25 September 2008 Volume 455 Number 7212, pp431-564
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** Science and Controversy by A. J. Meadows - New From Palgrave
Macmillan **
This long-awaited biography of Sir Norman Lockyer, founding editor
of Nature, offers fascinating insight into his eventful life,
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Nature News special: US election
This week's US election special begins with a
look at what's at stake in this campaign and beyond
for science. We ask how John McCain and Barack Obama
developed their stances on science over time, who is
advising them and where they might take the country.
The special also features unique answers from Obama
on science-related questions.
Access the election special online including a series
of podcast round table discussions on topics such as climate,
health and innovation.
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Kd0EX
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EDITORIALS
----------------------
America's fresh start p431
The next US president will lead the country back onto the world stage
in many arenas, including science.
doi:10.1038/455431a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Ke0EY
Creation and classrooms p431
Better to confront superstition with science than to disregard the
superstitious.
doi:10.1038/455431b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Kf0EZ
Pathways to security p432
Self-regulation is a good first step — but synthetic-biology companies
still need independent oversight.
doi:10.1038/455432a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Kg0Ea
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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Marine ecology: Seeing red p434
doi:10.1038/455434a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Kh0Eb
Cell biology: Home-grown fat control p434
doi:10.1038/455434b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Ki0Ec
Materials science: A rarefied insulator p434
doi:10.1038/455434c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Kj0Ed
Nonlinear dynamics: Loading the dice p434
doi:10.1038/455434d
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Kk0Ee
Astronomy: When Triton lost its mate p434
doi:10.1038/455434e
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Kl0Ef
Ecology: Fire prevention pp434-435
doi:10.1038/455434f
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Km0Eg
Neuroscience: Sweet connections p435
doi:10.1038/455435a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Kn0Eh
Palaeontology: Whale of a tail p435
doi:10.1038/455435b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Ko0Ei
Animal behaviour: Counting bee p435
doi:10.1038/455435c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Kp0Ej
Solar power: Light work p435
doi:10.1038/455435d
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Kq0Ek
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JOURNAL CLUB
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Journal club p435
Francisco Azuaje
doi:10.1038/455435e
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Kr0El
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NEWS
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LHC meltdown before first collision pp436
Europe's largest particle accelerator might not produce data until 2009.
Geoff Brumfiel
doi:10.1038/455436a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Ks0Em
California institute to help stem-cell biotechs pp436-437
Loan programme aims to support firms in getting products to the clinic.
Erika Check Hayden
doi:10.1038/455436b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Kt0En
Monoclonal antibodies come of age pp437
Biotechs look to 'passive immunity' therapies.
Heidi Ledford
doi:10.1038/455437a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Ku0Eo
Gulf states plan for nuclear future pp438-439
Oil-rich nations concern proliferation experts with atomic projects.
Geoff Brumfiel
doi:10.1038/455438a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Kv0Ep
Brazil braced for unexpected oil wealth pp438-439
President appoints committee to exploit reservoirs found on coast.
Jeff Tollefson
doi:10.1038/455438b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Kw0Eq
Snapshot: Marine marvels pp440
doi:10.1038/455440a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Kx0Er
Creationism row forces out UK educator pp441
doi:10.1038/455441a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Ky0Es
Anthrax enquiry to undergo independent review pp441
doi:10.1038/455441b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Kz0Et
Researcher punished for misconduct wins NSF grant pp441
doi:10.1038/455441c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6K10Eg
Australian clinic gets permit to clone stem cells pp441
doi:10.1038/455441d
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6K20Eh
Agency drops disputed chelation study pp441
doi:10.1038/455441e
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6K30Ei
Arctic ice shrinks less this year than last pp441
doi:10.1038/455441f
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6K40Ej
----------------------
NEWS FEATURES
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US Elections: The home stretch pp442-445
The leading US presidential candidates are not trying to woo voters
with science issues. But the senator who wins will help shape the
world's most influential research agenda. Alexandra Witze looks at how
John McCain and Barack Obama have developed their thoughts on science
and technology, and where each of them might take the country if
elected.
doi:10.1038/455442a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6K50Ek
US election: Questioning the candidates p446-449
Barack Obama accepted Nature's invitation to answer 18 science-related
questions in writing; John McCain's campaign declined. Obama's answers
to many of the questions are printed here; answers to additional
questions (on topics including biosecurity, the nuclear weapons
laboratories and US participation in international projects) can be
found at http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6K60El Wherever possible, Nature
has noted what McCain has said at other times on these topics.
