINION
Darwin 200: A vision of humanity united pp792-793
A controversial new reconstruction of Charles Darwin's life suggests
his family's campaign against slavery influenced his belief that all
humans evolved from a single ancestor, explains W. F. Bynum.
W. F. Bynum reviews Darwin's Sacred Cause: Race, Slavery and the Quest
for Human Origins by Adrian Desmond and James Moore
doi:10.1038/457792a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=218&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Darwin 200: Poems from Darwin's descendant pp794-795
Amid the many analyses of Darwin's life and work, a more intimate
literary portrait emerges from the poetry of his great-great-granddaughter,
Ruth Padel. Her series of poems on his life -- six of which are
reproduced here -- evokes the emotion and drama of the naturalist's
discoveries.
doi:10.1038/457794a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=113&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NEWS AND VIEWS
----------------------
Virology: Final entry key for hepatitis C pp797-798
To propagate, the hepatitis C virus relies on entry into liver cells.
Ironically, cellular proteins that normally assemble firm seals between
adjacent cells serve as crucial keys by which the virus gains access.
Thomas Pietschmann
doi:10.1038/457797a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=68&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Quantum optics: A grip on entanglement pp798-799
Quantum buffers will be an essential part of quantum-information
networks. A buffer that can preserve not only a 'quantum bit' but
also a 'quantum image' is a major step towards creating those networks.
John C. Howell
doi:10.1038/457798a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=202&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Diagnostics: The prostate-cancer metabolome pp799-800
Non-invasive detection and prognostic evaluation of cancer represents
a formidable challenge. Studies of the entire metabolite composition
of cells promise advances towards this objective for prostate cancer.
Cory Abate-Shen and Michael M. Shen
doi:10.1038/457799a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=273&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Solid-state chemistry: Boron charged under pressure pp800-801
Crystal-structure prediction methods and diffraction data show that a
newly discovered form of boron is partially ionic. This is the first
time such a structure has been observed for any elemental solid.
John S. Tse
doi:10.1038/457800a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=97&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Developmental biology: Birth of the blood cell pp801-803
Could it be that mouse fetal liver cells and adult bone-marrow blood
cells originate from a subset of cells that line the blood vessels in
the embryo? Several lines of evidence suggest that this is indeed the
case.
Momoko Yoshimoto and Mervin C. Yoder
doi:10.1038/457801a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=279&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Evolution: Unnatural selection pp803-804
Fishing and hunting by humans are the main causes of mortality in many
populations of wild animals. The consequence is that large and rapid
changes occur in certain characteristics that far exceed changes due
to other agents.
Nils Chr. Stenseth and Erin S. Dunlop
doi:10.1038/457803a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=106&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Analytical chemistry: Reactions assayed by magnets p805
Does it float or sink? And to what extent? The answers to these questions
can be used to follow the course of chemical reactions on solid supports,
and are obtained simply by using two magnets, a salt solution and a ruler.
