11 September 2008 Volume 455 Number 7210, pp137-262
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EDITORIALS
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Turning blight into bloom p137
As we become an ever more urban species, cities will be a crucial
front in the fight against climate change. Scientists, architects
and planners must join forces to make our metropolitan future clean
and sustainable.
doi:10.1038/455137a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5J80E7
Brave new worlds p137
A new series of essays looks back at scientific meetings that had
world-changing consequences.
doi:10.1038/455137b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KA0EI
A bigger picture p138
Beneath cancer's daunting complexity lies a simplicity that gives
grounds for hope.
doi:10.1038/455138a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KB0EJ
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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Subliminal choices p140
doi:10.1038/455140a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KC0EK
Climate change: 'Hockey stick' holds up p140
doi:10.1038/455140b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KD0EL
Sexual imprinting: Facing Oedipus p140
doi:10.1038/455140c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KE0EM
X-ray physics: Superman's sharper vision p140
doi:10.1038/455140d
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KF0EN
Immunology: Holistic medicine p140
doi:10.1038/455140e
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KG0EO
Organic chemistry: Tag-team catalysts pp140-141
doi:10.1038/455140f
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KH0EP
Genetics: Sweet longevity p141
doi:10.1038/455141a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KI0EQ
Molecular immunology: Friendly antibodies p141
doi:10.1038/455141b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KJ0ER
Glaciology: Judge a basin by its cover p141
doi:10.1038/455141c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KK0ES
Astrophysics: Cloudy skies p141
doi:10.1038/455141d
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KL0ET
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JOURNAL CLUB
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Journal club p141
Michael K. Richardson
doi:10.1038/455141e
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KM0EU
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NEWS
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China rushes through major funding system pp142
Medical researchers hurry to hit deadline for megaproject cash.
David Cyranoski
doi:10.1038/455142a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KN0EV
Megacity project seeks to gauge urban pollution p142
Europe's air quality comes under scrutiny.
Declan Butler
doi:10.1038/455142b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KO0EW
Lab Politics pp143
In the second of our election-themed podcasts available online,
Nature looks at where US biomedical research might head after
November's presidential election.
doi:10.1038/455143a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KP0EX
Change at the top for climate panel pp144
Rajendra Pachauri keeps post, but working groups gain fresh leadership.
Jeff Tollefson
doi:10.1038/455144a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KQ0EY
French university under fire for culling macaques pp145
Death of research monkeys slammed as morally wrong.
Alison Abbott
doi:10.1038/455145a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KR0EZ
'Lucky' Louisiana unprepared for Gustav pp147
Coastal restoration hit by hurricane.
Emma Marris
doi:10.1038/455147a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KS0Ea
Cancer complexity slows quest for cure p148
Genomic analysis reveals multiple mutations in tumours.
Erika Check Hayden
doi:10.1038/455148a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KT0Eb
Genomics institute secures its future p149
$400-million endowment edges Broad Institute towards independence.
Heidi Ledford
doi:10.1038/455149a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KU0Ec
Physicist convicted over links with Iran and China pp150
doi:10.1038/455150a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KV0Ed
Lancet retracts paper on stem-cell treatment pp150
doi:10.1038/455150b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KW0Ee
India wins waiver to buy nuclear technology pp150
doi:10.1038/455150c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KX0Ef
China pauses on turning coal into liquid fuel pp151
doi:10.1038/455151a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5MX0Eh
Wellcome Trust goes into partnership with India pp151
doi:10.1038/455151b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5KZ0Eh
Fears for fading fireflies prompt online monitor pp151
doi:10.1038/455151c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Ka0Eo
Correction pp151
doi:10.1038/455151d
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Kb0Ep
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NEWS FEATURES
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The new mother lode p153
Palaeontologists in Argentina are exploring a trove of fossils that
is rewriting evolutionary history. Rex Dalton reports.
doi:10.1038/455153a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Kc0Eq
Particle physics: The race to break the standard model pp156-159
The Large Hadron Collider is the latest attempt to move fundamental
physics past the frustratingly successful 'standard model'. But it is
not the only way to do it. Geoff Brumfiel surveys the contenders
attempting to capture the prize before the collider gets up to speed.
doi:10.1038/455156a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Kd0Er
Protein engineering: The fate of fingers pp160-164
Proteins with 'zinc fingers' designed to bind almost any DNA sequence
will soon be available to any lab that wants them from two very
different sources.