Alexandra Witze
doi:10.1038/455446a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6K70Em
Agencies of change pp450-452
A new president could bring radical shifts to America's major research
entities. Nature profiles some of the agencies in need of a makeover.
Jeff Tollefson
doi:10.1038/455450a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Mw0Es
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COLUMN
----------------------
Not the best advice pp453
Concerns about the next president's science adviser miss the real
issues, says David Goldston
doi:10.1038/455453a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LA0Ex
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NEWS FEATURE
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Science prizes: Best in class pp455-458
What is it like to be labelled a genius? Kendall Powell follows the
paths of four MacArthur Fellows - and finds they lead to rutting
elephant bulls, climate-change champions, hybrid sunflowers and
robotic hands.
doi:10.1038/455455a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LB0Ey
----------------------
CORRESPONDENCE
----------------------
Shaping science education in just 100 words p460
Marco Prunotto
doi:10.1038/455460a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LC0Ez
Animal research: too much faith in models clouds judgement p460
Keith Suckling
doi:10.1038/455460b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LD0E1
Animal research: raise standards to protect patients p460
Susan Green
doi:10.1038/455460c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LE0E2
Energy: efficiency gains alone won't reduce emissions p460
Robin Lovelace
doi:10.1038/455461a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LF0E3
Energy: time to consider heavy-metal nuclear coolants? p461
Donald E. Hirsch
doi:10.1038/455461b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LG0E4
Big data: open-source format needed to aid wiki collaboration p461
Tin-Lap Lee
doi:10.1038/455461c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LH0E5
Big data: teaching must evolve to keep up with advances p461
Samuel Donovan
doi:10.1038/455461d
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LI0E6
----------------------
COMMENTARY
----------------------
A cat's cradle for policy pp462-463
The OECD is developing a strategy for nations to measure and
ultimately promote innovation. It requires knowledge of a complex
system, say Fred Gault and Susanne Huttner.
doi:10.1038/455462a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LJ0E7
----------------------
BOOKS AND ARTS
----------------------
Land of giants pp464-465
Expansion of the railways across the western United States changed
the face of vertebrate palaeontology, and perhaps the country
itself, explains Ross MacPhee.
Ross MacPhee reviews The Legacy of the Mastodon: The Golden Age of
Fossils in America by Keith Thomson
doi:10.1038/455464a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LK0E8
Which science book should the next US president read? pp464-467
Steven Shapin, Jerry Coyne, Rita Colwell, Martin Nowak, Jerry Ravetz
and Kevin Padian review Science, Money, and Politics by
Daniel S. Greenberg, The Blind Watchmaker by Richard Dawkins,
Microbe Hunters by Paul de KruifThe Evolution of Cooperation by
Robert Axelrod, Intervention by Denise Caruso and Undermining Science
by Seth Shulman
doi:10.1038/455464b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LL0EA
A sustainable home for science p466
Erika Check Hayden reviews The California Academy of Sciences
doi:10.1038/455466a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LM0EB
Saving public universities pp467-468
John B. Clark reviews Unmaking the Public University: The Forty-Year
Assault on the Middle Class by Christopher Newfield
doi:10.1038/455467a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LN0EC
Q&A: Science sketched out p468
The annual UK Big Draw festival, a month of nationwide workshops and
talks launched this weekend in London, teaches people how to 'see'
through drawing. Terry Rosenberg, head of design at Goldsmiths,
University of London, explains how gaining skills in life drawing can
help scientists perceive the world and communicate their results.
Louise Whiteley reviews Drawing on Life
doi:10.1038/455468a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LO0ED
----------------------
ESSAY
----------------------
Meetings that changed the world: Bellagio 1969: The green
revolution pp470-471
Agriculture in developing countries was transformed when scientists
met aid officials and convinced them to invest in research.
Lowell S. Hardin was there, and believes today's food crisis demands
a similar vision.
doi:10.1038/455470a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LP0EE
----------------------
NEWS AND VIEWS
----------------------
Structural biology: A moving story of receptors pp473-474
Animals sense light and chemical signals through proteins called
G-protein-coupled receptors. The crystal structure of one such
receptor in complex with a G-protein fragment shows how these
receptors are activated.
