26 June 2008 Volume 453 Number 7199, pp1143-1284
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The history of the solar system is shaped by impacts at all scales.
Three Letters in this week's Nature argue that the lowlands of the northern
hemisphere of Mars mark one of the largest of these impacts, a partially
obscured basin over 10,000 kilometres long. A package of other coverage
looks at impacts of all sizes.
Visit the Nature News special to access the News Features, Books and Arts
pieces, Editorial and Commentary.
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByTV0ED
Also watch the video
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByVt0Ej
Listen to the Nature Podcast.
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EDITORIALS
----------------------
The unlikely matters p1143
The study of cosmic impacts and the effects they have offers two
lessons for students of science.
doi:10.1038/4531143a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByRm0EY
Unbalanced portfolio p1144
British research councils should still foster basic science.
doi:10.1038/4531144a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByRN0E2
Comedie-Francaise p1144
Regional and minority languages should be protected, in France, and
elsewhere.
doi:10.1038/4531144b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByRn0EZ
----------------------
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
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Zoology: Spotted! p1146
doi:10.1038/4531146a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByRo0Ea
Statistics: Who's the driver? p1146
doi:10.1038/4531146b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByRp0Eb
Evolution: Model lives p1146
doi:10.1038/4531146c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByRq0Ec
Materials science: Diatomic power p1146
doi:10.1038/4531146d
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByRr0Ed
Microbiology: Infection injection p1146
doi:10.1038/4531146e
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByRs0Ee
Geoscience: The geyser forecast pp1146-1147
doi:10.1038/4531146f
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByRt0Ef
Genetics: The Mod Squad p1147
doi:10.1038/4531147a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByRu0Eg
Physiology: Environmental awareness p1147
doi:10.1038/4531147b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByRv0Eh
Cell biology: Motor control p1147
doi:10.1038/4531147c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByRw0Ei
Microfluidics: Groove train p1147
doi:10.1038/4531147d
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByRx0Ej
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JOURNAL CLUB
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Journal club p1147
Seth Lloyd
doi:10.1038/4531147e
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByRy0Ek
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NEWS
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Gene-testing firms face legal battle pp1148-1149
The state of California is clamping down on companies that offer
direct-to-consumer genetic testing in a move that threatens the
burgeoning industry. Meredith Wadman looks at a grey area in US
regulation.
doi:10.1038/4531148a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByRz0El
Biogen fights takeover bid pp1149
Board members reject billionaire's plans.
Heidi Ledford
doi:10.1038/4531149a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByR10EY
Scientists get online news aggregator p1149
Canadian researcher launches science version of Google News.
Declan Butler
doi:10.1038/4531149b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByR20EZ
Payback time pp1150-1151
The UK government has invested heavily in science. Now it's looking
for a return, and some worry that the research councils are being
pressured to deliver, possibly at the expense of 'blue skies' research.
Geoff Brumfiel looks at the changing landscape of science funding in
Britain.
doi:10.1038/4531150a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByRO0E3
When water gushed on Mars pp1153
Could crevasses in the ice have been caused by a recent volcanic
eruption?
Eric Hand
doi:10.1038/4531153a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByR30Ea
Population genomics for fruitflies pp1154-1155
Aggressive drosophila prompt study of genetic make-up.
Heidi Ledford
doi:10.1038/4531154a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByR40Eb
Online anthropology draws protest from aboriginal group p1155
South African tribe objects to multimedia images of remains.
Tony Scully
doi:10.1038/4531155a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByR50Ec
Sidelines p1155
Scribbles on the margins of science.
doi:10.1038/4531155b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByR60Ed
US Congress signals new funds for key science areas pp1156
doi:10.1038/4531156a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByR70Ee
Boost biosafety funding to cut risks, say UK officials p1156
doi:10.1038/4531156b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByR80Ef
Phoenix digger uncovers ice in Martian soil pp1156
doi:10.1038/4531156c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySA0Ep
International stem-cell collaborations launched pp1156
doi:10.1038/4531156d
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySB0Eq
Latest satellite launches to monitor sea level pp1156
doi:10.1038/4531156e
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySC0Er
Radar and wind farms should coexist, say advisers pp1156
doi:10.1038/4531156f
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySD0Es
----------------------
NEWS FEATURES
----------------------
Planetary science: Tunguska at 100 pp1157-1159
The most dramatic cosmic impact in recent history has gathered up
almost as many weird explanations as it knocked down trees,
writes Duncan Steel.
doi:10.1038/4531157a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySE0Et
Planetary science: The hole at the bottom of the Moon pp1160-1163
A giant crater on the lunar farside holds the key to a catastrophic
bombardment that reshaped the Moon, Earth and other planets.