David E. Bergbreiter
doi:10.1038/457805a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=149&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
INSIGHT
----------------------
EDITORIAL
Evolution p807
Henry Gee and Rory Howlett
doi:10.1038/457807a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=177&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
OVERVIEW ARTICLE
Natural selection 150 years on pp808-811
Mark Pagel
doi:10.1038/nature07889
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=219&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=307&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
REVIEW ARTICLE
The origin and evolution of arthropods pp812-817
Graham E. Budd and Maximilian J. Telford
doi:10.1038/nature07890
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=305&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=241&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Deep homology and the origins of evolutionary novelty pp818-823
Neil Shubin, Cliff Tabin and Sean Carroll
doi:10.1038/nature07891
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=225&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=21&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
The Beagle in a bottle pp824-829
Angus Buckling, R. Craig Maclean, Michael A. Brockhurst and Nick Colegrave
doi:10.1038/nature07892
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=313&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=88&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Adaptation and diversification on islands pp830-836
Jonathan B. Losos and Robert E. Ricklefs
doi:10.1038/nature07893
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=139&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=261&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Darwin's bridge between microevolution and macroevolution pp837-842
David N. Reznick and Robert E. Ricklefs
doi:10.1038/nature07894
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=89&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=292&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
The nature of selection during plant domestication pp843-848
Michael D. Purugganan and Dorian Q. Fuller
doi:10.1038/nature07895
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=130&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=72&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
BRIEF COMMUNICATIONS ARISING
----------------------
ETS rearrangements and prostate cancer initiation pE1
Brett S. Carver et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07738
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=136&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=13&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Tomlins et al. reply ppE2-E3
Scott A. Tomlins et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07739
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=293&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=156&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
ARTICLES
----------------------
Life without a wall or division machine in Bacillus subtilis pp849-853
L-form cells can derive from various bacterial species and do not possess
a cell wall. It is shown that Bacillus subtilis can convert into L-form
through a single point mutation, and that B. subtilus L-form cells are
able to propagate independent of FtsZ, an essential component of the
bacterial cell division machinery.
M. Leaver et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07742
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=98&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=76&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
ChIP-seq accurately predicts tissue-specific activity of enhancers
pp854-858
Determining the spatial and temporal activity patterns of enhancers
remains a challenge in the functional annotation of the human genome.
In this study, the genome-wide occupancy of the enhancer-associated
protein p300 was determined in developing mouse tissues by using
chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by massively parallel sequencing.
Testing the p300-bound sequences in a transgenic mouse enhancer assay
confirmed that p300 binding is a highly effective means to identify
enhancers and to predict in which tissues they are active.
Axel Visel et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07730
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=253&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=271&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
LETTERS
----------------------
Tunable delay of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entanglement pp859-862
This paper uses four-wave mixing in atomic vapour cells to obtain an
optically tunable delay for Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entangled beams
of light. The four-wave mixing preserves the quantum spatial correlations
of the entangled beams, allowing demonstration of rudimentary quantum
memory for images.
A. M. Marino, R. C. Pooser, V. Boyer and P. D. Lett
doi:10.1038/nature07751
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=81&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=121&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Ionic high-pressure form of elemental boron pp863-867
This paper has explored the high-pressure behaviour of boron and uncovered
a new phase that consists of negatively charged icosahedral B12 clusters
and positively charged B2 pairs. The ionicity of the new phase strongly
affects many of its properties, and arises from the different electronic
properties of the B12 clusters and B2 pairs and the resultant charge
transfer between them.
Artem R. Oganov et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07736
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=250&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=143&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Nanomoulding with amorphous metals pp868-872
This work proposes a new method for moulding features down to the 13-nm
range onto amorphous metallic surfaces, which are much more durable
materials. The features thus made can in turn be replicated in materials
with lower softening temperatures, or they can be erased and moulded
again, providing a new way to produce for example rewritable media supports.
Golden Kumar, Hong X. Tang and Jan Schroers
doi:10.1038/nature07718
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=215&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=50&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Magma-compensated crustal thinning in continental rift zones pp873-876
This study presents a seismic profile across southern Lake Baikal in
Siberia, demonstrating that only a surface manifestation is observed
there. These findings may point toward a new role for magmatism in
the rifting process.
H. Thybo and C. A. Nielsen
doi:10.1038/nature07688
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=247&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=222&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
A burst of segmental duplications in the genome of the African great
ape ancestor pp877-881
A comparative segmental duplication map of four primate genomes that
allows the evolutionary history of all human segmental duplications
to be reconstructed is presented. It reveals a fourfold acceleration
of segmental duplication accumulation during the speciation of human,
chimpanzee and gorilla at a time when other mutational processes were
slowing, and also provides a detailed evolutionary history of all human
segmental duplications as a resource to the human genetics community.