Thue W. Schwartz and Wayne L. Hubbell
doi:10.1038/455473a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LQ0EF
Solid-state physics: New order for magnetism pp474-475
Physicists have come up with an innovative way of manipulating the
direction of magnetization in a solid. The approach might be used to
make low-power-consumption computer memory devices.
Eiji Saitoh
doi:10.1038/455474a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LR0EG
Hearing: Route to authentic hair cells pp475-477
Existing therapies for hearing defects are generally ineffective in
severe forms of deafness. A technical feat that generates
sound-sensing hair cells in the inner ear of mice might have long-term
potential.
Mats Ulfendahl
doi:10.1038/455475a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LS0EH
Astrophysics: How fast can you blink? pp477-478
Serendipitous observations have revealed fast optical flaring after
the onset of X-ray-burst activity from a source in our Milky Way
galaxy. It could be the first time this has been observed in a rare
kind of neutron star.
Chryssa Kouveliotou
doi:10.1038/455477a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LT0EI
Neuroscience: An ageing view of myelin repair pp478-479
When the myelin layer that covers neuronal processes is lost through
disease, neural stem cells recapitulate the developmental program of
'myelination'. The underlying molecular mechanisms often fail in the
ageing brain.
Klaus-Armin Nave
doi:10.1038/455478a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LU0EJ
Cancer: Entangled pathways pp479-480
A medley of molecules, and the interactions between them, mediate
cancer. The latest news is that the enzyme CDK8 orchestrates
cross-talk between two signalling pathways that are frequently
deregulated in human cancers.
Rene Bernards
doi:10.1038/455479a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LV0EK
----------------------
NEWS AND VIEWS Q&A
----------------------
Microbiology: Metagenomics pp481-483
Ten years after the term metagenomics was coined, the approach
continues to gather momentum. This culture-independent, molecular way
of analysing environmental samples of cohabiting microbial populations
has opened up fresh perspectives on microbiology.
Philip Hugenholtz and Gene W. Tyson
doi:10.1038/455481a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LW0EL
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GWAS Data Analysis & Resequencing GRANT
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Open to individuals, academic and non-profit institutions and research
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GRANT to include:
GWAS Data Analysis
Identification of Regions of Interest
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=====================================================================
----------------------
ARTICLES
----------------------
Frequency-modulated nuclear localization bursts coordinate gene
regulation pp485-490
A dynamic, single cell analysis in yeast cells reveals that
translocation from cytoplasm to nucleus occurs in bursts, whose
frequency varies in response to environmental conditions. Computer
modelling suggests that frequency modulation allows for precisely
coordinated regulation of target genes, without a need for fine tuning
their promoter strength.
Long Cai, Chiraj K. Dalal and Michael B. Elowitz
doi:10.1038/nature07292
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LX0EM
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LY0EN
Trans-splicing in C. elegans generates the negative RNAi regulator
ERI-6/7 p491
Two adjacent, divergently transcribed genes, eri 6 and eri 7, are
isolated in a screen for mutations in Caenorhabditis elegans that
enhance the response to exogenous dsRNA. Further analysis showed that
these gene products undergo A to I RNA editing as pre mRNAs, and are
subsequently trans spliced to form a single functional RNA helicase.
This helicase, ERI 6/7, functions as a negative regulator of exogenous
and endogenous RNAi.
Sylvia E. J. Fischer, Maurice D. Butler, Qi Pan & Gary Ruvkun
doi:10.1038/nature07274
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6LZ0EO
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6La0EV
Crystal structure of opsin in its G-protein-interacting conformation pp497-502
Rhodopsin is a light activated G protein coupled receptor. The
structure of its ligand free state at 2.9 A resolution was reported
recently. This paper describes a similar resolution crystal structure
of the same protein bound to a fragment of G protein and suggests a
mechanism by which G proteins might be activated by G protein coupled
receptors.
Patrick Scheerer et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07330
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Lb0EW
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Lc0EX
----------------------
LETTERS
----------------------
Very fast optical flaring from a possible new Galactic magnetar pp503-505
The observation of extremely bright and rapid optical flaring in the
Galactic transient SWIFT J195509.6+261406 is reported. The optical
light curves are phenomenologically similar to high energy light
curves of soft gamma-repeaters and anomalous X ray pulsars, which are
thought to be neutron stars with extremely high magnetic fields
(magnetars).
