Nature 1 January 2009 Volume 457 Number 7225 pp7 - 122

NATURE

1 January 2009 Volume 457 Number 7225, pp 7 - 122

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EDITORIALS
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Starry messages p7
The first scientific observations with telescopes displaced Earth from the centre
of the Universe. Modern technology continues to humble us but should not distance
us from the cosmos itself.
doi:10.1038/457007a
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Experts still needed pp7-8
There are good reasons to be suspicious of metric-based research assessment.
doi:10.1038/457007b
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A public service p8
The Christmas bird count is a model to be emulated in distributed, volunteer science.
doi:10.1038/457008a
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Announcement: Evolutionary gems p8
doi:10.1038/457008b
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NEWS
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Obama's picks underline climate focus pp10-11
Strong roles for biologists as the president-elect chooses his science and
technology team.
Eric Hand and Alexandra Witze
doi:10.1038/457010a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=115&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

Universities struggle as value of endowments falls pp11-12
Tough decisions need to be made about how to cut costs.
Eric Hand
doi:10.1038/457011a
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Good grades, but who gets the cash? p13
Britain's Research Assessment Exercise finds excellence more widespread than a
focus on elite institutions would suggest.
Natasha Gilbert
doi:10.1038/457013a
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Single fund for African science aid p14
Cash pool could break power struggles between competing agencies on the continent.
Linda Nordling
doi:10.1038/457014a
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Medical charity folds after investment losses pp16-16
doi:10.1038/457016a
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Spanish solar companies slammed over subsidy fraud p16
doi:10.1038/457016b
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US firms power up to build advanced batteries pp16-16
doi:10.1038/457016c
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Health organization lays plans for major biobank p16
doi:10.1038/457016d
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NASA awards contracts to supply space station pp16-16
Ashley Yeager
doi:10.1038/457016e
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First antenna switches on in the Atacama pp16-16
Geoff Brumfiel
doi:10.1038/457016f
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CORRECTION
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Correction pp16-16
doi:10.1038/457016g
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=74&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

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COLUMN
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The new boss in town pp17-17
Barack Obama's transition team is hitting the ground running, and its speed
and openness are winning praise, as David Goldston reports.
doi:10.1038/457017a
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NEWS FEATURE
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Year of astronomy: New eyes, new skies pp18-25
The next 40 years will see telescopes that far outstrip any ever seen before.
Jeff Kanipe profiles four of them; illustrations by Lynette Cook.
doi:10.1038/457018a
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CORRESPONDENCE
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Obama must match science rhetoric with action p26
Lisa Borghesi
doi:10.1038/457026a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=33&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

Problems with anti-plagiarism database p26
Mauno Vihinen
doi:10.1038/457026b
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Honeybee and the Phoenix analysing instrument p26
William V. Boynton
doi:10.1038/457026c
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=96&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

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COMMENTARY
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Time to turn off the lights p27
Cities needlessly shine billions of dollars directly into the sky each year
and, as a result, a fifth of the world's population cannot see the Milky Way.
Malcolm Smith explains why a dark sky has much to offer everyone.
doi:10.1038/457027a
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ESSAY
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Year of astronomy: Mankind's place in the Universe pp28-29
Technological developments in astronomy have long helped to answer some of the
greatest questions tackled by humanity, recounts Owen Gingerich.
doi:10.1038/457028a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=153&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

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BOOKS AND ARTS
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Year of astronomy: Visions of ourselves p30
The view of our planet from space is beautiful and humbling, yet this shift in
human perspective has not altered how we care for our environment, argues
Charles Cockell.
Charles Cockell reviews Earthrise: How Man First Saw the Earth by Robert Poole
doi:10.1038/457030a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=91&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

Year of astronomy: Q&A: One giant leap for art p31
Astronaut Alan Bean stepped down onto the lunar surface during the 1969 Apollo 12
mission, but left NASA in 1981 to devote himself to painting. With exhibitions of
his work taking place this year to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the first
Moon landing, he tells Nature how he attempts to convey his lunar experience.
Daniel Cressey
doi:10.1038/457031a
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Year of astronomy: Voyaging to discovery, alone pp31-32
David Bodanis reviews The Age of Wonder: How the Romantic Generation Discovered the
Beauty and Terror of Science by Richard Holmes
doi:10.1038/457031b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=77&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

Year of astronomy: Star poetry p32
doi:10.1038/457032a
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Year of astronomy: Hidden treasures: the Paris Observatory p33
Giovanni Domenico Cassini helped to create an institution that pinpointed Neptune,
showed that light had a finite speed -- and even mapped France, explains Alison Abbott.
Alison Abbott
doi:10.1038/457033a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=83&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

