11 December 2008 Volume 456 Number 7223, pp 675 - 836
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EDITORIALS
----------------------
What next for Mars? p675
Future missions to the red planet require coordination -- and a keen
eye on costs.
doi:10.1038/456675a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=260&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Watching Big Brother pp675-676
The world is sleepwalking into a surveillance society. A European
court ruling offers a timely wake-up call.
doi:10.1038/456675b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=280&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Failure in the field p676
The US military's human-terrain programme needs to be brought to a
swift close.
doi:10.1038/456676a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=264&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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Climate change: Climate fallout p678
doi:10.1038/456678a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=73&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Astronomy: That's the weigh to do it p678
doi:10.1038/456678b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=124&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Developmental biology: Swing time p678
doi:10.1038/456678c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=46&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Materials science: Tough shell secrets p678
doi:10.1038/456678d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=205&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Molecular biology: Not so common sense p678
doi:10.1038/456678e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=135&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Microbiology: The ABC of anthrax pp678-679
doi:10.1038/456678f
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=125&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Ecology: The alien within p679
doi:10.1038/456679a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=233&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Nanotechnology: Scalable solution p679
doi:10.1038/456679b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=127&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Animal behaviour: Love bite p679
doi:10.1038/456679c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=42&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Immunology: T cells get tired p679
doi:10.1038/456679d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=109&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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JOURNAL CLUB
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Journal club p679
Eric D. Tytell
doi:10.1038/456679e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=195&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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NEWS
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Malaria vaccine gets shot in the arm from tests pp680-681
Promising results pave the way for a vaccine candidate to undergo
full-blown trials across Africa.
Brendan Maher
doi:10.1038/456680a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=155&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
France cracks down on Iranian scientists pp680-681
Agency tightens rules for foreign visitors.
Declan Butler
doi:10.1038/456680b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=288&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Feathers fly over Hawaiian bird pp682-683
Dispute could stymie efforts to save rare honeycreeper.
Rex Dalton
doi:10.1038/456682a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=36&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Rule change for human grants sparks spat at NIH pp682-683
Bid to extend length of certain applications draws fire.
Meredith Wadman
doi:10.1038/456682b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=287&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Plant hormone study pulled pp683
Canadian lab retracts work on abscisic acid.
Emma Marris
doi:10.1038/456683a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=37&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Patent pledge to Indian universities pp685-686
Critics worry that push for technology transfer is moving too fast.
T. V. Padma
doi:10.1038/456685a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=113&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
India creates funding council for basic science pp685
Autonomous agency will begin operations in April.
K. S. Jayaraman
doi:10.1038/456685b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=253&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
UN suspends leading carbon-offset firm pp686-687
Emissions trading rocked as Norwegian company is left in limbo.
Quirin Schiermeier
doi:10.1038/456686a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=138&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Kansas wins race to host biodefence research centre pp687
University touts its expertise in researching animal diseases.
Rex Dalton
doi:10.1038/456687a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=147&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
French research faces shake-up in reform plans p689
doi:10.1038/456689a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=60&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Mars mission delayed by concerns over reliability pp689
doi:10.1038/456689b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=240&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Obama makes green choice for commerce department pp689
doi:10.1038/456689c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=175&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
UK scientists promised £250 million for training p689
doi:10.1038/456689d
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=72&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Institutions to disclose more commercial ties pp689
doi:10.1038/456689e
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=5&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Hadron collider faces long wait for repairs pp689
doi:10.1038/456689f
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=324&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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NEWS FEATURES
----------------------
Mars exploration: Phoenix: A race against time pp690-695
Eric Hand reports on the short life and hard times of the little Mars
lander that sort-of-could.
doi:10.1038/456690a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=251&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cell biology: Stretching the imagination pp696-699
Squash them, pinch them, twist them, pull them — cells react to
physical forces, finds Claire Ainsworth.
doi:10.1038/456696a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=87&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
CORRESPONDENCE
----------------------
Bovine TB: don't get rid of the cat because the mice have gone p700
Noel H. Smith and Richard Clifton-Hadley
doi:10.1038/456700a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=116&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Bovine TB: stopping disease control would block all live exports p700
Stephen V. Gordon
doi:10.1038/456700b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=130&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Right environment can enhance 'innate' entrepreneurial skills p700
Hermann Hauser
doi:10.1038/456700c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=62&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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COMMENTARIES
----------------------
The food crisis isn't over p701
Although the credit crunch has lowered the price of food, a global
recession now raises the hunger pains of the most vulnerable. The
stage is set for the next international food crisis,
says Joachim von Braun.
doi:10.1038/456701a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=265&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Towards responsible use of cognitive-enhancing drugs by the
healthy pp702-705
Society must respond to the growing demand for cognitive enhancement.