Eric Hand reports.
doi:10.1038/4531160a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySF0Eu
Planetary science: The burger bar that saved the world pp1164-1168
Fewer people are searching for near-Earth asteroids, astronomer David
Morrison said in the 1990s, than work a shift in a small McDonalds.
But that group — a little larger now — has over the past two decades
discovered a host of happily harmless rocks, and in doing so reduced
the risk of an unknown asteroid blighting civilization (see page 1178).
David Chandler puts together the story in the words of those who
watched, and those who watched the watchers.
doi:10.1038/4531164a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySG0Ev
Gallery feature: All craters great and small pp1170-1175
From a 5-millimetre dent on a satellite to a 3-kilometre pit in the
surface of Mars, the scars of impact events can be seen at every
scale. We present a gallery of some particularly appealing ones from
Earth and beyond.
doi:10.1038/4531170a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySH0Ew
----------------------
CORRESPONDENCE
----------------------
Agronomy and plant breeding are key to combating food crisis p1177
Lucas Borras and Gustavo A. Slafer
doi:10.1038/4531177a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySI0Ex
The ethical basis of the null hypothesis p1177
John Pastor
doi:10.1038/4531177b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySJ0Ey
Stem-cell urological treatment was not carried out illegally p1177
Hannes Strasser
doi:10.1038/4531177c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySK0Ez
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COMMENTARY
----------------------
What Spaceguard did pp1178-1179
A survey of large objects near Earth has shown that there is little
risk of a cataclysmic impact in the next century.
Alan Harris asks if such cataloguing efforts should continue.
doi:10.1038/4531178a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySL0E1
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BOOKS AND ARTS
----------------------
The end of the line? pp1180-1181
A spotlight on the historic US fishing port of Gloucester fails to
capture the complexity of the fisheries collapse caused by
overexploitation and regulation, says Daniel Pauly.
Daniel Pauly reviews The Last Fish Tale: The Fate of the Atlantic and
Survival in Gloucester, America's Oldest Fishing Port and Most Original
Town by Mark Kurlansky
doi:10.1038/4531180a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySM0E2
Making genetic history pp1181-1182
Jerry A. Coyne reviews In Pursuit of the Gene: From Darwin to DNA by
James Schwartz
doi:10.1038/4531181a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySN0E3
Swayonomics pp1182-1183
Michael Shermer reviews Sway: The Irresistible Pull of Irrational
Behavior by Ori Brafman and Rom Brafman
doi:10.1038/4531182a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySO0E4
Q&A: Travels with a paintbrush p1183
Watercolour artist and explorer Tony Foster paints in some extreme
places. He has climbed mountains, sketched erupting volcanoes and
drawn underwater. As an exhibition of his works of Mount Everest and
the Grand Canyon opens in London, he tells Nature why he goes to such
extraordinary efforts.
Daniel Cressey reviews Searching for a Bigger Subject: Tony Foster
doi:10.1038/4531183a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySP0E5
In Retrospect: Lucifer's Hammer p1184
Oliver Morton recalls how the first major science fiction novel to
depict an impact event conjured the thrill and the horror of natural
cataclysm -- and even inspired some researchers.