Helen Pearson reports on a revolution in designer biology.
doi:10.1038/455160a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Ke0Es
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CORRESPONDENCE
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Doping: a paradigm shift has taken place in testing p166
Pierre-Edouard Sottas, Christophe Saudan and Martial Saugy
doi:10.1038/455166a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Kf0Et
Doping: probability that testing doesn't tell us anything new p166
Geoffrey Baird
doi:10.1038/455166b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Kg0Eu
Doping: ignorance of basic statistics is all too common p166
Matthew Fero
doi:10.1038/455166c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Kh0Ev
Doping: similar problems arise in medical clinics p167
Eric L. Altschuler
doi:10.1038/455167a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Ki0Ew
Playing the system to give low-impact journal more clout p167
Tomas Opatrny
doi:10.1038/455167b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Kj0Ex
Changing the rules won't stop the rise of a new superpower p167
Robbert Maseland
doi:10.1038/455167c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Kk0Ey
----------------------
BOOKS AND ARTS
----------------------
There's no place like home? pp168-169
A bold attempt to synthesize the effects of geography on the world's
population through maps highlights some interesting paradoxes,
explains Yi-Fu Tuan.
Yi-Fu Tuan reviews The Power of Place: Geography, Destiny, and
Globalization's Rough Landscape by Harm de Blij
doi:10.1038/455168a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Kl0Ez
A toolbox for policy planners pp169-170
Robert Lempert reviews The Handbook of Technology Foresight
doi:10.1038/455169a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Km0E1
Potatoes and poverty pp170-171
Sandra Knapp reviews Propitious Esculent: The Potato in World History
by John Reader
doi:10.1038/455170a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Kn0E2
Building from the environment p171
Colin Martin reviews Abundant Australia
doi:10.1038/455171a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Ko0E3
Hidden treasures: the moulage museum in Zurich p172
Medical students still learn about skin diseases from hundreds of wax
models that also record early cancer research and the ravages of
syphilis, reports Alison Abbott.
doi:10.1038/455172a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Kp0E4
----------------------
ESSAY
----------------------
Meetings that changed the world: Paris 1951: The birth of CERN pp174-175
Francois de Rose chaired the meeting that founded Europe's premier
facility for experimental nuclear and particle research. Here he
relives the five days of drama that changed the world of physics.
doi:10.1038/455174a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Kq0E5
----------------------
NEWS AND VIEWS
----------------------
Plant biology: Hormones branch out pp176-177
Evidence points to the existence of a hitherto uncharacterized type
of hormone that controls different aspects of plant growth and
interaction. The hunt for that hormone is heating up.
Harry Klee
doi:10.1038/455176a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Kr0E6
Gamma-ray bursts: Light on the distant Universe pp177-178
Observations of a long-lasting gamma-ray burst, one that has the
brightest optical counterpart yet discovered, challenge theoretical
understanding of these bursts but may enhance their usefulness as
cosmic probes.
Jonathan Grindlay
doi:10.1038/455177a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Ks0E7
Schizophrenia: Incriminating genomic evidence pp178-179
The genetic factors that contribute to schizophrenia can vary, making
it difficult to pinpoint which DNA changes are the main culprits.
Large genome-wide studies provide the most reliable clues yet.
James R. Lupski
doi:10.1038/455178a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Kt0E8
50 & 100 Years Ago p179
doi:10.1038/455179a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Ku0EA
Quantum mechanics: Entangled families pp180-181
Quantum entanglement comes in a rich variety of types and families if
more than two particles are involved. Experiments with photons are
opening up fresh ways to systematically study multi-particle
entanglement.
Markus Aspelmeyer and Jens Eisert
doi:10.1038/455180a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Kv0EB
Biomolecular engineering: Negative success in tiny tree p181
Christopher Surridge
doi:10.1038/455181a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Kw0EC
Correction p181
doi:10.1038/455181b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Kx0ED
Obituary: Neil Bartlett (1932-2008) p182
Founder of noble-gas chemistry.