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NEWS AND VIEWS
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Quantum physics: Squeeze until it hurts pp35-36
Quantum systems are uncertain by nature. By 'squeezing' this uncertainty, physicists
can make better measurements of quantities such as distance. But overdoing it makes
things burst out all over the place.
Geoff J. Pryde
doi:10.1038/457035a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=93&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

50 & 100 years ago p36
doi:10.1038/457036a
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Cancer: Inflaming metastasis pp36-37
Cancer can be defined by six hallmarks, including uncontrollable growth, immortality and
the ability to invade other tissues. Increasing evidence suggests that a seventh feature
should make this list -- inflammation.
Alberto Mantovani
doi:10.1038/457036b
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=84&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

Astrophysics: Star formation branches out pp37-39
Deciphering how stars form within turbulent, dense clouds of molecular gas has been a
challenge. An innovative technique that uses a tree diagram provides insight into the process.
Ralph E. Pudritz
doi:10.1038/457037a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=110&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

Game theory: How to treat those of ill repute pp39-40
A much-needed theoretical analysis deals with whether the principle known as 'costly punishment'
helps to maintain cooperation in human society. It will prompt a fresh wave of experiments
and theory.
Bettina Rockenbach and Manfred Milinski
doi:10.1038/457039a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=127&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

Darwin 200: A natural selection p40
doi:10.1038/457040a
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REVIEW
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18 years of science with the Hubble Space Telescope pp41-50
No colour figure form or editor's summary needed.
Julianne J. Dalcanton
doi:10.1038/nature07621
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=200&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=92&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

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ARTICLES
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Cell-cycle restriction limits DNA damage and maintains self-renewal of leukaemia stem cells pp51-56
After expression of the PML-RAR oncogene in haematopoietic stem cells, p21 is necessary to limit
cell cycle progression and thus limit the accumulation of DNA damage which would otherwise limit
the self-renewal of leukaemic stem cells and prevent the development of leukaemia
Andrea Viale et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07618
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=61&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=194&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

WSTF regulates the H2A.X DNA damage response via a novel tyrosine kinase activity pp57-62
An early cellular response to the occurrence of DNA double-strand breaks in mammals is the
phosphorylation of the specialized histone variant H2A.X at Ser 139. The chromatin remodelling
factor WSTF is found to phosphorylate H2A.X at another site, Tyr 142. Tyrosine phosphorylation
has not been observed previously on histones.
Andrew Xiao et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07668
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=94&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=17&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

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LETTERS
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A role for self-gravity at multiple length scales in the process of star formation pp63-66
Self-gravity plays a decisive role in the final stages of star formation, where dense cores
inside molecular clouds collapse to form star-plus-disk systems. But the role of self-gravity
at earlier times is unclear. This paper reports a dendogram analysis that reveals that
self-gravity plays a significant role over the full range of scales traced by 13CO observations
in L1448, but not everywhere in the observed region.
Alyssa A. Goodman et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07609
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=101&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=34&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

Squeezing and over-squeezing of triphotons pp67-70
Quantum measurements are subject to an uncertainty that is usually distributed equally between
pairs of complementary properties (such as position and momentum). However, a technique known
as 'squeezing' can be used to reduce the uncertainty of one desired property at the expense of
increasing that of the other. Squeezing may have a critical role in high precision applications
such as atomic clocks and optical communications. This paper demonstrates the ultimate squeezing
limit for the polarization of a composite optical system.
L. K. Shalm, R. B. A. Adamson and A. M. Steinberg
doi:10.1038/nature07624
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=56&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=69&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

Optical manipulation of nanoparticles and biomolecules in sub-wavelength slot waveguides pp71-75
This paper describes the combination of near-field optical forces (such as those used in optical traps)
to confine nanoscopic matter inside a liquid core-slot waveguide and photon scattering forces to
transport them. The waveguide overcomes the diffraction limits of conventional optical trapping
systems to manipulate objects down to tens of nanometres in scale. As the waveguide is linear, it
can also manipulate extended biomolecules demonstrated by trapping and transporting DNA molecules.
Allen H. J. Yang et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07593
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=205&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=136&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

Seismic evidence for overpressured subducted oceanic crust and megathrust fault sealing pp76-78
This study models converted teleseismic waves to constrain the seismological properties of
subducted oceanic crust from the Cascadia continental margin to its intersection with the
forearc mantle. The observations suggest that water is pervasively present in fluid form at
high pore pressures, indicating that the megathrust is a low-permeability boundary. These
results may hold important implications for our understanding of seismogenesis, subduction-zone
structure and the mechanism of episodic tremor and slip.
Pascal Audet, Michael G. Bostock, Nikolas I. Christensen and Simon M. Peacock
doi:10.1038/nature07650
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=144&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=31&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

