18 September 2008 Volume 455 Number 7211, pp263-430
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Nature Immunology
Focus on Leukocyte Trafficking
In its September 2008 issue, Nature Immunology
presents five commissioned reviews focusing on
different aspects of leukocytetrafficking.
Included are discussions of the traffic signals,
migration patterns and specific intervention points
that might be exploited in inflammatory disease.
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B34U0EQ
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Nature Insight Small-molecule catalysis
Small-molecule catalysts - transition-metal
complexes and small organic molecules - are
vital for countless chemical reactions, including
many of those used by the pharmaceutical industry
for manufacturing drugs. Catalysis research is
thus a vibrant field, the success of which is
inextricably intertwined with that of synthetic chemistry.
Read the Insight in the 18th Sept issue of Nature or access it
online.
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EDITORIALS
----------------------
The other North American election p263
As Canadian scientists work to maintain their international reputation,
a little encouragement from the election candidates would be appreciated.
doi:10.1038/455263a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5is0Ep
Handle with care pp263-264
Ecologists must research how best to intervene in and preserve
ecosystems.
doi:10.1038/455263b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5it0Eq
Virtues of visualization p264
Mapping techniques, used with care, can offer fresh insights into data
about the world around us.
doi:10.1038/455264a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5iu0Er
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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Active aphids p266
doi:10.1038/455266a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5iv0Es
Biochemistry: Protecting the heart p266
doi:10.1038/455266b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5iw0Et
Astronomy: Fossils on Titan p266
doi:10.1038/455266c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5ix0Eu
Conservation: Homes on the range p266
doi:10.1038/455266d
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5iy0Ev
Evolution: Sexy and doomed p266
doi:10.1038/455266e
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5iz0Ew
Neurology: Dopamine link to fragile X pp266-267
doi:10.1038/455266f
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5i10Ej
Chemistry: Ro-taxing synthesis p267
doi:10.1038/455267a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5i20Ek
Evolutionary biology: Eggs in many baskets p267
doi:10.1038/455267b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5i30El
Fluid dynamics: Making water wander p267
doi:10.1038/455267c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5i40Em
Atmospheric chemistry: Glasses in the sky p267
doi:10.1038/455267d
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5i50En
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JOURNAL CLUB
----------------------
Journal club p267
Nicola Hamilton & David Attwell
doi:10.1038/455267e
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5i60Eo
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NEWS
----------------------
Green issues dominate election pp268-269
Climate change is high on Canadian agenda.
Nicola Jones
doi:10.1038/455268a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5i70Ep
Iran holds AIDS doctors pp269-269
Scientists in call for release of HIV researchers.
Declan Butler
doi:10.1038/455269a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5i80Eq
Japan fast-tracks stem-cell patent pp269-269
Kyoto University secures first award for induced pluripotent cells.
David Cyranoski
doi:10.1038/455269b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jA0E1
Swollen with success pp270-271
For a different perspective on the 2008 indicators from the
US National Science Foundation, take a look at Nature's
cartograms.
Declan Butler.
doi:10.1038/455270a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jB0E2
Data on display pp273-273
Two researchers explain why they're posting their experimental
results online.
doi:10.1038/455273a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5gW0EL
Innovative ideas pp273-273
In the third of our election-themed podcasts available online,
Nature looks at where US innovation policy might go under a new
president.
doi:10.1038/455273b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jC0E3
A longer paper gathers more citations pp274-275
Brevity is not the secret to scientific success.
Philip Ball
doi:10.1038/455274a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jD0E4
Gene chips unmask cryptic diseases pp274-275
Microarrays zero in on small DNA defects.
Erika Check Hayden
doi:10.1038/455274b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5gU0EJ
Snapshot: Long-lost antcestor pp275
Meet the ant from Mars.
Amber Dance
doi:10.1038/455275a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jE0E5
Virgo's vacuum failure stalls gravity-wave hunt p276
doi:10.1038/455276a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jF0E6
Fossil hunter accused of stealing dinosaur pp276
doi:10.1038/455276b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jG0E7
Blandford to lead next decadal astronomy survey p276
doi:10.1038/455276c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jH0E8
US health agency gets creative with grants pp276
doi:10.1038/455276d
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jI0EA
Court fines entomologists for illegal collecting in India p276
doi:10.1038/455276e
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jJ0EB
Bisphenol A exposure may pose disease risk pp276
doi:10.1038/455276f
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jK0EC
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NEWS FEATURES
----------------------
Ecology: The heart of the wood pp277-280
Bialowieza is one of the best-preserved woodlands in Europe.