Oliver Morton reviews Lucifer's Hammer by Larry Niven and
Jerry Pournelle
doi:10.1038/4531184a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySQ0E6
Message from the heavens p1185
Discerning the meaning behind Maurizio Cattelan's violent, provocative
and now highly valuable sculpture of Pope John Paul II felled by a
meteorite raises many questions for viewers, explains Martin Kemp.
doi:10.1038/4531185a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySR0E7
----------------------
ESSAYS
----------------------
Beyond the notes pp1186-1187
The way performers shape notes brings music to life. Nicholas Cook
argues that measuring these subtle changes can help us appreciate
and replicate the performer's art.
doi:10.1038/4531186a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySS0E8
The other beetle-hunter pp1188-1190
Thanks to a fateful letter, the theory of evolution by natural
selection was unveiled 150 years ago this week. Andrew Berry and
Janet Browne celebrate the letter's writer, Alfred Russel Wallace.
doi:10.1038/4531188a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByST0EA
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NEWS AND VIEWS
----------------------
Planetary science: Forming the martian great divide pp1191-1192
Early in its history, Mars suffered a convulsion that left a lasting
geological and topographical scar. The latest work adds to evidence
that the cause was external -- a massive impact.
Walter S. Kiefer
doi:10.1038/4531191a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySU0EB
Behavioural neuroscience: Out of sight, but not out of mind pp1192-1194
Flies are cleverer than previously thought. They can remember their
original destination even if distracted en route by another landmark.
This behaviour depends on a specific group of neurons.
Seth M. Tomchik and Ronald L. Davis
doi:10.1038/4531192a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySV0EC
50 & 100 Years Ago p1193
doi:10.1038/4531193a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySW0ED
Drug discovery: A lifeline for suffocating tissues pp1194-1195
When a blood vessel becomes blocked, the ideal treatment would be a
drug that induces new vessel formation in the damaged tissue, without
affecting healthy tissues. With the chemical nitrite, we might be on
to a winner.
Massimiliano Mazzone and Peter Carmeliet
doi:10.1038/4531194a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySX0EE
Atmospheric chemistry: Sun, sea and ozone destruction pp1195-1196
Halogens are known to decrease the levels of stratospheric ozone. The
latest measurements show that something similar occurs in the lower
atmosphere over tropical oceans -- and probably above most other
oceans, too.
Roland von Glasow
doi:10.1038/4531195a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySY0EF
Psychology: Bias at the ballot box p1197
Tim Lincoln
doi:10.1038/4531197a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySZ0EG
Molecular biology: Power sequencing pp1197-1198
Advances in DNA-sequencing technology provide unprecedented insight
into the entire collection of four genomes' transcribed sequences.
They herald a new era in the study of gene regulation and genome
function.
Brenton R. Graveley
doi:10.1038/4531197b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySa0EN
----------------------
ARTICLES
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Ventastega curonica and the origin of tetrapod morphology pp1199-1204
The transition from water to land during the late Devonian is marked
by the early tetrapods Ichthyostega and Acanthostega, and the tetrapod
like fish Tiktaalik. An analysis of recently discovered material shows
that Ventastega curonica might be seen as a simple intermediate
between the Tiktaalik and Acanthostega. However, the picture is more
complicated than this due to the unexpected morphological diversity of
early tetrapods.
Per E. Ahlberg et al.
doi:10.1038/nature06991
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySb0EO
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySc0EP
Scaling of the BMP activation gradient in Xenopus embryos pp1205-1211
In Xenopus, the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) activity gradient is
defined by a 'shuttling-based' mechanism, whereby the BMP ligands are
translocated ventrally through their association with the BMP inhibitor
Chordin. This shuttling, with feedback repression of the BMP ligand
Admp, offers a quantitative explanation to earlier observations, and
accounts naturally for the scaling of embryo pattern with its size.
Danny Ben-Zvi, Ben-Zion Shilo, Abraham Fainsod and Naama Barkai
doi:10.1038/nature07059
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySd0EQ
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySe0ER
----------------------
LETTERS
----------------------
The Borealis basin and the origin of the martian crustal dichotomy pp1212-1215
The hemispheric dichotomy between the southern highlands and northern
lowlands on Mars is characterized by a change in crustal thickness
along an apparently irregular boundary, which can be traced around the
planet, except where it is presumably buried beneath the Tharsis
volcanic rise. The gravity and topography of Mars is used to constrain
the location of the dichotomy boundary beneath Tharsis, and finds that
the dichotomy boundary along its entire path around the planet is
accurately fit by an ellipse measuring about 10,600 by 8,500 km.