Indirect reciprocity provides only a narrow margin of efficiency for costly punishment pp79-82
In human societies, altruistic behaviour can evolve because those who fail to co-operate are
lumbered with a bad reputation. This study explores the circumstances under which punishment
is favoured using a game theory model in which all individuals observe the interactions between
others and assess their reputation under various social norms. It is shown that punishment is
only a successful strategy under a narrow set of parameters, including the relative costs of
punishment and cooperation, the reliability of reputations and the spread of gossip.
Hisashi Ohtsuki, Yoh Iwasa and Martin A. Nowak
doi:10.1038/nature07601
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=54&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=113&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

Emergence of complex cell properties by learning to generalize in natural scenes pp83-86
Complex visual scenes are made up of many component features, such as edges and textures.
Neurons in early stages of the visual system are sensitive to individual features, and it
is implicitly believed that the nervous system must put them back together to signal
conjunctions of different features, but how this is achieved is unknown. This paper proposes
a model in which neural activity encodes statistical variations of features in images,
thereby allowing the visual system to generalize across variable images.
Yan Karklin and Michael S. Lewicki
doi:10.1038/nature07481
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=173&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=67&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

Immune control of an SIV challenge by a T-cell-based vaccine in rhesus monkeys pp87-91
Vaccine elicted Gag specific cellular immune responses are shown to provide a measure of
protection from disease in Mamu-A ast 01-negative rhesus monkeys challenged with SIVMAC251.
Jinyan Liu et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07469
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=191&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=158&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

Live-animal tracking of individual haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in their niche pp92-96
High resolution combined confocal and two-photon video imaging of individual haematopoietic
cells is performed in the bone marrow of living animals, examining their relationship to blood
vessels, osteoblasts and endosteal surface as they home and engraft. It is found that
osteoblasts were enmeshed in microvessals and different populations of haematopoeitic cells
were localized in different areas according to their stage of differentiation. In settings of
engraftment as well as expansion, marrow stem/progenitor cells were in closer
proximity to bone and osteoblasts.
Cristina Lo Celso et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07434
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=11&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=208&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

Detection of functional haematopoietic stem cell niche using real-time imaging pp97-101
Recently haematopoietic stem cell niches have been shown to comprise osteoblastic and vascular
microenvironments. This study describes a newly developed ex vivo real-time imaging technology
and immunoassaying to trace the homing of highly purified GFP-expressing haematopoietic stem cells
in response to irradiation.
Yucai Xie et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07639
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=85&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=53&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

Carcinoma-produced factors activate myeloid cells through TLR2 to stimulate metastasis pp102-106
Lung carcinoma cells were found to secrete the extracellular matrix proteoglycan versican.
Versican directly activates the TLR2 receptor complex on macrophages, which in turn promotes
tumour metastasis by producing TNF-?. Thus cancer cells utilize signalling pathways of the
innate immune system to support metastatic spread.
Sunhwa Kim et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07623
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=152&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=6&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

Chaperonin complex with a newly folded protein encapsulated in the folding chamber pp107-110
This study presents the structure of gp23-chaperonin complexes showing gp23 encapsulated in
the folding chamber. The folding chamber is distorted to enclose a large substrate, and this
is the first study that visualizes of a newly folded physiological substrate trapped inside
the folding chamber of GroEL.
D. K. Clare et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07479
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=138&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=147&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

X-ray structure of a pentameric ligand-gated ion channel in an apparently open conformation pp111-114
Recently, the first crystal structure of a pentameric ligand-gated ion channel known as GLIC
was published, which represented a closed state of the channel. In two papers in this issue,
presumptive open states of a related channel -- ELIC -- have been crystallized and show
significant tilting of the M2 and M3 alpha-helices from the
closed state.
Nicolas Bocquet et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07462
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=9&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=193&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

Structure of a potentially open state of a proton-activated pentameric ligand-gated ion channel pp115-118
Recently, the first crystal structure of a pentameric ligand-gated ion channel known as GLIC
was published, which represented a closed state of the channel. In two papers in this issue,
presumptive open states of a related channel -- ELIC -- have been crystallized and show
significant tilting of the M2 and M3 alpha-helices from the
closed state.
Ricarda J. C. Hilf and Raimund Dutzler
doi:10.1038/nature07461
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=29&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=120&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

----------------------
Naturejobs
----------------------
Prospects
Journey's end p119
The Postdoc Journal keepers of 2008 offer parting thoughts on a year of personal and professional milestones.
Gene Russo
doi:10.1038/nj7225-119a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=190&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

----------------------
FUTURES
----------------------
Gravitational astronomy 101 p122
It's a bit of a shock.
David Blair
doi:10.1038/457122a
http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=112&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

----------------------
Advance Online Publication
----------------------
31 December 2008
Calcium flickers steer cell migration
Chaoliang Wei et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07577
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=28&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=203&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