A. Stefanescu et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07308
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Ld0EY
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Le0EZ
Flares from a candidate Galactic magnetar suggest a missing link to
dim isolated neutron stars pp506-509
This paper reports multi wavelength observations of SWIFT
J195509+261406. More than 40 flaring episodes at optical wavelengths
were detected over a time span of three days. It is suggested that
SWIFT J195509+261406 could be an isolated magnetar whose bursting
activity has been detected at optical wavelengths.
A. J. Castro-Tirado et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07328
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Lf0Ea
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Lg0Eb
Reconstruction of non-classical cavity field states with snapshots of
their decoherence pp510-514
This paper reports the complete reconstruction and pictorial
representation of a variety of radiation states trapped in a cavity in
which several photons survive long enough to be repeatedly measured.
Some of the states show oscillations that are gradually erased by
decoherence. The paper also shows movies of this process by
reconstructing snapshots of quantum states at successive times.
Samuel Deleglise et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07288
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Lh0Ec
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Li0Ed
Magnetization vector manipulation by electric fields pp515-518
This paper finds that the magnetic anisotropy in ferromagnetic
semiconductor, (Ga,Mn)As, is dependent on charge carrier density and
this parameter can be varied by an electric field. It is shown that it
is possible to switch between stable directions of magnetization by
varying the electric field making use of this effect.
D. Chiba et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07318
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Lj0Ee
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Lk0Ef
Observed and modelled stability of overflow across the
Greenland-Scotland ridge pp519-522
Results from direct current measurements in the Faroe Bank channel
from 1995–2005 with an ensemble hindcast experiment for 1948–2005 have
been combined, using an ocean general circulation model. For the
overlapping period, an agreement between model simulations and
observations on monthly to inter annual timescales is demonstrated.
In contrast to earlier studies, it is concluded that overflow of the
Faroe Bank channel, and also the total overflow, did not decrease
consistently from 1950–2005.
Steffen M. Olsen, Bogi Hansen, Detlef Quadfasel and Svein Osterhus
doi:10.1038/nature07302
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Ll0Eg
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Lm0Eh
Intraseasonal interaction between the Madden-Julian Oscillation and
the North Atlantic Oscillation pp523-527
This paper presents evidence that the main climate intra seasonal
oscillation in the tropics (the 'Madden–Julian Oscillation') controls
part of the distribution and sequences of the four daily weather
regimes defined over the North Atlantic–European region in winter. The
paper also presents a simple statistical model to quantitatively
assess the potential predictability of the daily North Atlantic
Oscillation index or the sign of its regimes when they occur. The
forecasts are successful in about 70 per cent of the cases based on
knowledge of the previous 12 day Madden–Julian Oscillation phase used
as predictor.
Christophe Cassou
doi:10.1038/nature07286
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Ln0Ei
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Lo0Ej
Earliest date for milk use in the Near East and southeastern Europe
linked to cattle herding p528
Cattle, sheep and goats were familiar farmyard animals by the eighth
millenniumBC. But when were they first milked? An analysis of more
than 2,200 pottery vessels from the Near East and the Balkans puts
milking back to the seventh millenniumBC, with milking being of
particular significance around the Sea of Marmara, between Europe
and Asia.
Richard P. Evershed et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07180
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Lp0Ek
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Lq0El
Neutralizing antibodies derived from the B cells of 1918 influenza
pandemic survivors p532
This paper repots the isolation of neutralizing antibodies from
survivors of the 1918 influenza pandemic demonstrating the longevity
of the influenza specific memory B cell compartment in humans.
Xiaocong Yu et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07231
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Lr0Em
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Ls0En
Functional auditory hair cells produced in the mammalian cochlea by
in utero gene transfer p537
Mammals are not able to regenerate cochlear hair cells, but work has
shown that ectopic expression of the transcription factor Atonal
homologue 1 (Atoh1) can induce cells that would not normally
differentiate as hair cells to become hair cell like. This paper
shows that in utero gene transfer of Atoh1 into mouse cochleas
generates ectopic hair cells in the cochlea. These supernumerary
hair cells are functionally competent and display neuronal
connectivity.