But is it a good reference point for what Europe looked like
5,000 years ago? Emma Marris goes deep into the forest to find out.
doi:10.1038/455277a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jL0ED
Biological theory: Postmodern evolution? pp281-284
This summer a group of high-profile researchers met in Altenberg,
Austria, to try and plot the future course of evolutionary theory.
John Whitfield was there.
doi:10.1038/455281a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jM0EE
----------------------
CORRESPONDENCE
----------------------
OPINION
More ground work needed to prepare students for PhDs p285
Cristina Banks-Leite
doi:10.1038/455285a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jN0EF
Talking about the creative use of enhancements p285
Jennifer Manning
doi:10.1038/455285b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jO0EG
European grants: a different view puts rich countries ahead p285
Bob O'Hara
doi:10.1038/455285c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jP0EH
European grants: a lifeline in poorly funded countries p285
Mike Fainzilber
doi:10.1038/455285d
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jQ0EI
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BOOKS AND ARTS
----------------------
Time to can the tuna fisheries? pp286-287
A tale of the endangered Atlantic bluefin tuna reveals how overfishing
and unreported catches threaten to wipe out this majestic predator.
But it stops short of offering original solutions, explains Geoff Arnold.
Geoff Arnold reviews Tuna: A Love Story by Richard Ellis
doi:10.1038/455286a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jR0EJ
Ocean exhibit makes waves p287
Amber Dance reviews The Sant Ocean Hall
doi:10.1038/455287a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jS0EK
Stages of uncertainty pp288-289
Kirsten E. Shepherd-Barr reviews Stage Directions: Writing on Theatre
1970-2008 by Michael Frayn
doi:10.1038/455288a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jT0EL
Saving plastics for posterity pp288-289
Susan Mossman reviews Conservation of Plastics: Materials Science,
Degradation and Preservation by Yvonne Shashoua
doi:10.1038/455288b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jU0EM
Robots refined p289
Daniel Cressey
doi:10.1038/455289a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jV0EN
----------------------
ESSAY
----------------------
Meetings that changed the world: Asilomar 1975: DNA modification
secured pp290-291
The California meeting set standards allowing geneticists to push
research to its limits without endangering public health. Organizer
Paul Berg asks if another such meeting could resolve today's
controversies.
doi:10.1038/455290a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jW0EO
----------------------
NEWS AND VIEWS
----------------------
Cancer: Hedgehog's other great trick pp293-294
The poet Archilochus wrote "The fox has many tricks, and the
hedgehog one great one". Yet a signalling-pathway namesake of
hedgehog may have two great tricks that could be exploited for
cancer therapy.
Tom Curran & Jessica M. Y. Ng
doi:10.1038/455293a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jX0EP
Astrophysics: Heartbeat of an active galaxy pp294-295
Active galaxies are thought to be the supermassive cousins of binary
systems in our Galaxy that contain black holes. Observations of an
unusual active galaxy provide compelling evidence that these systems
are indeed related.
Phil Uttley
doi:10.1038/455294a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jY0EQ
Developmental Neuroscience: Hox and Fox pp295-297
A network of Hox factors specifies the identity of motor neurons in
the spinal cord. Studies of an essential Fox-class accessory factor
illuminate the developmental and evolutionary subtlety of the process.
Samuel L. Pfaff
doi:10.1038/455295a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jZ0ER
Photonics: Illumination for atomic movies pp297-299
Free-electron lasers could produce X-rays intense enough to make
atomic-resolution movies. Initial designs are kilometres long, but a
prototype working in the ultraviolet points a way to shorter machines.
Claudio Pellegrini
doi:10.1038/455297a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5ja0EY
Climate Science: A bright side of precipitation p298
Tim Lincoln
doi:10.1038/455298a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jb0EZ
Optics: Farewell to Flatland pp299-300
Metamaterials are the key to perfect lenses, 'invisibility' cloaks
and slow and stored broadband light. A three-dimensional optical
metamaterial with a negative refractive index has now been created.