The Fas-FADD death domain complex structure unravels signalling by receptor clustering
Fiona L. Scott et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07606
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=209&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=146&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

Pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase-tRNAPyl structure reveals the molecular basis of orthogonality
Kayo Nozawa et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07611
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=4&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=46&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

Casein kinase 1 agr governs antigen-receptor-induced NF- kgr B activation and human
lymphoma cell survival
Nicolas Bidere et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07613
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=126&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=159&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

Photon capture and signalling by melanopsin retinal ganglion cells
Michael Tri H. Do et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07682
Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=7&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0
Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=12&m=30815630&r=MTUyNzA1NDkwOQS2&b=2&j=NDQ2MzI1NDgS1&mt=1&rt=0

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Mol. Biol. Cell Table of Contents for 1 January 2009; Vol. 20, No. 1

		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

Mol. Biol. Cell Online Table of Contents Alert

A new issue of Molecular Biology of the Cell is available online:

1 January 2009; Vol. 20, No. 1

The below Table of Contents is available online at: http://www.molbiolcell.org/content/vol20/issue1/?etoc

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Articles

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Novel Control of S Phase of the Cell Cycle by Ubiquitin-conjugating Enzyme H7

Elizabeth A. Whitcomb, Edward J. Dudek, Qing Liu, and Allen Taylor

Regulation of Kinetochore Recruitment of Two Essential Mitotic Spindle Checkpoint Proteins by Mps1 Phosphorylation

Quanbin Xu, Songcheng Zhu, Wei Wang, Xiaojuan Zhang, William Old, Natalie Ahn, and Xuedong Liu

Lysosome Biogenesis Mediated by vps-18 Affects Apoptotic Cell Degradation in Caenorhabditis elegans

Hui Xiao, Didi Chen, Zhou Fang, Jing Xu, Xiaojuan Sun, Song Song, Jiajia Liu, and Chonglin Yang

Modulation of Rac1 Activity by ADMA/DDAH Regulates Pulmonary Endothelial Barrier Function

Beata Wojciak-Stothard, Belen Torondel, Lan Zhao, Thomas Renné, and James M. Leiper

UNC-18 Modulates Ethanol Sensitivity in Caenorhabditis elegans

Margaret E. Graham, Mark R. Edwards, Lindy Holden-Dye, Alan Morgan, Robert D. Burgoyne, and Jeff W. Barclay

Phosphorylation of a Novel Site on the β4 Integrin at the Trailing Edge of Migrating Cells Promotes Hemidesmosome Disassembly

Emily C. Germain, Tanya M. Santos, and Isaac Rabinovitz

The Yeast HtrA Orthologue Ynm3 Is a Protease with Chaperone Activity that Aids Survival Under Heat Stress

Nirmala Padmanabhan, Lars Fichtner, Achim Dickmanns, Ralf Ficner, Jörg B. Schulz, and Gerhard H. Braus

Extracellular Cleavage of Cadherin-11 by ADAM Metalloproteases Is Essential for Xenopus Cranial Neural Crest Cell Migration

Catherine McCusker, Hélène Cousin, Russell Neuner, and Dominique Alfandari

Gemin3 Is an Essential Gene Required for Larval Motor Function and Pupation in Drosophila

Karl B. Shpargel, Kavita Praveen, T. K. Rajendra, and A. Gregory Matera

Deciliation Is Associated with Dramatic Remodeling of Epithelial Cell Junctions and Surface Domains

Christian E. Overgaard, Kaitlin M. Sanzone, Krystle S. Spiczka, David R. Sheff, Alexander Sandra, and Charles Yeaman

Recql5 Plays an Important Role in DNA Replication and Cell Survival after Camptothecin Treatment

Yiduo Hu, Xincheng Lu, Guangjin Zhou, Ellen L. Barnes, and Guangbin Luo

Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor-induced Phosphorylation of EphrinB1 Modulates Its Interaction with Dishevelled

Hyun-Shik Lee, Kathleen Mood, Gopala Battu, Yon Ju Ji, Arvinder Singh, and Ira O. Daar

The Anaphase Promoting Complex Targeting Subunit Ama1 Links Meiotic Exit to Cytokinesis during Sporulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Aviva E. Diamond, Jae-Sook Park, Ichiro Inoue, Hiroyuki Tachikawa, and Aaron M. Neiman

Amelioration of Muscular Dystrophy by Transgenic Expression of Niemann-Pick C1

Michelle S. Steen, Marvin E. Adams, Yan Tesch, and Stanley C. Froehner

An Internal Domain of Exo70p Is Required for Actin-independent Localization and Mediates Assembly of Specific Exocyst Components

Alex H. Hutagalung, Jeff Coleman, Marc Pypaert, and Peter J. Novick

The Unfolded Protein Response Is Induced by the Cell Wall Integrity Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Signaling Cascade and Is Required for Cell Wall Integrity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Thomas Scrimale, Louis Didone, Karen L. de Mesy Bentley, and Damian J. Krysan

