December 2007 Volume 13 Number 12, pp 1423 - 1521
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Nature Biotechnology and Nature Reviews Drug Discovery present
Focus on Antivirals
This print and web focus comprehensively summarizes the science and business of antiviral drug R&D, highlighting innovative approaches and lessons learned from decades of antiviral drug development, as well as identifying key issues for future antiviral drug discovery and potential solutions.
To access this special focus visit: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Bh2H0EH after 7 December.
Generously supported by: Gilead and Pfizer
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EDITORIALS
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Cold shower for AIDS vaccines pp1389 - 1390
A vaccine has the potential to substantially reduce the AIDS death toll. In the wake of the recent halting of phase 2b trials of Merck's HIV vaccine candidate, a hard look at the field's expectations and strategies is in order.
doi:10.1038/nm1207-1389
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0BioG0EI
Frontiers of Clinical Investigation 2007 p1390
High-quality translational research beckons a high-quality translational meeting.
doi:10.1038/nm1207-1390
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0BioH0EJ
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NEWS
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BBC apologizes for airing AIDS 'denialist' documentary p1391
Virginia Hughes
doi:10.1038/nm1207-1391
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0BioI0EK
Spat over firing threatens medical school at US-Mexico border p1392
Brendan Borrell
doi:10.1038/nm1207-1392
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0BioJ0EL
Institutional changes may mean more resources for Indian scientists p1393
T. V. Padma
doi:10.1038/nm1207-1393
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0BioK0EM
Polio eradication campaign copes with unusual outbreak p1394
Cassandra Willyard
doi:10.1038/nm1207-1394
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0BioL0EN
Profile: Hugh Herr p1395
By designing a new generation of prosthetic limbs that rely on electronic sensing, Hugh Herr has proven that he can put good ideas into motion. But he aims to go beyond simply restoring lost limb function.
Cassandra Willyard
doi:10.1038/nm1207-1395
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0BioM0EO
News in brief pp1396 - 1397
Timeline of events...a brief history of the important news stories this month
doi:10.1038/nm1207-1396
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0BioN0EP
2007 IN REVIEW
Yearbook p1398
It's that time of year again[mdash]time to look back at the good, the bad and the ugly developments in biomedical research during 2007.
doi:10.1038/nm1207-1398
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0BioO0EQ
Biomedicine in the headlines p1399
On 26 July, The New England Journal of Medicine published a curious article suggesting that obesity spreads though social ties: if your spouse, sibling or friend has gained weight, chances are you also need to buy larger shirts. Unfortunately, the popular media decided to interpret this quite literally as obesity being contagious...
doi:10.1038/nm1207-1399
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0BioP0ER
An eventful year for the FDA p1400
doi:10.1038/nm1207-1400
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0BioQ0ES
Notable advances p1401
Some of the key papers published in 2007
doi:10.1038/nm1207-1401
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0BioR0ET
Timeline of events p1402
...a brief history of the important news stories this year
doi:10.1038/nm1207-1402
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0BioS0EU
Looking back p1403
It was a busy year[mdash]the genomes of some celebrities were sequenced, vaccine clinical trials were halted and, at long last, embryonic stem cells from primates were created.
doi:10.1038/nm1207-1403
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0BioT0EV
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CORRESPONDENCE
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Poring over pores: [alpha]-hemolysin and Panton-Valentine leukocidin in Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia pp1405 - 1406
Juliane Bubeck Wardenburg et al.
doi:10.1038/nm1207-1405
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0BioU0EW
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BOOK REVIEW
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The stem cell controversy p1407
Clive N Svendsen reviews Renewing the stuff of life: Stem cells, ethics, and public policyCynthia B Cohen
doi:10.1038/nm1207-1407
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0BioV0EX
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NEWS AND VIEWS
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Sensitive cilia set up the kidney pp1409 - 1411
An inherited form of kidney disease results from defects in the cilium. Mouse knockout experiments now explore how cilia help guide the organ into the right shape[mdash]and hint that these tiny antennae may also help regulate food intake (pages 1490-1495).
Emily Kim and Gerd Walz
doi:10.1038/nm1207-1409
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0BioW0EY
Building the bionic T cell pp1411 - 1413
Adoptive T cell transfer studies in mice and in cancer patients have shown substantial potential, but also major barriers, for successful therapeutic outcomes. A new strategy may overcome some of these barriers. T cells can now be engineered with 'autocostimulation' properties along with chimeric receptors specific for tumor antigens (pages 1440-1449).