Karl O. Christe
doi:10.1038/455182a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Ky0EE
----------------------
BRIEF COMMUNICATIONS ARISING
----------------------
Arctic tropospheric warming amplification? ppE1-E2
Peter W. Thorne
doi:10.1038/nature07256
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Kz0EF
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5K10E1
Recent Arctic warming vertical structure contested ppE2-E3
A. N. Grant, S. Bronnimann and L. Haimberger
doi:10.1038/nature07257
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5K20E2
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5K30E3
Arctic warming aloft is data set dependent ppE3-E4
Cecilia M. Bitz and Qiang Fu
doi:10.1038/nature07258
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5K40E4
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5K50E5
Graversen et al. reply ppE4-E5
R. G. Graversen et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07259
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5K60E6
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5K70E7
----------------------
ARTICLES
----------------------
Broadband observations of the naked-eye gamma-ray burst GRB 080319B pp183-188
Long duration gamma ray bursts (GRBs) release copious amounts of energy
across the entire electromagnetic spectrum, and provide a window into
the process of black hole formation from the collapse of massive stars.
Observations of the extraordinarily bright prompt optical and gamma
ray emission of GRB 080319B shows that the prompt emission stems from
a single physical region, implying an extremely relativistic outflow
that propagates within the narrow inner core of a two component jet.
J. L. Racusin et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07270
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5K80E8
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LA0EJ
Strigolactone inhibition of shoot branching p189
Shoot branching is regulated by hormones. Branching mutants in several
plant species suggests the existence of a plant hormone that is
released from the roots and prevents excessive shoot branching. This
paper reports on one of two studies that show that a class of chemical
compounds called strigolactones found in root exudates are reduced in
the branching mutants and that external application of these chemicals
inhibits shoot branching in the mutants. It is proposed that
strigolactones or related metabolites are the sought after class
of hormones.
Victoria Gomez-Roldan et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07271
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LB0EK
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LC0EL
Inhibition of shoot branching by new terpenoid plant hormones p195
Shoot branching is regulated by hormones. Branching mutants in several
plant species suggests the existence of a plant hormone that is
released from the roots and prevents excessive shoot branching. This
paper reports on one of two studies that show that a class of chemical
compounds called strigolactones found in root exudates are reduced in
the branching mutants and that external application of these chemicals
inhibits shoot branching in the mutants. It is proposed that
strigolactones or related metabolites are the sought after class
of hormones.
Mikihisa Umehara et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07272
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LD0EM
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LE0EN
----------------------
LETTERS
----------------------
A blast wave from the 1843 eruption of eta Carinae pp201-203
Very massive stars shed much of their mass in violent precursor
eruptions as luminous blue variable stars before reaching their most
likely end as supernovae. The nineteenth century eruption of eta
Carinae is the prototype of these events, for which some high speed
ejecta has been seen. This paper reports observations of much faster
material with speeds up to 3,500–6,000 km s 1, reaching farther from
the star than the fastest material in earlier reports.
Nathan Smith
doi:10.1038/nature07269
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LF0EO
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LG0EP
A Mott insulator of fermionic atoms in an optical lattice pp204-207
This paper reports the formation of a Mott insulator of a repulsively
interacting two component Fermi gas in an optical lattice. It is
identified by three features: a drastic suppression of doubly occupied
lattice sites, a strong reduction of the compressibility inferred from
the response of double occupancy to an increase in atom number, and
the appearance of a gapped mode in the excitation spectrum. The
results pave the way for further studies of the Mott insulator,
including spin ordering and ultimately the question of d wave
superfluidity.
Robert Jordens et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07244
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LH0EQ
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LI0ER
The transpiration of water at negative pressures in a synthetic
tree pp208-212
The design and operation of a microfluidic system formed in a
synthetic hydrogel which captures the main attributes of transpiration
in plants is reported. The microfluidic 'synthetic tree' has a root
system that enables the continuous extraction of liquid water from a
subsaturated vapour into negative pressures in the liquid phase,
stabilization and flow of liquid water at large negative pressures
through the 'trunk' and continuous heat transfer with the evaporation
of liquid water at negative pressures through an analagous leaf system.