Ortwin Hess
doi:10.1038/455299a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jc0Ea
50 & 100 Years Ago p299
doi:10.1038/455299b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jd0Eb
Biochemistry: Divergence from the superfamily pp300-301
The unique structure of an enzyme that synthesizes lipid mediators in
plants defines its function and serves as a characteristic footprint
in genomes of plants and some animals.
Lawrence J. Marnett
doi:10.1038/455300a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5je0Ec
----------------------
INSIGHT
----------------------
INTRODUCTION
Small-molecule catalysis p303
Andrew Mitchinson and Joshua Finkelstein
doi:10.1038/455303a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jf0Ed
COMMENTARY
The advent and development of organocatalysis pp304-308
David W. C. MacMillan
doi:10.1038/nature07367
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jg0Ee
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jh0Ef
Computational prediction of small-molecule catalysts pp309-313
K. N. Houk and Paul Ha-Yeon Cheong
doi:10.1038/nature07368
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5ji0Eg
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jj0Eh
REVIEW ARTICLE
Carbon-heteroatom bond formation catalysed by organometallic complexes
pp314-322
John F. Hartwig
doi:10.1038/nature07369
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jk0Ei
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jl0Ej
Natural products as inspiration for the development of asymmetric catalysis
pp323-332
Justin T. Mohr, Michael R. Krout & Brian M. Stoltz
doi:10.1038/nature07370
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jm0Ek
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jn0El
Biologically inspired oxidation catalysis pp333-340
Lawrence Que, Jr & William B. Tolman
doi:10.1038/nature07371
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jo0Em
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jp0En
Towards uranium catalysts pp341-349
Alexander R. Fox, Suzanne C. Bart, Karsten Meyer & Christopher C. Cummins
doi:10.1038/nature07372
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jq0Eo
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jr0Ep
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----------------------
ARTICLES
----------------------
An intrinsic mechanism of corticogenesis from embryonic stem cells p351
Mouse embryonic stem cells, cultured without any morphogen, but in the
presence of a Sonic Hedgehog inhibitor, are used to generate a diverse
repertoire of neurons that display most salient features of genuine
cortical pyramidal neurons. When grafted into the cerebral cortex,
these neurons develop axonal projections corresponding to a wide range
of cortical layers, but in particular visual and limbic areas. This
shows identity of a cortical area can be specified without any influence
from the brain.
Nicolas Gaspard et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07287
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jt0Er
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5ju0Es
Structural basis for specific cleavage of Lys-63-linked polyubiquitin
chains p358
Deubiquitinating enzymes catalyse the removal of ubiquitin chains
conjugated to substrates. This study provides the crystal structure
of a deubiquitnating enzyme called AMSH on its own and in complex with
a Lys-63-linked diubiquitin chain. The complex reveals the structural
basis for specific cleavage of Lys 63 ubiquitin chains and reports
of a deubiquitnating enzyme in complex with an isopeptide-linked
ubiquitin chain.
Yusuke Sato et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07254
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jv0Et
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jw0Eu
Structural insights into the evolutionary paths of oxylipin
biosynthetic enzymes p363
Allene oxide synthase (AOS) and hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) are two plant
cytochrome P450s. AOS is involved in the biosynthesis of jasmonates,
and HPL is involved in the biosynthesis of green leaf volatiles.
Several X ray crystal structures of an AOS from Arabidopsis thaliana
were determined, the structures reveal how the enzyme controls the
reactivity of key intermediates and also suggest that it was possible
to convert the AOS into a HPL by mutating key amino acids in the AOS
active site.
Dong-Sun Lee, Pierre Nioche, Mats Hamberg & C. S. Raman
doi:10.1038/nature07307
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jx0Ev
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jy0Ew
----------------------
LETTERS
----------------------
A periodicity of ~1 hour in X-ray emission from the active
galaxy RE J1034+396 pp369-371
Active galactic nuclei and quasars are powered by accretion onto
supermassive black holes with masses of 10 6–10 9 solar mass. There
have hitherto been no significant detections of quasi periodic
oscillations, which should arise from the direct vicinity of the
black hole. This paper reports the discovery of a ~1h X ray
periodicity in a bright active galaxy RE J1034+396.
Marek Gierlinski, Matthew Middleton, Martin Ward & Chris Done
doi:10.1038/nature07277
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5jz0Ex
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5j10Ek
Unusual magnetic order in the pseudogap region of the superconductor
HgBa2CuO4+delta pp372-375
This paper reports polarized neutron diffraction data that demonstrate
that T* marks the onset of an unusual magnetic order, and hence a novel
state of matter with broken time reversal symmetry, for the model
superconductor HgBa2CuO4+delta (Hg1201). The findings seem to rule out
theories that regard T* as a crossover temperature rather than a
phase transition temperature.