Tomas Marques-Bonet et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07744
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=19&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=102&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Human occludin is a hepatitis C virus entry factor required for
infection of mouse cells pp882-886
This report identifies the gap junction protein occludin as the fourth
and final key component of the hepatitis C virus cell-entry receptor,
paving the way towards the development of a small animal model for
hepatitis C virus.
Alexander Ploss et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07684
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=119&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=7&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Runx1 is required for the endothelial to haematopoietic cell transition
but not thereafter pp887-891
It is shown that all haematopoietic stem cells that eventually populate
the adult marrow arise from embryonic endothelial cells. This could be
important for scientists working on ways to generate haematopoeitic
stem cells from embryonic stem cells, as a haemogenic endothelium would
have to be generated first.
Michael J. Chen et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07619
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=259&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=62&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
The haemangioblast generates haematopoietic cells through a haemogenic
endothelium stage pp892-895
There are two theories of how haematopoeitic cells arise during embryonic
development. One is that haematopoietic cells arise from a mesodermal
progenitor with both endothelial and haematopoietic potential called the
haemangioblast. Another associates the first haematopoietic cells to an
endothelial cell with haematopoietic potential, the haemogenic endothelium.
This paper shows that both theories are correct. The haemangioblast
generates haematopoietic cells through the formation of a haemogenic
endothelium intermediate.
Christophe Lancrin et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07679
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=302&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=158&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Continuous single-cell imaging of blood generation from haemogenic
endothelium pp896-900
Recent studies have indicated that embryonic blood is produced by
endothelial cells, which also form blood vessels and arteries. This
paper uses a direct imaging and cell tracking approach to directly
show that embryonic endothelial cells do produce blood. By imaging
cells over days, they were able to show that a subset of embryonic
endothelial cells formed blood cells.
Hanna M. Eilken, Shin-Ichi Nishikawa and Timm Schroeder
doi:10.1038/nature07760
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=47&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=195&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Calcium flickers steer cell migration pp901-905
Directional cell movement depends on an intracellular calcium gradient.
This study identifies calcium flickers in migrating fibroblasts and
these are most active at the leading edge of cells. In the presence
of a chemotactic gradient, an asymmetric gradient of calcium flicker
activity develops which promotes turning of cells towards the
direction of the chemoattractant.
Chaoliang Wei et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07577
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=147&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=65&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
ABIN-1 is a ubiquitin sensor that restricts cell death and sustains
embryonic development pp906-909
It is shown that ABIN-1 (a protein that interacts with the
ubiquitin-editing enzyme A20 and is thought to negatively influence
NF-[kappa]B signalling) is essential for life; without it, mice die
during embryogenesis with fetal liver apoptosis and anaemia. This
appears unrelated to the role of ABIN-1 in NF-[kappa]B signalling.
Shigeru Oshima et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07575
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=214&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=91&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Metabolomic profiles delineate potential role for sarcosine in prostate
cancer progression pp910-914
A systematic analysis of metabolites in prostate cancer samples has led
to the identification of sarcosine as a putative biomarker detectable in
urine, which could potentially be used to aid prostate cancer diagnosis.
Sarcosine promotes the invasion of prostate cancer cells and may play a
role in metastasis.
Arun Sreekumar et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07762
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=310&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=6&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
A stress-responsive RNA switch regulates VEGFA expression pp915-919
The binding of small ligands to RNAs is a mechanism for regulation of
gene expression in bacteria, fungi and plants. This work describes the
first RNA switch to be identified in human cells. This element in the
3' UTR of the VEGFA mRNA can bind two different complexes, GAIT
or HNRNPL. The binding of one induces a specific conformation that
precludes binding of the other. Which factor is bound depends on
environmental signals indicating inflammatory and hypoxic status.
Partho Sarothi Ray et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07598
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=308&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=153&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
CORRIGENDUM
----------------------
Nuclear cytokine-activated IKK[agr] controls prostate cancer metastasis
by repressing Maspin p920
Jun-Li Luo et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07715
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=242&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NATUREJOBS
----------------------
Prospects
European innovation p921
By some measures, Europe is improving its innovation performance.