That response must start by rejecting the idea that 'enhancement' is a
dirty word, argue Henry Greely and colleagues.
doi:10.1038/456702a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=305&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
BOOKS AND ARTS
----------------------
Entangled quantum histories pp706-707
Two chronicles of quantum mechanics tell a good tale but don't reflect
the conflicts between the physicists who struggled to reconcile theory
and fact, explains Don Howard.
Don Howard reviews The Age of Entanglement: When Quantum Physics Was
Reborn by Louisa GilderQuantum: Einstein, Bohr, and the Great Debate
about the Nature of Reality by Manjit Kumar
doi:10.1038/456706a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=290&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Back to the roots of crop farming pp707-708
Tobias Plieninger reviews Where Our Food Comes From: Retracing Nikolay
Vavilov's Quest to End Famine by Gary Paul Nabhan
doi:10.1038/456707a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=187&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Early days of science broadcasting p708
Tim Boon reviews Science on the Air: Popularizers and Personalities on
Radio and Early Television by Marcel Chotkowski LaFollette
doi:10.1038/456708a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=236&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Trading Bronze Age technology p709
Josie Glausiusz reviews Beyond Babylon: Art, Trade, and Diplomacy in
the Second Millennium B.C.
doi:10.1038/456709a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=108&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Q&A: Helium walks into a bar... p709
Science comedian Brian Malow is a regular performer on the museum and
conference circuit in the United States. He explains why he finds
science funny, and how he uses comedy to gain the public's interest.
doi:10.1038/456709b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=128&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NEWS AND VIEWS
----------------------
Organic chemistry: How to beat an alcohol problem pp711-712
Some alcohols can't be made in a way that controls the crucial
arrangement of chemical groups in the molecule. A reaction that uses
common laboratory reagents offers a practical route to these
compounds.
Karl B. Hansen
doi:10.1038/456711a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=86&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Microbial ecology: Metabolism of the deep pp712-714
Certain microorganisms from the domain Archaea seem to be big players
in the marine carbon and nitrogen cycles. A study linking their
abundance in the deep sea to their likely metabolic profile refines
this view.
Christa Schleper
doi:10.1038/456712a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=218&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
50 & 100 years ago p713
doi:10.1038/456713a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=191&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Astrophysics: Quest for a habitable world pp714-715
A neat technique, applied to the brightest transiting extrasolar
planet known, identifies an indisputable signature of water vapour
in the planet's atmosphere. The method might be used to probe a nearby
habitable world.
Drake Deming
doi:10.1038/456714a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=143&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Neuroscience: Brain power pp715-716
The brain relies on blood to supply oxygen and glucose for energy.
Surprisingly, neuronal activity, acting via supporting cells called
astrocytes, can increase or decrease blood flow depending on whether
oxygen levels are low or high.
Catherine N. Hall and David Attwell
doi:10.1038/456715a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=79&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Materials science: Deformation of the ultra-strong pp716-717
In situ electron microscopy observations of the extrusion of single
nanocrystals from graphitic cages show that these crystals deform near
their theoretical strength limits. The question is how this happens.
Subra Suresh and Ju Li
doi:10.1038/456716a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=313&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Obituary: Martin Lindauer (1918-2008) p718
Prime mover in behavioural physiology and sociobiology.
Thomas D. Seeley
doi:10.1038/456718a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=137&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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INSIGHT
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EDITORIAL
Quantitative genetics p719
Chris Gunter
doi:10.1038/456719a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=326&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
PROGRESS ARTICLE
Next-generation genetics in plants pp720-723
Magnus Nordborg and Detlef Weigel
doi:10.1038/nature07629
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=166&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=249&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Applying mouse complex-trait resources to behavioural genetics pp724-727
Jonathan Flint and Richard Mott
doi:10.1038/nature07630
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=97&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=268&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
COMMENTARY ARTICLE
Progress and challenges in genome-wide association studies in humans pp728-731
Peter Donnelly
doi:10.1038/nature07631
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=284&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=238&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
A global network for investigating the genomic epidemiology of malaria pp732-737
doi:10.1038/nature07632
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=220&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=15&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
REVIEW ARTICLE
Reverse engineering the genotype-phenotype map with natural genetic variation pp738-744
Matthew V. Rockman
doi:10.1038/nature07633
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=80&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=51&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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BRIEF COMMUNICATION ARISING
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FCA does not bind abscisic acid ppE5-E6
Joanna M. Risk, Richard C. Macknight and Catherine L. Day
doi:10.1038/nature07646
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=219&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=43&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
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ARTICLES
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Brain metabolism dictates the polarity of astrocyte control over
arterioles pp745-749
Calcium signalling in glial cells couples neuronal activity to
regional changes in cerebral blood flow, but the polarity of its
effect on the diameter of neighbouring arterioles has remained
controversial. This paper reveals that when the glycolytic state of
the brain is enhanced by lower tissue oxygenation, glia-mediated
vasoconstrictions convert to vasodilations.
