September 2008 Volume 8 Number 9
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Nature Insight Inflammation
Inflammation is our body's immediate response to damage to its tissues
and cells by pathogens or noxious stimuli such as chemicals or physical
injury. While initiation and the process of acute inflammation are
reasonably well defined, much less is known about the causes and
pathways associated with chronic inflammation. This Insight highlights
recent advances in our knowledge of the exogenous and endogenous
inducers of chronic inflammation, the inflammatory mediators and the
cells that carry out the response.
Read the Insight in the 24th July issue of Nature or access it online.
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This month's FEATURED article:
T-cell activation by dendritic cells in the lymph node: lessons from
the movies
Philippe Bousso
p675 | doi:10.1038/nri2379
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B3320ER
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From the editors
p655 | doi:10.1038/nri2405
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B3330ES
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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Tolerance: Attack of the eTACs
p656 | doi:10.1038/nri2404
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B3340ET
IN THE NEWS
Interfering with HIV
p657 | doi:10.1038/nri2411
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B3350EU
T cells: TH1 cells do the twist
p657 | doi:10.1038/nri2412
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B3360EV
Innate immunity: Catapulting DNA
p658 | doi:10.1038/nri2406
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B3370EW
T cells: Sharing through a synapse
p658 | doi:10.1038/nri2407
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B3380EX
IN BRIEF
T-cell responses | Allergy | Mucosal immunology
p658 | doi:10.1038/nri2410
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B34A0Eh
Immune regulation: Tripping a tissue-specific switch
p659 | doi:10.1038/nri2398
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B34B0Ei
T-cell responses: Killer control
p660 | doi:10.1038/nri2399
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B34C0Ej
B-cell responses: Revising autoantibody responses
p660 | doi:10.1038/nri2408
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B34D0Ek
Immune responses: Micromanaging stress
p661 | doi:10.1038/nri2403
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B34E0El
HIV: Ironing out the causes of B-cell dysfunction
p662 | doi:10.1038/nri2401
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B34F0Em
IN BRIEF
Signalling | Natural killer T cells | Immune tolerance
p662 | doi:10.1038/nri2409
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B34G0En
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REVIEWS
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The endoplasmic reticulum stress response in immunity and autoimmunity
Derrick J. Todd, Ann-Hwee Lee and Laurie H. Glimcher
p663 | doi:10.1038/nri2359
The unfolded-protein response (UPR) protects cells from stress induced by the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum. As discussed here, an important role for the UPR has recently been described in the immune system, dysregulation of which could potentially contribute to autoimmunity.
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B34H0Eo
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B34I0Ep
T-cell activation by dendritic cells in the lymph node: lessons from the movies
Philippe Bousso
p675 | doi:10.1038/nri2379
Recent advances in imaging techniques have allowed researchers to 'spy' on T cells and dendritic cells (DCs) as they interact in intact lymph nodes. In this Review, Philippe Bousso discusses how these studies have provided new insights into the processes that underlie T-cell activation by DCs.
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B3320ER
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B34J0Eq
Vitamin effects on the immune system: vitamins A and D take centre stage
J. Rodrigo Mora, Makoto Iwata and Ulrich H. von Andrian
p685 | doi:10.1038/nri2378
Vitamins have long been known to have an effect on the immune system. In this Review, the authors describe the effects of vitamins, particularly of vitamins A and D, on immune cells, and discuss how vitamins or their analogues might be applied for the therapy of immune-mediated diseases.
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B34K0Er
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B34L0Es
Tailoring T-cell receptor signals by proximal negative feedback mechanisms
Oreste Acuto, Vincenzo Di Bartolo and Frédérique Michel
p699 | doi:10.1038/nri2397
This Review focuses on recently described regulatory mechanisms that fine-tune T-cell receptor (TCR) signalling. Such mechanisms, which are rapid and intrinsic to the TCR signalosome, may explain how the TCR can discriminate true ligands from background noise and induce an appropriate T-cell response.
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B34M0Et
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B34N0Eu
Formation and function of the lytic NK-cell immunological synapse
Jordan S. Orange
p713 | doi:10.1038/nri2381
The immunological synapse formed between a natural killer cell and its target cell facilitates the coordinated and directional delivery of lytic granules to the cell-cell interface. Jordan Orange describes how this occurs and discusses the insights gained from studies of human genetic diseases.
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B34O0Ev
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B34P0Ew
Mesenchymal stem cells in health and disease
Antonio Uccelli, Lorenzo Moretta and Vito Pistoia
p726 | doi:10.1038/nri2395
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used in the clinic to treat some human conditions, but what effect do they have on the immune system? This article describes the immunomodulatory properties of MSCs and discusses how these findings can be translated to the clinic.
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B34Q0Ex
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B34R0Ey
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PERSPECTIVE
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SCIENCE AND SOCIETY
The X-files in immunity: sex-based differences predispose immune responses
Eleanor N. Fish
p737 | doi:10.1038/nri2394
Sex-based differences in immune responses can influence the susceptibility to autoimmune and infectious diseases and the efficacy of therapeutic drugs. In this Perspective, Eleanor Fish discusses factors, such as X-linked genes, hormones and societal context, that underlie disparate immune responses in men and women.
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B34S0Ez
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B34T0E1
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Nature Immunology
Focus on Leukocyte Trafficking
In its September 2008 issue, Nature Immunology
presents five commissioned reviews focusing on
different aspects of leukocyte trafficking.
Included are discussions of the traffic signals,
migration patterns and specific intervention points
that might be exploited in inflammatory disease.
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/em8k0Xztnp0Hjd0B38I0Et
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