Y. Li et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07251
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5j20El
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5j30Em
Three-dimensional optical metamaterial with a negative refractive
index p376
A three-dimensional optical metamaterial, a multilayered, cascaded
'fishnet' structure, which unambiguously exhibits negative refractive
index over a broad spectral range is reported. A prism is constructed
with this material to demonstrate negative refraction of visible light
and show that it can be easily probed from free space, paving the way
for practical optical device applications.
Jason Valentine et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07247
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5j40En
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5j50Eo
Chiral colloidal clusters pp380-382
New magnetic colloids that can rapidly self assemble into a variety of
isomeric forms are described. Depending on the shape of the colloidal
blocks relative to their spontaneous direction of magnetization, these
colloids self assemble into structures with controlled helicity. If the
size ratio between the colloidal spheres in the assembly is large enough,
a single helicity is chosen, right or left.
D. Zerrouki et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07237
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5j60Ep
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5j70Eq
Prolonged suppression of ecosystem carbon dioxide uptake after an
anomalously warm year pp383-386
This paper exposes six of twelve intact tallgrass prairie monoliths
located in four enclosed lysimeters to an anomalously warm year in
the second year of a four-year-long study and continuously quantify
rates of ecosystem processes. It is found that warming reduces net
ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange in both the extreme year and the
following. The data indicate that two years are required for net
ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange in the previously warmed experimental
ecosystems to recover to levels measured in the control ecosystems.
John A. Arnone III et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07296
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5j80Er
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kA0E2
Counterintuitive carbon-to-nutrient coupling in an Arctic pelagic
ecosystem p387
In the Arctic ecosystem, addition of degradable organic carbon can have
very different effects. When mineral nutrients are limiting, organic
carbon accumulated in the system, whereas in a system limited by
organic carbon, organic carbon accumulation decreased.
T. F. Thingstad et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07235
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kB0E3
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kC0E4
Platelet-derived growth factor-alpha receptor activation is required
for human cytomegalovirus infection p391
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) requires PDGFR-alpha binding and activation
for internalization, expression of essential viral genes, production
of infectious virus and activation of downstream PI(3)K/Akt signaling.
Liliana Soroceanu, Armin Akhavan & Charles S. Cobbs
doi:10.1038/nature07209
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kD0E5
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kE0E6
Autophagy in thymic epithelium shapes the T-cell repertoire and is
essential for tolerance p396
Macroautophagy in thymic epithelial cells contributes to endogenous
antigen processing and selection of MHC class II-restricted CD4 T cells.
Jelena Nedjic, Martin Aichinger, Jan Emmerich, Noboru Mizushima
& Ludger Klein
doi:10.1038/nature07208
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kF0E7
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kG0E8
Regulatory networks define phenotypic classes of human stem cell
lines p401
Bioinformatic clustering methods are used to classify a wide variety of
pluripotent, multipotent and differentiated cell types, including neural
stem cells, hES cells and iPS cells. Use of another bioinformatic
technique identifies protein–protein interactions present in pluripotent
stem cells. It is found that although pluripotent stem cells form a
homogeneous category, brain derived neural stem cells show distinctive
differences from each other and also differ from hESC derived neural
lineage cells.
Franz-Josef Müller et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07213
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kH0EA
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kI0EB
A paracrine requirement for hedgehog signalling in cancer p406
Hedgehog signalling has been described to function in an autocrine
manner to promote the growth of a variety of tumours, and Hedgehog
antagonists have entered clinical trials. This paper finds that Hedgehog
factors secreted by cancer cells do not act in an autocrine fashion,
but rather act on stromal cells in the tumour microenviroment which
then promote cancer growth.
Robert L. Yauch et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07275
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kJ0EC
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kK0ED
S-nitrosylation of histone deacetylase 2 induces chromatin remodelling
in neurons p411
The neurotrophin BDNF influences the expression of many genes in the
developing nervous system and induces nitric oxide (NO). BDNF triggers
nitric oxide synthesis and accompanying S-nitrosylation of several
proteins in the nucleus of cortical neurons, including the histone
deacetylase HDAC2. Nitrosylation of HDAC2 leads to its release from
the chromatin of neurotrophin dependent genes, which allows histone
acetylation and active transcription.