Nucleocytoplasmic Traffic of CPEB1 and Accumulation in Crm1 Nucleolar Bodies

Michèle Ernoult-Lange, Ania Wilczynska, Maryannick Harper, Christelle Aigueperse, François Dautry, Michel Kress, and Dominique Weil

Interleukin-6 and Neural Stem Cells: More Than Gliogenesis

Omedul Islam, Xiandi Gong, Stefan Rose-John, and Klaus Heese

A Lipid-signaled Myosin Phosphatase Surge Disperses Cortical Contractile Force Early in Cell Spreading

Guangwei Du and Michael A. Frohman

Multiple Rab GTPase Binding Sites in GCC185 Suggest a Model for Vesicle Tethering at the Trans-Golgi

Garret L. Hayes, Frank C. Brown, Alexander K. Haas, Ryan M. Nottingham, Francis A. Barr, and Suzanne R. Pfeffer

Competitive Nuclear Export of Cyclin D1 and Hic-5 Regulates Anchorage Dependence of Cell Growth and Survival

Kazunori Mori, Etsuko Hirao, Yosuke Toya, Yukiko Oshima, Fumihiro Ishikawa, Kiyoshi Nose, and Motoko Shibanuma

Specific Biarsenical Labeling of Cell Surface Proteins Allows Fluorescent- and Biotin-tagging of Amyloid Precursor Protein and Prion Proteins

Yuzuru Taguchi, Zhen-Dan Shi, Brian Ruddy, David W. Dorward, Lois Greene, and Gerald S. Baron

Putting the Brake on FEAR: Tof2 Promotes the Biphasic Release of Cdc14 Phosphatase during Mitotic Exit

William G. Waples, Charly Chahwan, Marta Ciechonska, and Brigitte D. Lavoie

Alternative Requirements for Vestigial, Scalloped, and Dmef2 during Muscle Differentiation in Drosophila melanogaster

Hua Deng, Sarah C. Hughes, John B. Bell, and Andrew J. Simmonds

Drosophila Orc6 Facilitates GTPase Activity and Filament Formation of the Septin Complex

Richard P.H. Huijbregts, Anton Svitin, Monica W. Stinnett, Matthew B. Renfrow, and Igor Chesnokov

Distinct Apical and Basolateral Membrane Requirements for Stretch-induced Membrane Traffic at the Apical Surface of Bladder Umbrella Cells

Weiqun Yu, Puneet Khandelwal, and Gerard Apodaca

Disruption of the Interaction between Transcriptional Intermediary Factor 1β and Heterochromatin Protein 1 Leads to a Switch from DNA Hyper- to Hypomethylation and H3K9 to H3K27 Trimethylation on the MEST Promoter Correlating with Gene Reactivation

Raphaël Riclet, Mariam Chendeb, Jean-Luc Vonesch, Dirk Koczan, Hans-Juergen Thiesen, Régine Losson, and Florence Cammas

The Anti-apoptotic Protein HAX-1 Interacts with SERCA2 and Regulates Its Protein Levels to Promote Cell Survival

Elizabeth Vafiadaki, Demetrios A. Arvanitis, Stamatis N. Pagakis, Vasiliki Papalouka, Despina Sanoudou, Aikaterini Kontrogianni-Konstantopoulos, and Evangelia G. Kranias

The OGF–OGFr Axis Utilizes the p16^INK4a and p21^WAF1/CIP1 Pathways to Restrict Normal Cell Proliferation

Fan Cheng, Patricia J. McLaughlin, Michael F. Verderame, and Ian S. Zagon

EGFR and ADAMs Cooperate to Regulate Shedding and Endocytic Trafficking of the Desmosomal Cadherin Desmoglein 2

Jodi L. Klessner, Bhushan V. Desai, Evangeline V. Amargo, Spiro Getsios, and Kathleen J. Green

Multiple Regulatory Steps Control Mammalian Nonmuscle Myosin II Assembly in Live Cells

Mark T. Breckenridge, Natalya G. Dulyaninova, and Thomas T. Egelhoff

Casein Kinase I2 Down-Regulates Trafficking of Ceramide in the Synthesis of Sphingomyelin

Nario Tomishige, Keigo Kumagai, Jun Kusuda, Masahiro Nishijima, and Kentaro Hanada

Coiled-Coil–Mediated Dimerization Is Not Required for Myosin VI to Stabilize Actin during Spermatid Individualization in Drosophila melanogaster

Tatsuhiko Noguchi, Deborah J. Frank, Mamiko Isaji, and Kathryn G. Miller

The UNI1 and UNI2 Genes Function in the Transition of Triplet to Doublet Microtubules between the Centriole and Cilium in Chlamydomonas

