Nature Immunology Contents: February 2009 Volume 10 pp 127 - 223

TABLE OF CONTENTS February 2009 Volume 10, Issue 2 Editorial Commentary News and Views Research Highlights Perspective Articles Corrigenda Errata Recommend to your library Web feed Available online only Subscribe Advertisement Article Series on Tissue-Specific Immune Responses Beginning in October 2008, Nature Reviews Immunology began a series of articles related to tissue-specific immune responses. The series will feature articles that consider aspects of immune responses in the context of the tissue in which they occur, highlighting how tissue cells or tissue-derived factors in different organs can shape the outcome of these responses. Follow the series today: www.nature.com/nri/series/tissue-specific   Editorial Top Relax rights to human genes p127 doi:10.1038/ni0209-127 The time has come to reassess the benefits of the present practice of patenting human genetic material. Full Text | PDF Commentary Top Animal models of human type 1 diabetes pp129 - 132 Matthias von Herrath and Gerald T Nepom doi:10.1038/ni0209-129 Type 1 diabetes is an immune-mediated disease in which pancreatic insulin-producing beta cells are damaged and destroyed. Animal models have served a prominent function in the development of the present ideas of pathogenesis and approaches to therapy. This commentary addresses the utility and limitations of these models for facilitating the 'translation' of immunology research into clinical applications. Full Text | PDF News and Views Top Homeostasis of naive T cells: the Foxo that fixes pp133 - 134 Antonio A Freitas and Benedita Rocha doi:10.1038/ni0209-133 The transcription factor Foxo1 regulates the homeostasis of naive peripheral T cells by 'translating' nutrient-availability signals into the expression of lymphoid tissue-homing molecules and the receptor for interleukin 7. Full Text | PDF See also: Article by Kerdiles et al. An unexpected twist for autophagy in Crohn's disease pp134 - 136 Tamaki Yano and Shoichiro Kurata doi:10.1038/ni0209-134 Autophagy has been linked to inflammatory bowel disease. Studies of two different mouse strains deficient in the autophagy-related gene product Atg16L1 now show that autophagy is important in regulating the secretory function of Paneth cells and the production of inflammatory cytokines in the intestine. Full Text | PDF Niche marketing: regulation of the homeostasis of naive CD4+ T cells pp136 - 138 Jonathan Kaye doi:10.1038/ni0209-136 Compared with that of naive CD8+ T cells, the homeostatic population expansion of naive CD4+ T cells in a lymphopenic environment is limited. New data indicate that this difference is caused by high systemic concentrations of IL-7, which inhibit the function of dendritic cells. Full Text | PDF See also: Article by Guimond et al. Helping and harming have something in common pp138 - 140 Gudrun F Debes and Steven L Reiner doi:10.1038/ni0209-138 The multifarious fates of CD4+ T helper cells mediate helpful and harmful immunity. An unexpected kinship between 'harmful' interleukin 17-producing T helper cells and 'helpful' follicular T helper cells has now been found. Full Text | PDF See also: Article by Bauquet et al. Immunology JOBS of the week Tenure-Track Faculty Positions - Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA Postdoctoral Positions Technische Universitat Dresden Dresden Germany Director National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Bethesda, MD 20892-1670 United States PhD Studentships The Bloomsbury Colleges London United Kingdom Assistant Professor Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford, CA 94305-5124 United States More Science jobs from Immunology EVENT Tackling and Imaging the Complexity of the Immune System 20-24 April 2009 Heidelberg, Germany More science events from Research Highlights Top Research Highlights p141 doi:10.1038/ni0209-141 Full Text | PDF Perspective Top The molecular basis of TCR germline bias for MHC is surprisingly simple pp143 - 147 K Christopher Garcia, Jarrett J Adams, Dan Feng and Lauren K Ely doi:10.1038/ni.f.219 Abstract | Full Text | PDF Articles Top Interleukin 7 signaling in dendritic cells regulates the homeostatic proliferation and niche size of CD4+ T cells pp149 - 157 Martin Guimond, Rachelle G Veenstra, David J Grindler, Hua Zhang, Yongzhi Cui, Ryan D Murphy, Su Young Kim, Risu Na, Lothar Hennighausen, Sema Kurtulus, Batu Erman, Polly Matzinger, Melinda S Merchant and Crystal L Mackall doi:10.1038/ni.1695 Compared with naive CD8+ T cells, naive CD4+ T cells undergo inefficient homeostatic proliferation. Mackall and colleagues now attribute this difference to interleukin 7-mediated suppression of the expression of MHC class II on dendritic cells. Abstract | Full Text | PDF See also: News and Views by Kaye The kinase PDK1 integrates T cell antigen receptor and CD28 coreceptor signaling to induce NF-κB and activate T cells pp158 - 166 Sung-Gyoo Park, Jan Schulze-Luehrman, Matthew S Hayden, Naoko Hashimoto, Wataru Ogawa, Masato Kasuga and Sankar Ghosh doi:10.1038/ni.1687 The mechanism by which the coreceptor CD28 contributes to T cell activation is vague. Ghosh and colleagues find