Alexi Nott, P. Marc Watson, James D. Robinson, Luca Crepaldi
& Antonella Riccio
doi:10.1038/nature07238
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kL0EE
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kM0EF
Structure of the 30S translation initiation complex p416
Cyo electron microscopy is used to examine the position of the mRNA,
initiator tRNA, IF1, and IF2 in the 30S particle. From this structure,
it is predicted how the 50S subunit interacts with the 30S initiation
complex, and how GTP bound to IF2 is positioned towards the incoming
GTPase activated centre of the 50S.
Angelita Simonetti et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07192
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kN0EG
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kO0EH
Prolyl 4-hydroxylation regulates Argonaute 2 stability p421
Ago2 interacts with and is hydroxylated by type I collagen prolyl 4
hydroxylase. When this activity is depleted in human or mouse cells,
the level of Ago2 is reduced and siRISC activity mediated by the let
7 miRNA is affected, suggesting that hydroxylation of Ago2, by affecting
its stability, can influence the efficiency of RNAi.
Hank H. Qi et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07186
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kP0EI
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kQ0EJ
----------------------
NATUREJOBS
----------------------
Prospect
Prospects p425
Postdocs need to defy obstacles and find ways to unite.
Gene Russo
doi:10.1038/nj7211-425a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kR0EK
Postdocs and Students
Strength in bonding p426
Postdocs are attempting to organize and improve their lot worldwide
— but results have been mixed.
Paul Smaglik reports.
doi:10.1038/nj7211-426a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kS0EL
----------------------
FUTURES
----------------------
The chess players p430
An unusual move.
Dan Gollub
doi:10.1038/455430a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kT0EM
----------------------
ADVANCE ONLINE PUBLICATION
----------------------
17 September 2008
Article
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 in MLL leukaemia maintenance and targeted
therapy
Zhong Wang, Kevin S. Smith, Mark Murphy, Obdulio Piloto,
Tim C. P. Somervaille & Michael L. Cleary
doi:10.1038/nature07284
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kU0EN
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kV0EO
Letters
Conjugated action of two species-specific invasion proteins for
fetoplacental listeriosis
Olivier Disson et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07303
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kW0EP
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kX0EQ
Acoel development indicates the independent evolution of the
bilaterian mouth and anus
Andreas Hejnol & Mark Q. Martindale
doi:10.1038/nature07309
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kY0ER
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kZ0ES
Self-renewal and expansion of single transplanted muscle stem cells
Alessandra Sacco, Regis Doyonnas, Peggy Kraft, Stefan Vitorovic
& Helen M. Blau
doi:10.1038/nature07384
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5ka0EZ
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kb0Ea
MicroRNAs to Nanog, Oct4 and Sox2 coding regions modulate embryonic
stem cell differentiation
Yvonne Tay, Jinqiu Zhang, Andrew M. Thomson, Bing Lim
& Isidore Rigoutsos
doi:10.1038/nature07299
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kc0Eb
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kd0Ec
14 September 2008
Letters
The type IV mucolipidosis-associated protein TRPML1 is an
endolysosomal iron release channel
Xian-Ping Dong, Xiping Cheng, Eric Mills, Markus Delling, Fudi Wang,
Tino Kurz & Haoxing Xu
doi:10.1038/nature07311
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5ke0Ed
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kf0Ee
CDK8 is a colorectal cancer oncogene that regulates beta-catenin activity
Ron Firestein et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07179
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kg0Ef
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kh0Eg
The mode of Hedgehog binding to Ihog homologues is not conserved
across different phyla
Jason S. McLellan, Xiaoyan Zheng, Glenn Hauk, Rodolfo Ghirlando,
Philip A. Beachy & Daniel J. Leahy
doi:10.1038/nature07358
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5ki0Eh
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kj0Ei
E2F1 represses beta-catenin transcription and is antagonized by both
pRB and CDK8
Erick J. Morris et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07310
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kk0Ej
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kl0Ek
Dual epithelial origin of vertebrate oral teeth
Vladimír Soukup, Hans-Henning Epperlein, Ivan Horácek
& Robert Cerny
doi:10.1038/nature07304
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5km0El
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/encx0Xztnp0HjB0B5kn0Em
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