Brian P. Piasecki and Carolyn D. Silflow

Katanin Knockdown Supports a Role for Microtubule Severing in Release of Basal Bodies before Mitosis in Chlamydomonas

M. Qasim Rasi, Jeremy D.K. Parker, Jessica L. Feldman, Wallace F. Marshall, and Lynne M. Quarmby

Molecular Clustering of STIM1 with Orai1/CRACM1 at the Plasma Membrane Depends Dynamically on Depletion of Ca²⁺ Stores and on Electrostatic Interactions

Nathaniel Calloway, Monika Vig, Jean-Pierre Kinet, David Holowka, and Barbara Baird

Cytoskeletal Tropomyosin Tm5NM1 Is Required for Normal Excitation–Contraction Coupling in Skeletal Muscle

Nicole Vlahovich, Anthony J. Kee, Chris Van der Poel, Emma Kettle, Delia Hernandez-Deviez, Christine Lucas, Gordon S. Lynch, Robert G. Parton, Peter W. Gunning, and Edna C. Hardeman

RanBP2 and SENP3 Function in a Mitotic SUMO2/3 Conjugation-Deconjugation Cycle on Borealin

Ulf R. Klein, Markus Haindl, Erich A. Nigg, and Stefan Muller

PCAF Acetylates β-Catenin and Improves Its Stability

Xinjian Ge, Qihuang Jin, Fang Zhang, Tingting Yan, and Qiwei Zhai

Cells Lacking the Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP) have Normal RISC Activity but Exhibit Altered Stress Granule Assembly

Marie-Cécile Didiot, Murugan Subramanian, Eric Flatter, Jean-Louis Mandel, and Hervé Moine

LIM Kinase 1 and Cofilin Regulate Actin Filament Population Required for Dynamin-dependent Apical Carrier Fission from the Trans-Golgi Network

Susana B. Salvarezza, Sylvie Deborde, Ryan Schreiner, Fabien Campagne, Michael M. Kessels, Britta Qualmann, Alfredo Caceres, Geri Kreitzer, and Enrique Rodriguez-Boulan

RhoE Is Required for Keratinocyte Differentiation and Stratification

Timo Liebig, Jennifer Erasmus, Ruba Kalaji, Derek Davies, Gervaise Loirand, Anne Ridley, and Vania M.M. Braga

Genetic Hypervariability in Two Distinct Deuterostome Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Genes and their Early Embryonic Functions

Trystan B. Wells, Guanglei Zhang, Zenon Harley, and Homayoun Vaziri

Polarized Traffic of LRP1 Involves AP1B and SNX17 Operating on Y-dependent Sorting Motifs in Different Pathways

Maribel Donoso, Jorge Cancino, Jiyeon Lee, Peter van Kerkhof, Claudio Retamal, Guojun Bu, Alfonso Gonzalez, Alfredo Cáceres, and María-Paz Marzolo

Human Discs Large Is a New Negative Regulator of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Infectivity

Fabien Perugi, Delphine Muriaux, Bertha Cecilia Ramirez, Sabah Chabani, Etienne Decroly, Jean-Luc Darlix, Vincent Blot, and Claudine Pique

Antioxidant Levels Represent a Major Determinant in the Regenerative Capacity of Muscle Stem Cells

Kenneth L. Urish, Joseph B. Vella, Masaho Okada, Bridget M. Deasy, Kimimasa Tobita, Bradley B. Keller, Baohong Cao, Jon D. Piganelli, and Johnny Huard

Localization of Double-stranded Small Interfering RNA to Cytoplasmic Processing Bodies Is Ago2 Dependent and Results in Up-Regulation of GW182 and Argonaute-2

Aarti Jagannath and Matthew J.A. Wood

Mutations in the Arabidopsis Peroxisomal ABC Transporter COMATOSE Allow Differentiation between Multiple Functions In Planta: Insights from an Allelic Series

Daniela Dietrich, Heike Schmuths, Carine De Marcos Lousa, Jocelyn M. Baldwin, Stephen A. Baldwin, Alison Baker, Frederica L. Theodoulou, and Michael J. Holdsworth

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Subverts Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate and Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-Trisphosphate upon Epithelial Cell Infection

Hagit Sason, Michal Milgrom, Aryeh M. Weiss, Naomi Melamed-Book, Tamas Balla, Sergio Grinstein, Steffen Backert, Ilan Rosenshine, and Benjamin Aroeti

A Dual Role for Actin and Microtubule Cytoskeleton in the Transport of Golgi Units from the Nurse Cells to the Oocyte Across Ring Canals

Emmanuelle Nicolas, Nicolas Chenouard, Jean-Christophe Olivo-Marin, and Antoine Guichet