that CD28 facilitates NF-κB activation by regulating recruitment and phosphorylation of the kinase PDK1. Abstract | Full Text | PDF The costimulatory molecule ICOS regulates the expression of c-Maf and IL-21 in the development of follicular T helper cells and TH-17 cells pp167 - 175 Aurelie T Bauquet, Hulin Jin, Alison M Paterson, Meike Mitsdoerffer, I-Cheng Ho, Arlene H Sharpe and Vijay K Kuchroo doi:10.1038/ni.1690 The costimulatory molecule ICOS is important for the development of both interleukin 17-producing and follicular T helper cells. Kuchroo and colleagues find that ICOS induces the transcription factor c-Maf, which regulates the population expansion of both helper cell types. Abstract | Full Text | PDF See also: News and Views by Debes & Reiner Foxo1 links homing and survival of naive T cells by regulating L-selectin, CCR7 and interleukin 7 receptor pp176 - 184 Yann M Kerdiles, Daniel R Beisner, Roberto Tinoco, Anne S Dejean, Diego H Castrillon, Ronald A DePinho and Stephen M Hedrick doi:10.1038/ni.1689 Factors governing T cell homeostasis are poorly defined. Hedrick and colleagues find that the transcription factor Foxo1 maintains the homeostasis of naive T cells by regulating genes involved in T cell trafficking and survival. Abstract | Full Text | PDF See also: News and Views by Freitas & Rocha Regulation of conformer-specific activation of the integrin LFA-1 by a chemokine-triggered Rho signaling module pp185 - 194 Matteo Bolomini-Vittori, Alessio Montresor, Cinzia Giagulli, Donald Staunton, Barbara Rossi, Marianna Martinello, Gabriela Constantin and Carlo Laudanna doi:10.1038/ni.1691 Leukocyte adhesion is governed by the affinity state of integrin LFA-1. Laudanna and colleagues show that many Rho GTPase family members interact to form a regulatory module that regulates LFA-1 activation. Abstract | Full Text | PDF Hypoxia-inducible factor-dependent induction of netrin-1 dampens inflammation caused by hypoxia pp195 - 202 Peter Rosenberger, Jan M Schwab, Valbona Mirakaj, Eva Masekowsky, Alice Mager, Julio C Morote-Garcia, Klaus Unertl and Holger K Eltzschig doi:10.1038/ni.1683 Hypoxia incites inflammation, particularly at mucosal surfaces. Eltzschig and colleagues show that hypoxia also suppresses inflammation by inducing expression of the neuronal guidance molecule netrin-1, which inhibits the transepithelial migration of neutrophils. Abstract | Full Text | PDF Dectin-1 directs T helper cell differentiation by controlling noncanonical NF-κB activation through Raf-1 and Syk pp203 - 213 Sonja I Gringhuis, Jeroen den Dunnen, Manja Litjens, Michiel van der Vlist, Brigitte Wevers, Sven C M Bruijns and Teunis B H Geijtenbeek doi:10.1038/ni.1692 The C-type lectin dectin-1 induces T cell responses. Geijtenbeek and colleagues demonstrate that in human dendritc cells, dectin-1 ligands induce two independent signaling pathways that act in synergy at the point of activation of nuclear factor-κB. Abstract | Full Text | PDF Fc receptor γ-chain, a constitutive component of the IL-3 receptor, is required for IL-3-induced IL-4 production in basophils pp214 - 222 Shigeaki Hida, Sho Yamasaki, Yuzuru Sakamoto, Masaya Takamoto, Kazushige Obata, Toshiyuki Takai, Hajime Karasuyama, Kazuo Sugane, Takashi Saito and Shinsuke Taki doi:10.1038/ni.1686 The adaptor Fc receptor common γ-chain transduces signals for many immunoreceptors. Taki and colleagues find that this adaptor 'reroutes' interleukin 3 signals to induce interleukin 4 production and T helper 2 differentiation. Abstract | Full Text | PDF Corrigenda Top Corrigendum: Interactions among the transcription factors Runx1, RORγ t and Foxp3 regulate the differentiation of interleukin 17-producing T cells p223 Fuping Zhang, Guangxun Meng and Warren Strober doi:10.1038/ni0209-223a Full Text | PDF Corrigendum: Enhanced Toll-like receptor responses in the absence of signaling adaptor DAP12 p223 Jessica A Hamerman, Nadia K Tchao, Clifford A Lowell and Lewis L Lanier doi:10.1038/ni0209-223b Full Text | PDF Errata Top Erratum: Calcium signaling in immune cells p223 Monika Vig and Jean-Pierre Kinet doi:10.1038/ni0209-223c Full Text | PDF Erratum: The Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines transports chemokines and supports their promigratory activity p223 Monika Pruenster, Liesbeth Mudde, Paula Bombosi, Svetla Dimitrova, Marion Zsak, Jim Middleton, Ann Richmond, Gerard J Graham, Stephan Segerer, Robert J B Nibbs and Antal Rot doi:10.1038/ni0209-223d Full Text | PDF Erratum: Cortical sinus probing, S1P1-dependent entry and flow-based capture of egressing T cells p223 Irina L Grigorova, Susan R Schwab, Tri Giang Phan, Trung H M Pham, Takaharu Okada and Jason G Cyster doi:10.1038/ni0209-223e Full Text | PDF Top Advertisement Cell Death & Differentiation presents the first Special Issue of 2009: Autophagy in Aging, Disease and Death: the True Identity of a Cell Death Impostor In this issue, prominent scientists review the basic physiology of autophagy, as a well as its implications for health and disease, in infection, immune responses, cancer, a range of organ-specific pathologies, and in age-related disorders. 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