Grant R. J. Gordon et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07525
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=74&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=282&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Antigenic variation in Giardia lamblia is regulated by RNA
interference pp750-754
Antigenic variation is a process by which pathogens switch surface
antigen expression during infection to escape immune recognition.
Giardia lamblia, a major cause of parasitic diarrhoea, is now shown to
regulate antigenic variation by RNA interference.
Cesar G. Prucca et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07585
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=10&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=177&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Negative feedback that improves information transmission in yeast
signalling pp755-761
In the Saccharomyces cerevisiae pheromone response pathway, the MAP
kinase Fus3 mediates the rapid negative feedback that adjusts the
dose-response of the downstream system response to match that of
receptor-ligand binding. This 'dose-response alignment' improves the
fidelity of information transmission. Negative feedback could be used
as a general mechanism in signalling systems to align dose-responses.
Richard C. Yu et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07513
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=17&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=211&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
The replisome uses mRNA as a primer after colliding with RNA
polymerase pp762-766
Head-on collision between the replication and transcription
machineries halts DNA synthesis. This work examines what happens when
a replisome bumps up against an engaged RNA polymerase. The study
finds that the RNA polymerase is displaced from the DNA, but the
replisome and the nascent mRNA remain attached. A replication assembly
factor, the beta-clamp, finds the 3prime end of the mRNA and recruits
the still-bound replisome, which exploits the mRNA as a primer to
reinitiate DNA synthesis.
Richard T. Pomerantz and Mike O'Donnell
doi:10.1038/nature07527
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=121&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=146&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
LETTERS
----------------------
Strong water absorption in the dayside emission spectrum of the planet
HD 189733b pp767-769
Indications of the presence of water in the atmosphere of the planet
HD 189733b have recently been found in transmission spectra. This
paper reports the detection of strong water absorption in a high
signal-to-noise, mid-infrared emission spectrum of the planet itself.
The differences between these and previous observations are
significant and admit the possibility that predicted planetary-scale
dynamical weather structures might alter the emission spectrum over
time.
Carl J. Grillmair et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07574
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=25&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=163&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Strong ocean tidal flow and heating on moons of the outer planets pp770-772
There is support for the idea that there are liquid oceans on several
moons of the outer planets, with Jupiter's moon Europa having received
the most attention. But it is unclear how these oceans remain liquid.
This paper describes strong tidal dissipation (and heating) in the
liquid oceans of such moons, and shows that a previously unconsidered
tidal force due to obliquity has the right form and frequency to
resonantly excite large-amplitude Rossby waves.
Robert H. Tyler
doi:10.1038/nature07571
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=153&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=307&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
A solid-state light-matter interface at the single-photon level pp773-777
To realize scalable quantum information networks, it will be important
to develop techniques for storage and retrieval of light at the single
photon level. Quantum interfaces between light and matter have been
demonstrated, but mainly with atomic gases that involve sophisticated
schemes to trap the atoms. This paper demonstrates a potentially more
practical approach; coherent and reversible mapping of a light field
with less than one photon per pulse onto an ensemble of ~107 atoms
naturally trapped in a solid state medium. The state of the light is
mapped onto collective atomic excitations on an optical transition
and stored for a pre-programmed time up of to one microsecond before
being retrieved again.
Hugues de Riedmatten et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07607
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=221&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=58&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Enantiodivergent conversion of chiral secondary alcohols into tertiary
alcohols pp778-782
A new method to convert secondary alcohols in their single mirror
image form into tertiary alcohols has been developed. Starting from a
single enantiomer of the secondary alcohol, either mirror image form
of the tertiary alcohol can be made with very high levels of
stereocontrol. A broad range of tertiary alcohols can now be easily
made by this method with very high levels of selectivity.