Gene Russo
doi:10.1038/nj7231-921a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=265&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Special Report
Darwin 200: Beyond bones p922
Ricki Lewis reports on biological anthropologists' branching out into
crime forensics and science policy.
Ricki Lewis
doi:10.1038/nj7231-922a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=55&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Career View
Philip Mote, director, Oregon Climate Change Research Institute,
Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon p924
Climatologist takes top post at new climate research institute
in Oregon.
Virginia Gewin
doi:10.1038/nj7231-924a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=111&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
No drug for job haemorrhage p924
Company executives at Pfizer and Wyeth aren't revealing where
merger-related job cuts would be.
Karen Kaplan
doi:10.1038/nj7231-924b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=208&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cutting a deal for my career p924
My career choices sometimes make me feel like I'm in a bad game show.
Sam Walcott
doi:10.1038/nj7231-924c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=46&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
FUTURES
----------------------
For the love of mechanical minds p926
Survival of the fittest?
Brenda Cooper
doi:10.1038/457926a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=9&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
Advance Online Publication
----------------------
11 February 2009
Comprehensive polymorphism survey elucidates population structure of
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Joseph Schacherer, Joshua A. Shapiro, Douglas M. Ruderfer and Leonid
Kruglyak
doi:10.1038/nature07670
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=183&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=312&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Chromatin remodelling factor Mll1 is essential for neurogenesis from
postnatal neural stem cells
Daniel A. Lim et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07726
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=221&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=190&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Population genomics of domestic and wild yeasts
Gianni Liti et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07743
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=45&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=213&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
IFN[agr] activates dormant haematopoietic stem cells in vivo
Marieke A. G. Essers et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07815
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=281&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=254&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
08 February 2009
An unexpected twist in viral capsid maturation
Ilya Gertsman et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07686
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=110&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=238&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Dynamic expression of epidermal caspase 8 simulates a wound healing
response
Pedro Lee et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07687
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=234&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=17&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Antiviral immunity in Drosophila requires systemic RNA interference
spread
Maria-Carla Saleh et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07712
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=269&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=187&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Sphingosine-1-phosphate mobilizes osteoclast precursors and regulates
bone homeostasis
Masaru Ishii et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07713
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=304&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=40&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Specific synapses develop preferentially among sister excitatory neurons
in the neocortex
Yong-Chun Yu, Ronald S. Bultje, Xiaoqun Wang and Song-Hai Shi
doi:10.1038/nature07722
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=171&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=181&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
=========================== ADVERTISEMENT ===========================
Cool new website, Hot science jobs!
Naturejobs is pleased to announce naturejobs.com
has a new and improved look and functionality,
making your online experience even better!
Check out our redesign and find thousands of scientific
vacancies, careers information, podcasts, advertising
options and more!
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=233&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
mail to: naturejobs@nature.com
=====================================================================
You have been sent this Table of Contents Alert because you have opted in to
receive it. You can change or discontinue your e-mail alerts at any time,
by modifying your preferences on your nature.com account at:
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=22&m=31360533&r=MTc2MTc4Mzk0MQS2&b=2&j=NDU3MDc4MzAS1&mt=1&rt=0
(You will need to log in to be recognised as a nature.com registrant).
For further technical assistance, please contact our registration department:
registration@nature.com
For print subscription enquiries, please contact our subscription department:
subscriptions@nature.com
For other enquiries, please contact our customer feedback department:
feedback@nature.com
Nature Publishing Group | 75 Varick Street, 9th Floor | New York |
NY 10013-1917 | USA
Nature Publishing Group's worldwide offices:
London - Paris - Munich - New Delhi - Tokyo - Melbourne -
San Diego - San Francisco - Washington - New York - Boston
(c) Copyright 2009 Nature Publishing Group
=====================================================================