Samuel P. Gubbels, David W. Woessner, John C. Mitchell,
Anthony J. Ricci & John V. Brigande
doi:10.1038/nature07265
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Lt0Eo
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Lu0Ep
FcRn-mediated antibody transport across epithelial cells revealed by
electron tomography pp542-546
The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) mediates transcytosis of IgG across
epithelial cells to transfer maternal antibodies to newborns. This
study uses electron tomography to visualize transport of IgG during
this process. Individual FcRn ligands were identified inside
intracellular vesicles. A complex transport pathway in which labelled
Fc moves through networks of vesicles as it migrates from the apical
to basolateral surface is presented.
Wanzhong He et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07255
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Lv0Eq
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Lw0Er
CDK8 is a colorectal cancer oncogene that regulates beta-catenin activity p547
RNAi screens for genes required for colon cancer cell proliferation
are combined with genomic data from human colon cancer to identify
CDK8 as a human oncogene. CDK8, a general transcriptional regulator,
is frequently amplified and/or overexpressed in colon cancer and
functions in part by enhancing the activity of the Wnt signalling
pathway, which is also frequently activated in colon cancer.
Ron Firestein et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07179
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Lx0Es
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Ly0Et
E2F1 represses beta-catenin transcription and is antagonized by both
pRB and CDK8 p552
Erick J. Morris et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07310
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6Lz0Eu
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6L10Eh
Replication fork movement sets chromatin loop size and origin choice
in mammalian cells p557
In mammalian cells, the genome undergoes one round of replication per
cell cycle. Many origins of replication are never fired, but they can
serve as a reservoir to be activated if a region of the genome is in
danger of not being replicated if, for example, progression of a
replication fork is stalled. It is shown that latent origins can be
activated if replication fork progression is slowed, and this
influences the size of the chromatin loop.
Sylvain Courbet et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07233
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6L20Ei
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6L30Ej
----------------------
NATUREJOBS
----------------------
Prospect
Prospects p561
China as both an exporter and an importer of science talent.
Gene Russo
doi:10.1038/nj7212-561a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6JR0EE
Career View
Stephen Simpson, director of life sciences, Science Foundation
Ireland, Dublin, Ireland p562
Immunologist takes circuitous path to Science Foundation Ireland.
Virginia Gewin
doi:10.1038/nj7212-562a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6JS0EF
Two-body solution p562
Study suggests an upside to the 'two-body problem'.
Virginia Gewin
doi:10.1038/nj7212-562b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6JT0EG
Professional encounters p562
Interacting with my scientist peers can make me nervous.
Aliza le Roux
doi:10.1038/nj7212-562c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6L40Ek
----------------------
FUTURES
----------------------
The Brown Revolution p564
No longer number two.
Norman Spinrad
doi:10.1038/455564a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6L50El
----------------------
ADVANCE ONLINE PUBLICATION
----------------------
24 September 2008
Article
Activity-dependent regulation of inhibitory synapse development by Npas4
Yingxi Lin et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07319
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6L60Em
Letters
Promoter-driven splicing regulation in fission yeast
Alberto Moldón et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07325
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6L70En
GILT is a critical host factor for Listeria monocytogenes infection
Reshma Singh, Amanda Jamieson & Peter Cresswell
doi:10.1038/nature07344
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6L80Eo
ROS3 is an RNA-binding protein required for DNA demethylation in
Arabidopsis
Xianwu Zheng et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07305
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6MA0Ey
Histone H2A.Z and DNA methylation are mutually antagonistic chromatin
marks
Daniel Zilberman, Devin Coleman-Derr, Tracy Ballinger
& Steven Henikoff
doi:10.1038/nature07324
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6MB0Ez
21 September 2008
Article
Sae2, Exo1 and Sgs1 collaborate in DNA double-strand break processing
Eleni P. Mimitou & Lorraine S. Symington
doi:10.1038/nature07312
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6MC0E1
Letters
The pectoral fin of Panderichthys and the origin of digits
Catherine A. Boisvert, Elga Mark-Kurik & Per E. Ahlberg
doi:10.1038/nature07339
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6MD0E2
Paracrine Wingless signalling controls self-renewal of Drosophila
intestinal stem cells
Guonan Lin, Na Xu & Rongwen Xi
doi:10.1038/nature07329
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6ME0E3
Innate immunity and intestinal microbiota in the development of Type
1 diabetes
Li Wen et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07336
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enlM0Xztnp0HjB0B6MF0E4
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