Jake L. Stymiest, Viktor Bagutski, Rosalind M. French and Varinder K. Aggarwal
doi:10.1038/nature07592
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=228&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=4&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Strain accommodation by slow slip and dyking in a youthful continental
rift, East Africa pp783-787
Continental rifts initiate and develop through repeated episodes of
faulting and magmatism, yet strain partitioning between faulting and
magmatism during discrete rifting episodes remains poorly documented.
It is shown that most of the strain during the July-August 2007
seismic crisis in the Natron rift, Tanzania, was released
aseismically. This event provides evidence for strain accommodation
by magma intrusion, in addition to slip along normal faults, during
the initial stages of continental rifting, and before significant
crustal thinning.
Eric Calais et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07478
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=49&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=98&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Major gradients in putatively nitrifying and non-nitrifying Archaea in
the deep North Atlantic pp788-791
Crenarchaeota, which comprise the most abundant clade of organisms on
Earth, are believed to be responsible for the majority of ammonia
oxidation in terrestrial and marine environments. But recent studies
have suggested that not all species are autotrophic. Using a
comprehensive dataset, it is now shown that a significant proportion
of marine crenarchaeota lack the genes required for ammonia oxidation,
suggesting that they are heterotrophs.
Helene Agogue, Maaike Brink, Julie Dinasquet and Gerhard J. Herndl
doi:10.1038/nature07535
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=40&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=318&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Strong effect of dispersal network structure on ecological dynamics pp792-794
How the interactions between predators and prey affect the overall
dynamics of ecosystems is a central question of ecology. This paper
shows that by focusing on ecologically relevant interactions, that
is, smaller systems in which interactions are strong, it is possible
to simulate ecosystems that favour asynchrony of predator and prey
cycles, with prolonged transient dynamics, just as ecologists observe
in nature.
Matthew D. Holland and Alan Hastings
doi:10.1038/nature07395
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=186&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=11&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Coordinate control of synaptic-layer specificity and rhodopsins in
photoreceptor neurons pp795-799
Brain development requires the coordinated differentiation and wiring
of numerous neuronal cell types based on a relatively limited set of
genes. This study dissects the interplay of positive and negative gene
transcription regulators, which orchestrate the coordinated synthesis
of specific photosensitive pigments and axon guidance molecules in a
subset of Drosophila photoreceptor neurons.
Marta Morey et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07419
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=2&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=6&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Temporal identity in axonal target layer recognition pp800-803
Growing neuronal processes such as axons and dendrites must reach and
stop within specific target areas in the developing brain. But most
cell surface molecules critical for such targeting are too broadly
expressed to allow for regional specificity. It is now shown that
distinct axons stop in different Cadherin-N expressing layers on the
basis of when and how long they express the transcription factor
sequoia.
Milan Petrovic and Thomas Hummel
doi:10.1038/nature07407
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=229&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=140&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Generation of a prostate from a single adult stem cell pp804-808
This paper identifies CD117 as a marker of a rare adult mouse prostate
stem cell population, and uses this marker in combination with others
to isolate single cells that can generate a prostate upon
transplantation in vivo. These prostate stem cells also exhibit
long-term self-renewal.
Kevin G. Leong, Bu-Er Wang, Leisa Johnson and Wei-Qiang Gao
doi:10.1038/nature07427
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=234&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=45&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
A role for VEGF as a negative regulator of pericyte function and
vessel maturation pp809-813
VEGF is an important angiogenic factor that has been implicated in
tumourigenesis. Two papers now show that the function of VEGF is far
more complex, as VEGF can negatively regulate angiogenesis and limit
tumourigenesis. This study found that VEGF can inhibit angiogenesis
by impeding the function of the PDGF receptor on pericytes, leading
to a loss of pericyte coverage of blood vessels. This involves the
formation of heterodimers between the receptors for VEGF and PDGF.
Joshua I. Greenberg et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07424
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=285&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=34&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Deletion of vascular endothelial growth factor in myeloid cells
accelerates tumorigenesis pp814-818
VEGF is an important angiogenic factor that has been implicated in
tumourigenesis. Two papers now show that the function of VEGF is far
more complex, as VEGF can negatively regulate angiogenesis and limit
tumourigenesis. In the second paper, VEGF production was deleted in
myeloid cells, but not other cell types. Unexpectedly, more rapid
tumour development in these mice was found at the same time as
attenuated tumour vascularization and the formation of morphologically
and functionally normalized blood vessels. In contrast, tumours
lacking VEGF altogether grew more slowly.