Drew M Pardoll
doi:10.1038/nm1207-1411
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0BioX0EZ
Dying T cells trigger autoimmunity in HIV pp1413 - 1415
During HIV-1 infection, there are many ways for CD4+ T cells to die. New findings suggest that an autoimmune mechanism may come into play (pages 1431-1439).
Sarah Rowland-Jones and Tao Dong
doi:10.1038/nm1207-1413
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0BioY0Ea
Putting the heat on cancer pp1415 - 1417
Two studies highlight the role of the heat shock response in initiating and maintaining cancer.
Paul Workman and Emmanuel de Billy
doi:10.1038/nm1207-1415
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0BioZ0Eb
Incapacitating the immune system in cystic fibrosis pp1417 - 1418
Phagocytes swarm to the lung in individuals with cystic fibrosis but are unable to clear infection. A close examination of neutrophil biology reveals that Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the lung disables these phagocytes, which then turn on each other (pages 1423-1430).
Ian Sabroe and Moira K B Whyte
doi:10.1038/nm1207-1417
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Bioa0Ei
Secrets of a superbug pp1418 - 1420
Two studies examine why community-acquired strains of Staphylococcus aureus are so good at burrowing into flesh and wreaking havoc on the body (pages 1405-1406 and 1510-1514).
Franklin D Lowy
doi:10.1038/nm1207-1418
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Biob0Ej
Research Highlights pp1421 - 1422
doi:10.1038/nm1207-1421
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Bioc0Ek
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ARTICLES
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Cleavage of CXCR1 on neutrophils disables bacterial killing in cystic fibrosis lung disease pp1423 - 1430
Dominik Hartl et al.
doi:10.1038/nm1690
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Biod0El
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Bioe0Em
Cross-presentation of caspase-cleaved apoptotic self antigens in HIV infection pp1431 - 1439
Pisana Moroni Rawson et al.
doi:10.1038/nm1679
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Biof0En
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Biog0Eo
T cell-encoded CD80 and 4-1BBL induce auto- and transcostimulation, resulting in potent tumor rejection pp1440 - 1449
Matthias T Stephan et al.
doi:10.1038/nm1676
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Bioh0Ep
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Bioi0Eq
A pivotal role for galectin-1 in fetomaternal tolerance pp1450 - 1457
Sandra M Blois et al.
doi:10.1038/nm1680
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Bioj0Er
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Biok0Es
Therapeutic differentiation and maturation of lymphatic vessels after lymph node dissection and transplantation pp1458 - 1466
Tuomas Tammela et al.
doi:10.1038/nm1689
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Biol0Et
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Biom0Eu
Pim-1 regulates cardiomyocyte survival downstream of Akt pp1467 - 1475
John A Muraski et al.
doi:10.1038/nm1671
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Bion0Ev
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Bioo0Ew
Antidepressant actions of the exercise-regulated gene VGF pp1476 - 1482
Joshua G Hunsberger et al.
doi:10.1038/nm1669
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Biop0Ex
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Bioq0Ey
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LETTERS
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Acid-sensing ion channel-1 contributes to axonal degeneration in autoimmune inflammation of the central nervous system pp1483 - 1489
Manuel A Friese et al.
doi:10.1038/nm1668
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Bior0Ez
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Bios0E1
A critical developmental switch defines the kinetics of kidney cyst formation after loss of Pkd1 pp1490 - 1495
Klaus Piontek et al.
doi:10.1038/nm1675
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Biot0E2
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Biou0E3
PPAR-[gamma] regulates osteoclastogenesis in mice pp1496 - 1503
Yihong Wan, Ling-Wa Chong and Ronald M Evans
doi:10.1038/nm1672
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Biov0E4
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Biow0E5
The ubiquitin ligase gp78 promotes sarcoma metastasis by targeting KAI1 for degradation pp1504 - 1509
Yien Che Tsai et al.
doi:10.1038/nm1686
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Biox0E6
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Bioy0E7
Identification of novel cytolytic peptides as key virulence determinants for community-associated MRSA pp1510 - 1514
Rong Wang et al.
doi:10.1038/nm1656
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Bioz0E8
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Bio10Eu
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TECHNICAL REPORT
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In vivo gene silencing identifies the Mycobacterium tuberculosis proteasome as essential for the bacteria to persist in mice pp1515 - 1520
Sheetal Gandotra et al.
doi:10.1038/nm1683
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Bio20Ev
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Bio30Ew
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ERRATUM
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Erratum: Detecting tumor response to treatment using hyperpolarized 13C magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy p1521
Sam E Day et al.
doi:10.1038/nm1207-1521
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/eh130Xztnp0HjT0Bio40Ex
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Brain Metabolism and Lactate:
Latest studies on providing energy to the brain
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