Tobias D. Wheeler and Abraham D. Stroock
doi:10.1038/nature07226
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LJ0ES
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LK0ET
Old-growth forests as global carbon sinks pp213-215
A literature and database search for forest carbon flux estimates
finds that in forests between 15 and 800 years of age net ecosystem
productivity, the net carbon balance of the forest, is usually
positive. These results demonstrate that old forests can continue to
accumulate carbon, contrary to the long standing view that old forests
are carbon neutral.
Sebastiaan Luyssaert et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07276
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LL0EU
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LM0EV
Upward migration of Vesuvius magma chamber over the past 20,000
years pp216-219
Experimental phase equilibria carried out on material from four main
explosive events at Vesuvius are used to show that the reservoirs that
fed the eruptive activity migrated from 7–8 km to 3–4 km depth between
the 79 AD (Pompei) and 472 AD (Pollena) events. If data from the 18.5
kyr-old Pomici di Base event and the 1944 Vesuvius eruption are
included, the total upward migration of the reservoir amounts up to
9–11 km. Reservoir migration, and the possible influence on feeding
rates, should accordingly be integrated into the parameters used for
defining expected eruptive scenarios at Vesuvius.
B. Scaillet, M. Pichavant and R. Cioni
doi:10.1038/nature07232
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LN0EW
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LO0EX
Understanding the limits to generalizability of experimental
evolutionary models pp220-223
This paper reports the construction of mathematical models for how
host parasite co evolution might affect diversity at different
nutrient levels. Using the example of T7 phage and Escherichia coli,
it was shown that many results are insensitive to the biological
details of the interaction, but peculiarities of the model system can
be predicted and experimentally verified.
Samantha E. Forde et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07152
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LP0EY
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LQ0EZ
High bacterivory by the smallest phytoplankton in the North Atlantic
Ocean p224
Marine bacterial populations are controlled through grazing protists
in a process known as bacteriovory. The relative importance of
different groups of protists in this process was analysed.
Surprisingly, a large proportion of presumably photosynthetic protists
were shown to be mixotrophs, they can derive a significant amount of
their biomass through grazing. These results are important for future
consideration of the impact of protists on the marine food web and the
carbon cycle.
Mikhail V. Zubkov & Glen A. Tarran
doi:10.1038/nature07236
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LR0Ea
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LS0Eb
Neural correlates, computation and behavioural impact of decision
confidence p227
Traditionally, 'metacognition' has been thought to be the purview of
primates, but it is now shown that rats may compute and use estimates
of their own confidence when making difficult perceptual decisions.
The paper finds correlates of task difficulty and predictors of trial
by trial outcome in the activity of orbitofrontal cortex, which may be
most parsimoniously explained as a representation of subjective
confidence.
Adam Kepecs, Naoshige Uchida, Hatim A. Zariwala & Zachary F. Mainen
doi:10.1038/nature07200
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LT0Ec
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LU0Ed
Large recurrent microdeletions associated with schizophrenia p232
The genetics of schizophrenia and other mental disorders are complex
and poorly understood, and made even harder to study due to reduced
reproduction resulting in negative selection pressure on risk alleles.
Two independent large scale genome wide studies of thousands of
patients and controls by two international consortia confirm a
previously identified locus, but also reveal novel associations. In
this study, de novo (spontaneous) copy number variants are reported on
chromosomes 1 and 15.
Hreinn Stefansson et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07229
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LV0Ee
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LW0Ef
Rare chromosomal deletions and duplications increase risk of
schizophrenia p237
The genetics of schizophrenia and other mental disorders are complex
and poorly understood, and made even harder to study due to reduced
reproduction resulting in negative selection pressure on risk alleles.
Two independent large scale genome wide studies of thousands of
patients and controls by two international consortia confirm a
previously identified locus, but also reveal novel associations. In
this study, deletions were reported on chromosomes 1 and 15, as well
as a greater overall frequency of copy number variation in the genome.
The International Schizophrenia Consortium
doi:10.1038/nature07239
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LX0Eg
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LY0Eh
RNA interference screen for human genes associated with West Nile
virus infection p242
Genome wide RNAi screen in human cells identifies host factors that
regulate replication of the West Nile virus. Some of these factors
are shown to relevant for dengue virus as well.