Christian Stockmann et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07445
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=54&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=115&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
DNA double-strand breaks activate a multi-functional genetic program
in developing lymphocytes pp819-823
As part of the response to exogenous DNA damage, the transcription of
certain genes involved in cell cycle checkpoints and survival is
affected; these changes help the cell to maintain its genomic
integrity. There are also situations in which endogenous,
physiological DNA double-strand breaks occur. This paper shows that
the breaks which initiate the rearrangement of antigen receptor genes
also activate a transcriptional program, but with a difference. Many
of the regulated genes are involved in lymphocyte development.
Andrea L. Bredemeyer et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07392
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=92&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=263&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
ERRATUM
----------------------
Sex determination involves synergistic action of SRY and SF1 on a
specific Sox9 enhancer p824
Ryohei Sekido and Robin Lovell-Badge
doi:10.1038/nature07622
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=279&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
RETRACTION
----------------------
The RNA-binding protein FCA is an abscisic acid receptor p824
Fawzi A. Razem, Ashraf El-Kereamy, Suzanne R. Abrams
and Robert D. Hill
doi:10.1038/nature07645
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=188&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
TECHNOLOGY FEATURES
----------------------
Cell imaging: New ways to see a smaller world pp825-828
Advances in imaging are allowing researchers to gain better insights
into the function of tissues, cells and even individual molecules.
Nathan Blow examines the latest technologies lighting the way.
doi:10.1038/456825a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=184&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cell imaging: Light activated pp826-827
doi:10.1038/456826a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=289&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Cell imaging: Table of suppliers pp829-830
doi:10.1038/456829a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=325&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
NATUREJOBS
----------------------
Prospects p831
Finding the passion.
Gene Russo
doi:10.1038/nj7223-831a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=322&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Careers and Recruitment
Old fuels, new wealth p832
Staff shortages in the US fossil-fuel industry are good news for
geologists, chemists and physicists. The boom is likely to continue
despite the economic downturn and the rise of renewable energy,
says Emma Marris.
doi:10.1038/nj7223-832a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=259&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
FUTURES
----------------------
Man of steel p836
A long and happy life?
rpg
doi:10.1038/456836a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=104&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
----------------------
Advance Online Publication
----------------------
10 December 2008
Contact inhibition of locomotion in vivo controls neural crest
directional migration
Carlos Carmona-Fontaine et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07441
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=201&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=272&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Endochondral ossification is required for haematopoietic stem-cell
niche formation
Charles K. F. Chan et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07547
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=300&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=194&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Frequent somatic mutations of GNAQ in uveal melanoma and blue naevi
Catherine D. Van Raamsdonk et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07586
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=159&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=105&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Detoxification of sulphidic African shelf waters by blooming
chemolithotrophs
Gaute Lavik et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07588
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=223&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=309&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Enhancing SIV-specific immunity in vivo by PD-1 blockade
Vijayakumar Velu et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07662
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=139&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=216&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
07 December 2008
Endonucleolytic RNA cleavage by a eukaryotic exosome
Alice Lebreton, Rafal Tomecki, Andrzej Dziembowski
and Bertrand Seraphin
doi:10.1038/nature07480
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=81&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=230&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Allergenicity resulting from functional mimicry of a Toll-like
receptor complex protein
Aurelien Trompette et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07548
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=244&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=203&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli EtpA mediates adhesion between
flagella and host cells
Koushik Roy et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07568
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=304&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=55&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
ABIN-1 is a ubiquitin sensor that restricts cell death and sustains
embryonic development
Shigeru Oshima et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07575
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=120&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=252&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Chlamydia causes fragmentation of the Golgi compartment to ensure
reproduction
Dagmar Heuer et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07578
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=315&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=100&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Counting RAD51 proteins disassembling from nucleoprotein filaments
under tension
Joost van Mameren et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07581
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=148&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=114&m=30643983&r=MTQxMDI1NjIxMwS2&b=2&j=NDM3NjcxMTMS1&mt=1&rt=0
=========================== ADVERTISEMENT ===========================
Genetics and Genomics of Infectious Diseases 2009
March 21-24, 2009
Ritz Carlton Millenia, Singapore
This conference will engage basic and clinical scientists,
including human geneticists, genome scientists, computational
biologists, and experts in pathogenic microbial agents to
chart the effects of genomics on questions in global
infectious disease management.
For more information and to register visit:
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