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Corrections

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Correction for Synaptotagmin C2A Loop 2 Mediates Ca²⁺-dependent SNARE Interactions Essential for Ca²⁺-triggered Vesicle Exocytosishttp://www.molbiolcell.org/cgi/content/full/20/1/569

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International Stem Cell Corporation Closes Financing

Release #:1468-61434-rl-434148:

International Stem Cell Corporation Closes Financing International Stem Cell Corporation (OTCBB:ISCO) announced today that it had received the first $1 million tranche of an anticipated private equity financing of up to $5 million to be funded over the next several months. The total amount of the financing is intended to allow the Company to retire its existing secured debt and fund operations of the Company as it moves forward with planned pre-clinical trials in the first quarter of 2009. "This is an important vote of confidence by a sophisticated investor group and we believe it is a major first step on the path to making our company financially independent," said Kenneth Aldrich, CEO of the Company. The financing is in the form of a new class of Convertible Preferred Stock, convertible into common stock at $0.25/share, a 25% premium over the closing price on the day of signing the agreement. The new Preferred Stock carries an initial dividend of 10% per annum, reducing to 6% in two years. Funding of future tranches is subject to various contingencies that will be described in more detail in the Form 8-K the Company intends to file on or before Monday, January 5. ISCO is the creator and developer of a new class of stem cells that remove two of the greatest barriers to the therapeutic use of stem cells: 1) immune rejection and 2) the ethical issues that surround the use of embryonic stem cells. ISCO makes its cells available to qualified researchers worldwide, and its technology, called "Parthenogenesis," results in the creation of cell lines that may allow cells to be matched to hundreds of millions of people without destroying a viable human embryo. ABOUT INTERNATIONAL STEM CELL CORPORATION (ISCO.OB): International Stem Cell Corporation is a California biotechnology company focused on developing therapeutic and research products. ISCO's technology, Parthenogenesis, results in the creation of pluripotent human stem cell lines from unfertilized human eggs. ISCO scientists have created the first Parthenogenetic homozygous stem cell line (phSC-Hhom-4) that can be a source of therapeutic cells that will minimize immune rejection after transplantation into hundreds of millions of individuals of differing sexes, ages and racial groups. These advancements offer the potential to create the first true "Stem Cell Bank" and address ethical issues by eliminating the need to use or destroy fertilized embryos. ISCO also produces and markets specialized cells and growth media worldwide for therapeutic research through its subsidiary Lifeline Cell Technology. For more information, visit the ISCO website at: www.internationalstemcell.com. To subscribe to receive ongoing corporate communications please click on the following link: http://www.b2i.us/irpass.asp?BzID=1468&to=ea&s=0. FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS: Statements pertaining to future financial and/or operating results, future growth in research, technology, clinical development and potential opportunities for the company and its subsidiary, along with other statements about the future expectations, beliefs, goals, plans, or prospects expressed by management constitute forward-looking statements. Any statements that are not historical fact (including, but not limited to statements that contain words such as "will," "believes," "plans," "anticipates," "expects," "estimates,") should also be considered to be forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, including, without limitation, risks inherent in the development and/or commercialization of potential products, uncertainty in the results of clinical trials or regulatory approvals, need and ability to obtain future capital, and maintenance of intellectual property rights. Actual results may differ materially from the results anticipated in these forward-looking statements and as such should be evaluated together with the many uncertainties that affect the company's business, particularly those mentioned in the cautionary statements found in the company's Securities and Exchange Commission filings. The company disclaims any intent or obligation to update these forward-looking statements. International Stem Cell Corporation Kenneth C. Aldrich, Chairman, CEO, 760-940-6383 kaldrich@intlstemcell.com or William Adams, Chief Financial Officer, 760-940-6383 wadams@intlstemcell.com or The Investor Relations Group, 212-825-3210 Investor Relations: Adam S. Holdsworth or Media Relations: Laura Colontrelle lcolontrelle@investorrelationsgroup.com

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Latest PhD Studentships - 30 December 2008

Welcome to the FindAPhD weekly Newsletter. Listed below are the latest research projects to be advertised on FindAPhD.com.

University College London
EngD Studentship - Practical Photogrammetry of Buildings

Newcastle University
Commissioning Alcohol Treatment Interventions across NHS South of Tyne – research evaluation using the world class commissioning framework

Brunel University
Ultrasonic Inspection and Monitoring of Large Structures. Based at TWI, Cambridge

Brunel University
Long Range Ultrasonic Inspection of structures (pipelines) with coatings. Based at TWI, Cambridge

Brunel University
Total Volume Reconstruction in ultrasonic inspection.Based at TWI, Wales

University of Manchester
Oxide Fracture in Irradiation Assisted Stress Corrosion Cracking (PERFORM 60)

Newcastle University
Genetic-epigenetic interactions in childhood brain tumour development

Newcastle University
Can our understanding of "mirror neurons" guide therapy in cerebral palsy?