Jeffrey C. Andrews-Hanna, Maria T. Zuber and W. Bruce Banerdt
doi:10.1038/nature07011
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySf0ES
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySg0ET
Mega-impact formation of the Mars hemispheric dichotomy pp1216-1219
The Martian 'hemispheric dichotomy' is expressed as a dramatic
difference in elevation and crustal thickness between the southern
highlands and northern lowlands. A set of single impact initial
conditions by which a large impactor can produce features that are
consistent with the observed dichotomy's crustal structure have been
found. Using 3D hydrodynamic simulations, the models produce large
variations in post impact states depending on impact energy, velocity
and, importantly, impact angle.
Margarita M. Marinova, Oded Aharonson and Erik Asphaug
doi:10.1038/nature07070
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySh0EU
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySi0EV
Implications of an impact origin for the martian hemispheric dichotomy pp1220-1223
A high resolution 2D hydrocode is used to model vertical impacts over
a range of parameters appropriate to early Mars. It is proposed that
the impact model, in addition to excavating a crustal cavity of the
correct size, explains two additional observations: crustal disruption
at the impact antipode, which it is inferred is probably responsible
for the observed antipodal decline in magnetic field strength; and the
impact generated melt forming the northern lowlands crust.
F. Nimmo, S. D. Hart, D. G. Korycansky and C. B. Agnor
doi:10.1038/nature07025
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySj0EW
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySk0EX
A BCS-like gap in the superconductor SmFeAsO0.85F0.15 p1224
The observation of a single gap in the superconductor SmFeAsO0.85F0.15
is reported. The gap value, its decrease with temperature and
vanishing at Tc are all consistent with the Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer
predictions, but dramatically different from that of the pseudogap
behaviour in the copper oxide superconductors. The results are not
compatible with models involving antiferromagnetic fluctuations,
strong correlations, t J model, and the like, originally designed for
the high Tc copper oxides.
T. Y. Chen, Z. Tesanovic, R. H. Liu, X. H. Chen & C. L. Chien
doi:10.1038/nature07081
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByRP0E4
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByRZ0EF
The total synthesis of (-)-cyanthiwigin F by means of double catalytic
enantioselective alkylation pp1228-1231
Double catalytic enantioselective transformations are powerful
synthetic methods that can facilitate the construction of
stereochemically complex molecules in a single operation. In this
paper, the use of a double stereoablative enantioselective alkylation
reaction in a concise synthesis of the marine diterpenoid (–)
cyanthiwigin F is reported. The key step involves the conversion of a
complicated mixture of racemic and meso diastereomers into a
synthetically useful intermediate with exceptional enantiomeric excess.
John A. Enquist Jr and Brian M. Stoltz
doi:10.1038/nature07046
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySl0EY
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySm0EZ
Extensive halogen-mediated ozone destruction over the tropical
Atlantic Ocean pp1232-1235
This paper reports eight months of spectroscopic measurements at the
Cape Verde Observatory indicative of the ubiquitous daytime presence
of bromine monoxide and iodine monoxide in the tropical marine
boundary layer. A year round data set of co located in situ surface
trace gas measurements made in conjunction with low level aircraft
observations show that the mean daily observed ozone loss is ~50 per
cent greater than that simulated by a global chemistry model using a
classical photochemistry scheme that excludes halogen chemistry.
Katie A. Read et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07035
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySn0Ea
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySo0Eb
Explosive volcanism on the ultraslow-spreading Gakkel ridge, Arctic
Ocean pp1236-1238
New deep submergence technologies are used to obtain photographic
images of a 'zero age' volcanic terrain on the ultra slow spreading
Gakkel Ridge in the Arctic Basin. The imagery reveals that the axial
valley at 4,000m water depth is blanketed with unconsolidated
pyroclastic deposits, raising important questions regarding the
accumulation and discharge of magmatic volatiles on such ridges and
demonstrating that large scale pyroclastic activity is possible along
even the deepest portions of the global mid ocean ridge volcanic
system.