Manoj N. Krishnan et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07207
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5LZ0Ei
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5La0Ep
T-cell-expressed proprotein convertase furin is essential for
maintenance of peripheral immune tolerance p246
Conditional knockout of the protease furin in CD4+ T cells is shown to
result in impaired peripheral tolerance and autoimmune disease. Furin
deficiency compromises TGF-beta release and Treg function, and is
associated with inherently more aggressive effector T cells.
Marko Pesu et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07210
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Lb0Eq
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Lc0Er
Heterochromatin links to centromeric protection by recruiting
shugoshin p251
The centromere of a chromosome contains regions of heterochromatin
that have diverse roles during chromosome segregation. This paper
demonstrates that during mitosis in fission yeast, the main function
for centromeric heterochromatin is to recruit cohesin. In contrast,
during meiosis, the most important function for heterochromatin is to
recruit the cohesin protector shugoshin to centromeres. This function
is conserved in human cells.
Yuya Yamagishi, Takeshi Sakuno, Mari Shimura & Yoshinori Watanabe
doi:10.1038/nature07217
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Ld0Es
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Le0Et
----------------------
CORRIGENDUM
----------------------
Genome analysis of the platypus reveals unique signatures of evolution p256
Wesley C. Warren et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07253
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Lf0Eu
----------------------
ERRATUM
----------------------
Tumour invasion and metastasis initiated by microRNA-10b in breast
cancer p256
Li Ma, Julie Teruya-Feldstein and Robert A. Weinberg
doi:10.1038/nature07316
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Lg0Ev
----------------------
NATUREJOBS
----------------------
Prospect
Prospects p257
The LHC will both help and hurt research opportunities for high-energy
physics in the United States.
Gene Russo
doi:10.1038/nj7210-257a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Lh0Ew
Special Report
Collision course p258
This month, all eyes in the high-energy-physics community will be on
the long-awaited launch of CERN's new particle collider. But US budget
cuts and an uncertain job market mean the field has little else to
celebrate. Eric Hand reports.
doi:10.1038/nj7210-258a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Li0Ex
Career View
Eric Barron, director, National Center for Atmospheric Research,
Boulder, Colorado p260
New NCAR director faces tough decisions early on.
Alexandra Witze
doi:10.1038/nj7210-260a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Lj0Ey
Fellowships at the FDA p260
FDA fellowship attempts to attract top talent.
Virginia Gewin
doi:10.1038/nj7210-260b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Lk0Ez
Job transplant p260
I loathe the uprooting – but I look forward to the replanting.
Jon Yearsley
doi:10.1038/nj7210-260c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Ll0E1
----------------------
FUTURES
----------------------
The whaleblimp herder p262
Transport issues.
Chris Butler
doi:10.1038/455262a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Lm0E2
----------------------
ADVANCE ONLINE PUBLICATION
----------------------
10 September 2008
Trans-splicing in C. elegans generates the negative RNAi regulator
ERI-6/7
Sylvia E. J. Fischer, Maurice D. Butler, Qi Pan and Gary Ruvkun
doi:10.1038/nature07274
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Ln0E3
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Lo0E4
Concurrent nucleation of 16S folding and induced fit in 30S ribosome
assembly
Tadepalli Adilakshmi, Deepti L. Bellur and Sarah A. Woodson
doi:10.1038/nature07298
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Lp0E5
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Lq0E6
Eukaryotic initiation factor 6 is rate-limiting in translation, growth
and transformation
Valentina Gandin et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07267
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Lr0E7
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Ls0E8
Structural insights into amino acid binding and gene control by a
lysine riboswitch
Alexander Serganov, Lili Huang & Dinshaw J. Patel
doi:10.1038/nature07326
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Lt0EA
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Lu0EB
07 September 2008
Individual differences in non-verbal number acuity correlate with maths achievement
Justin Halberda, Michele M. M. Mazzocco and Lisa Feigenson
doi:10.1038/nature07246
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Lv0EC
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Lw0ED
UNC-6/netrin and its receptor UNC-5 locally exclude presynaptic components from dendrites
Vivian Y. Poon, Matthew P. Klassen and Kang Shen
doi:10.1038/nature07291
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Lx0EE
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Ly0EF
04 September 2008
Comprehensive genomic characterization defines human glioblastoma genes and core pathways
doi:10.1038/nature07385
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5Lz0EG
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/enTz0Xztnp0HjB0B5L10E2
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