University of Warwick
Using fluorescence spectroscopy to study the dynamics and biological function of protein disulphide isomerase

University College London
Understanding the genomic program for early embryo development

University College London
How much biodiversity can be supported via life-history trade-offs?

Medical Research Council
Neuroscience -Functions and mechanisms of neuronal network activity in the basal ganglia, thalamus and cortex.

Medical Research Council
Neuroscience -Investigating copine proteins

University of Bristol
Bone biology of improved skeletal health and welfare in laying hens (CASE)

University of Bristol
Modulation of mucosal dendritic cell function by eicosanoids (CASE)

Many more projects have been added this week! Click here to view them all!

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Medistem Files IND on New Type of Stem Cell

View this message online Hello manoj kumar valluru, Last week Medistem announced filing of an IND for use of their new endometrial regenerative cells (ERC) for treatment of critical limb ischemia.   A very interesting patent #7,468,193 was issued covering a nutritional mix containing TGF-beta for cancer patients being treated with chemotherapy and/or radiation...ever wonder what a cytokine tastes like? Bob Hariri continued his patenting of placental derived regenerative cells, #7,468,276 being the latest to the collection, claiming intra alia Oct4+, CD34- pluripotent cells from this source. A new method for isolating neural progenitor preparations isolated from fetal brains that doesn't depend on CD133 selection was described in #7,468,277. Happy Holidays !!!!!!!!!!!     Nutritional composition against side effects of chemotherapy or radiotherapy     Patent Number: 7,468,193 Assignee | Inventor We at StemCellPatents.com have been seeing an increasing interest in "nutritional" modulation of the stem cell compartment.  For example, patent # 7,338,676 teaches the use pine cone extracts for inducing differentiation of progenitor cells to dendritic cells.  Patent # [Read More] Ask a question OR leave your comments.     Medistem Files IND for Endometrial Regenerative Cells Sunday December 28th, 2008 @ 16:32:06 EST San Diego, CA - Medistem Inc has announced in the press release below that it has filed an Investigational New Drug (IND) application with the FDA for use of its Endometrial Regenerative Cells (ERC) for the treatment of critical limb ischemia.  The Principle Investigator for the proposed study Dr. Michael...[Read More] Ask a question OR leave your comments. Read more StemCellPatents.com News       The 3rd Annual Stem Cells World Congress (20-22 January 2009) The Stem Cell Meeting (March 2009)     NEWS - WHAT'S GETTING ATTENTION?     Stem Cell Therapy for Cerebral Palsy | 10 Comment(s)     RECENTLY ADDED PATENTS     Enriched preparation of human fetal multipotential neural stem cells (7,468,277) Assignee | Inventor | Ask a question OR leave your comments     Placental stem cells (7,468,276) Assignee | Inventor | Ask a question OR leave your comments     Nutritional composition against side effects of chemotherapy or radiotherapy (7,468,193) Assignee | Inventor | Ask a question OR leave your comments     Method of determining cytokine dosage for improving myelosuppressive state (7,465,551) Assignee | Inventor | 1 Comment     Reduction of dermal scarring (7,465,442) Assignee | Inventor | Ask a question OR leave your comments     Nurr-1 induction of a dopaminergic neuronal fate in a neural stem cell or neural progenitor cell in vitro (7,465,582) Assignee | Inventor | Ask a question OR leave your comments     Anti-scarring ribozymes and methods (7,462,602) Assignee | Inventor | Ask a question OR leave your comments     Composition for treatment of articular cartilage damage (7,459,307) Assignee | Inventor | Ask a question OR leave your comments     Matrix-targeted fusion polypeptides for tissue regeneration and wound healing (7,459,541) Assignee | Inventor | Ask a question OR leave your comments     Erythropoietin administration to improve graft survival (7,459,152) Assignee | Inventor | Ask a question OR leave your comments     View all 1371 Stem Cell Patents on StemCellPatents.com     LATEST NEWS     Medistem Files IND for Endometrial Regenerative Cells 21 hours ago     Bone Marrow Stem Cells for Renal Failure 6 days ago : 2 Comments     Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy in 2 Year Old December 15th     Possible Prostate Cancer Stem Cell December 7th     Stressed Mesenchymals Make More IGF-1 November 30th     Read more news on StemCellPatents.com     LATEST JOBS POSTS     View the StemCellPatents.com Job Board   Thanks again for your help in supporting StemCellPatents.com. NEW - (BETA) Now you can send our newsletters to your friends and colleagues using our quick and easy send-to-a-friend feature (BETA). ------------------------------------------------------------ To unsubscribe, click here. Delivered: Monday December 29th, 2008 @ 14:30:07 EST