Robert A. Sohn et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07075
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySp0Ec
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySq0Ed
Dynamic repertoire of a eukaryotic transcriptome surveyed at
single-nucleotide resolution p1239
Using recently developed DNA sequencing technologies, nucleic acid
transcripts are characterized in unprecedented detail from the yeast
Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The sequences definitively demonstrate that
90% of more of the genome is transcribed into RNA, and show a
previously unseen link between transcription and splicing efficiency
at different points in the cell's growth.
Brian T. Wilhelm et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07002
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySr0Ee
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySs0Ef
Analysis of a spatial orientation memory in Drosophila p1244
Visual orientation in a complex environment requires a memory for
targets' spatial position, in case they become temporarily out of
sight, a faculty known as 'spatial working memory' in vertebrates.
Use of a virtual reality arena to present visual targets to walking
fruit flies shows that insects share the faculty. Cell specific gene
rescue in learning mutants, ablation of brain areas and neuron
specific silencing experiments revealed that a distinct subset of
neurons in the central brain is required for a spatial working memory
in flies.
Kirsa Neuser, Tilman Triphan, Markus Mronz, Burkhard Poeck
& Roland Strauss
doi:10.1038/nature07003
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySt0Eg
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySu0Eh
Hippocampus-independent phase precession in entorhinal grid cells p1248
In the brain, both rate and temporal codes are critical for
information storage. Theta phase precession is a change in action
potential timing in the hippocampus where place cells fire at
progressively earlier phases of the theta rhythm as the animal moves
across the firing field of the neuron. This paper explores the
circuitry of theta phase precession and shows that phase precession is
expressed independently of the hippocampus in spatially modulated grid
cells in parts of the entorhinal cortex.
Torkel Hafting, Marianne Fyhn, Tora Bonnevie, May-Britt Moser
& Edvard I. Moser
doi:10.1038/nature06957
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySv0Ei
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySw0Ej
Rapid strengthening of thalamo-amygdala synapses mediates cue–reward
learning p1253
Some people earn rewards more successfully when performing goal
directed tasks, but the neuronal changes that could mediate this
reward directed learning are not well understood. Rats were trained
to self administer a sucrose reward, and it was shown that reward
learning depends on increased activity and synaptic strength in the
amygdala, a brain region important for emotional learning. The level
of learning attained by individual animals correlated well with the
degree of synaptic strength enhancement.
Kay M. Tye, Garret D. Stuber, Bram de Ridder, Antonello Bonci
& Patricia H. Janak
doi:10.1038/nature06963
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySx0Ek
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySy0El
Crystal structures of oseltamivir-resistant influenza virus
neuraminidase mutants p1258
Antiviral drugs are seen as essential requirements for control of
initial influenza outbreaks caused by a new virus. This paper presents
enzymatic properties and crystal structures of neuraminidase mutants
from H5N1 infected patients that explain the molecular basis of
observed resistance against the neuraminidase inhibitor Oseltamivir.
Patrick J. Collins et al.
doi:10.1038/nature06956
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BySz0Em
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByS10EZ
Assembly reflects evolution of protein complexes p1262
On the basis of the known crystallographic structures of 5000
'homo oligomeric' complexes, this study derives plausible pathways for
the emergence of ever more complex such assemblies during evolution.
Using electrospray mass spectrometry, it is observed that the same
pathways are followed on the shorter time scale of protein assembly
in vitro.
Emmanuel D. Levy, Elisabetta Boeri Erba, Carol V. Robinson
& Sarah A. Teichmann
doi:10.1038/nature06942
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByS20Ea
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByS30Eb
Modest stabilization by most hydrogen-bonded side-chain interactions
in membrane proteins p1266
Hydrogen bonds have been widely assumed to be strongly stabilizing in
membrane proteins. But in this work, interaction free energies were
measured between eight hydrogen bonded side chains in
bacteriorhodopsin and it was found that most make only modest
stabilizing contributions. This suggests that views of membrane
protein folding, evolution and function should reflect such weak
polar side chain interactions.
Nathan HyunJoong Joh et al.
doi:10.1038/nature06977
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByS40Ec
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByS50Ed
Structural basis for EGFR ligand sequestration by Argos p1271
Drosophila Argos is an antagonist of EGF receptor signalling that
functions by binding and sequestering EGFR ligands. The structure of
Argos bound to the EGFR ligand Spitz reveals that Argos engulfs the
ligand using three related domains with structural resemblance to
receptors for TGF-beta and urokinase plasminogen activator.
Daryl E. Klein, Steven E. Stayrook, Fumin Shi, Kartik Narayan
& Mark A. Lemmon
doi:10.1038/nature06978
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByS60Ee
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByS70Ef
Translation factors promote the formation of two states of the
closed-loop mRNP p1276
The 5' and 3' ends of eukaryotic mRNAs are brought together to form a
closed loop, which helps stabilize the mRNA and facilitates
translation. There are two distinct closed loops formed in yeast,
which differ in the form of the ribosome that is bound. The form
containing the full ribosome is also surprisingly associated with
termination factors, even though termination is not required for
loop formation.
Nadia Amrani, Shubhendu Ghosh, David A. Mangus & Allan Jacobson
doi:10.1038/nature06974
Abstract: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByS80Eg
Article: http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByTA0Eq
----------------------
NATUREJOBS
----------------------
Prospect
Prospects p1281
Pruning the prickly path to industry.
Gene Russo
doi:10.1038/nj7199-1281a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByTB0Er
Career View
James Halpert, Associate Dean for Scientific Affairs, Skaggs School of
Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California,
San Diego p1282
Biochemist dares to take on new challenge.
Virginia Gewin
doi:10.1038/nj7199-1282a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByTC0Es
Postdoc competencies p1282
The making of postdoc 'core competencies'.
Lisa Curtis, Keith Micoli & Jennifer Reineke Pohlhaus
doi:10.1038/nj7199-1282b
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByTD0Et
Cool and collected p1282
Mouth-watering T-bone dreams.
Aliza le Roux
doi:10.1038/nj7199-1282c
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByTE0Eu
----------------------
FUTURES
----------------------
Dead yellow p1284
Hue and cry.
Tanith Lee
doi:10.1038/4531284a
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByTF0Ev
----------------------
ADVANCE ONLINE PUBLICATION
----------------------
25 June 2008
Article
Structure of a beta1-adrenergic G-protein-coupled receptor
Tony Warne et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07101
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByTG0Ew
Letters
Escape from adaptive conflict after duplication in an anthocyanin
pathway gene
David L. Des Marais & Mark D. Rausher
doi:10.1038/nature07092
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByTH0Ex
Evidence for the evolutionary nascence of a novel sex determination
pathway in honeybees
Martin Hasselmann, Tanja Gempe, Morten Schiøtt,
Carlos Gustavo Nunes-Silva, Marianne Otte & Martin Beye
doi:10.1038/nature07052
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByTI0Ey
Essential roles of PI(3)K–p110beta in cell growth, metabolism and
tumorigenesis
Shidong Jia et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07091
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByTJ0Ez
Switch of rhodopsin expression in terminally differentiated Drosophila
sensory neurons
Simon G. Sprecher & Claude Desplan
doi:10.1038/nature07062
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByTK0E1
Blocking VEGFR-3 suppresses angiogenic sprouting and vascular network
formation
Tuomas Tammela et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07083
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByTL0E2
Mouse development with a single E2F activator
Shih-Yin Tsai et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07066
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByTM0E3
An Fgf/Gremlin inhibitory feedback loop triggers termination of limb
bud outgrowth
Jamie M. Verheyden & Xin Sun
doi:10.1038/nature07085
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByTN0E4
22 June 2008
Letters
IRF4 addiction in multiple myeloma
Arthur L. Shaffer et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07064
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByTO0E5
Epicardial progenitors contribute to the cardiomyocyte lineage in the
developing heart
Bin Zhou et al.
doi:10.1038/nature07060
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0ByTP0E6
=====================================================================
Laboratory Investigation presents:
Understanding the development of human bladder cancer by using a
whole-organ genomic mapping strategy
Can this disease be detected earlier? Genome-wide mapping of human
bladder cancer has identified key genetic risk areas for cancer
development and provides new insight into early genetic origins of
cancer. View the complete article online at Laboratory Investigation.
http://ealerts.nature.com/cgi-bin24/DM/y/elr30Xztnp0HjB0BvKH0El
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